A5079408277- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
National Tsing Hua University
2020-2024
National University of Kaohsiung
2022-2024
Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
2024
Yale University
2024
Guangzhou University
2024
Kaohsiung Medical University
2024
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
2024
Texas A&M University
2024
National Taiwan University
2024
Institute of Bioinformatics
2020-2023
Abstract The ongoing novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has already infected millions worldwide and, with no vaccine available, interventions to mitigate transmission are urgently needed. While there is broad agreement that travel restrictions and social distancing beneficial in limiting spread, recommendations around face mask use inconsistent. Here, we mathematical modeling examine the epidemiological impact of masks, considering resource limitations a range supply demand...
Significance Traditional methods for estimating malaria transmission based on mosquito sampling are not standardized and unavailable in many countries sub-Saharan Africa. Such studies especially difficult to implement when is low, low the goal of elimination. Malaria-control efforts Senegal have resulted changes population genomics evidenced by increased allele sharing among parasite genomes, often including genomic identity between independently sampled parasites. Fitting an epidemiological...
As many malaria-endemic countries move towards elimination of Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent human malaria parasite, effective tools for monitoring epidemiology are urgent priorities. P. falciparum population genetic approaches offer promising understanding transmission and spread disease, but a high prevalence multi-clone or polygenomic infections can render estimation even basic parameters, such as allele frequencies, challenging. A previous method, COIL, was developed to...
Using parasite genotyping tools, we screened patients with mild uncomplicated malaria seeking treatment at a clinic in Thiès, Senegal, from 2006 to 2011. We identified growing frequency of infections caused by genetically identical strains, coincident increased deployment control interventions and decreased deaths. Parasite genotypes some cases persisted clonally across dry seasons. The increase strains corresponded decrease the probability multiple infections. Further, these observations...
Through rapid genetic adaptation and natural selection, the Plasmodium falciparum parasite—the deadliest of those that cause malaria—is able to develop resistance antimalarial drugs, thwarting present efforts control it. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide a critical hypothesis-generating tool for understanding how this occurs. However, in P. , limited amount linkage disequilibrium hinders power traditional array-based GWAS. Here, we demonstrate feasibility improvements gained by...
For countries aiming for malaria elimination, travel of infected individuals between endemic areas undermines local interventions. Quantifying parasite importation has therefore become a priority national control programs. We analyzed epidemiological surveillance data, surveys, genetic and anonymized mobile phone data to measure the spatial spread parasites in southeast Bangladesh. developed mixing index estimate likelihood samples being or imported from inferred direction intensity flow...
Recent global progress in scaling up malaria control interventions has revived the goal of complete elimination many countries. Decreasing transmission intensity generally leads to increasingly patchy spatial patterns settings, with programs having accurately identify remaining foci order efficiently target interventions.The role connectivity between different pockets local is increasing importance as near since humans are able transfer parasites beyond limits mosquito dispersal, thus...
Repair of a chromosomal double-strand break (DSB) by gene conversion depends on the ability broken ends to encounter donor sequence. To understand how location target sequence affects DSB repair, we took advantage genome-wide Hi-C analysis yeast chromosomes create series strains in which an induced site-specific budding is repaired 2-kb inserted at different locations. The efficiency measured cell viability or competition between each and reference site, showed strong correlation (r = 0.85...
Significance Genomic sequences of 159 isolates the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum exhibited highly unusual patterns single-nucleotide polymorphism. We hypothesized that these might result from repeated bottlenecks in host–vector and vector–host transmission as well intense competition between parasites within a single host. Computer simulations life cycle recapitulated polymorphism observed. In classical Wright–Fisher model population genetics, random changes gene frequency caused by...
Identifying the source of resurgent parasites is paramount to a strategic, successful intervention for malaria elimination. Although incidence in Panama low, recent outbreak resulted 6-fold increase reported cases. We hypothesized that sampled from this epidemic might be related and exhibit clonal population structure. tested genetic relatedness parasites, using informative single-nucleotide polymorphisms drug resistance loci. found were clustered into 3 subpopulations Colombia. Two clusters...
To analyse the proportions of protein identity between Zika virus and dengue, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, West Nile chikungunya viruses as well polymorphism different strains.We used published sequences for obtained other from National Center Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database or NCBI variation resource. We BLASTP to find regions viruses. quantified each viruses, within-Zika all amino acid k-mers across proteome, with k ranging 6 100. assessed accessibility fragments by...
Abstract Background As COVID-19 continues to spread around the world, understanding how patterns of human mobility and connectivity affect outbreak dynamics, especially before outbreaks establish locally, is critical for informing response efforts. In Taiwan, most cases date were imported or linked cases. Methods collaboration with Facebook Data Good, we characterized changes in movement Taiwan since February 2020, built metapopulation models that incorporate data identify high risk areas...
<h3>Importance</h3> Taiwan is one of the few countries with initial success in COVID-19 control without strict lockdown or school closure. The reasons remain to be fully elucidated. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare and evaluate effectiveness case-based (including contact tracing quarantine) population-based social distancing facial masking) interventions for Taiwan. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This comparative study used a stochastic branching process model using epidemic data from...
Malaria is a deadly disease that causes nearly one million deaths each year. To develop methods to control and eradicate malaria, it important understand the genetic basis of Plasmodium falciparum adaptations antimalarial treatments human immune system while taking into account its demographic history. study history identify genes under selection more efficiently, we sequenced complete genomes 25 culture-adapted P. isolates from three sites in Senegal. We show there no significant population...
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Abstract Whole-genome sequencing of pathogens has recently been used to investigate disease outbreaks and is likely play a growing role in real-time epidemiological studies. Methods analyze high-resolution genomic data this context are still lacking, inferring transmission dynamics from such typically requires many assumptions. While recent studies have proposed methods infer who infected whom based on genetic distance between isolates different individuals, the link relationship not well...
Abstract Artemisinin resistance is rapidly spreading in Southeast Asia. The efficacy of artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) continues to be excellent across Africa. We performed parasite transcriptional profiling and genotyping on samples from an antimalarial treatment trial Uganda. used qRT-PCR characterize residual circulating populations after with either ACT or ACT-primaquine. Transcripts suggestive ring stage parasites were present at a prevalence >25% until least 14 days post...
ABSTRACT The ongoing novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread in early 2020, causing tens of thousands deaths, over a million cases and widespread socioeconomic disruption. With no vaccine available numerous national healthcare systems reaching or exceeding capacity, interventions to limit transmission are urgently needed. While there is broad agreement that travel restrictions closure non-essential businesses schools beneficial limiting local regional spread,...
Substantial progress has been made globally to control malaria, however there is a growing need for innovative new tools ensure continued progress. One approach harness genetic sequencing and accompanying methodological approaches as have used in the of other infectious diseases. However, utilize these methodologies we first extend methods capture complex interactions between parasites, human vector hosts, environment, which all impact level diversity relatedness malaria parasites. We...
Mathematical and statistical models are used to predict trends in epidemic spread determine the effectiveness of control measures. Automatic regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) for time-series forecasting, but only few 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have incorporated protective behaviors or vaccination, known be effective control. To improve accuracy prediction, we applied newly developed ARIMA with predictors (mask wearing, avoiding going out, vaccination) forecast...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common healthcare-associated pathogens. To examine role inter-hospital patient sharing on MRSA transmission, a previous study collected 2,214 samples from 30 hospitals in Orange County, California and showed by spa typing that genetic differentiation decreased significantly with increased sharing. In current study, we focused 986 type t008 same population. We used genome sequencing to determine effect between hospitals....
Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, Taiwan has implemented strict border controls and community spread prevention measures. As part of these efforts, government also measures for public transportation. In Taiwan, there are two primary transportation systems: Railways (TR) is commonly utilized local travel, while High-Speed Rail (THSR) preferred business trips long-distance journeys due to its higher speed. this study, we examined impact disease on number passengers duration stay in major...
Spread of malaria and antimalarial resistance through human movement present major threats to current goals eliminate the disease. Bordering Greater Mekong Subregion, southeast Bangladesh is a potentially important route spread India beyond, but information on travel patterns in this area are lacking.