A5037358711- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Travel-related health issues
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2015-2024
University of London
2015-2023
Radboud University Medical Center
2018
Universitat de Barcelona
2018
Sanaria
2018
TropIQ Health Sciences
2018
Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme
2018
Heidelberg University
2018
Radboud University Nijmegen
2018
A detailed understanding of the human infectious reservoir is essential for improving malaria transmission-reducing interventions. Here we report a multi-regional assessment population-wide transmission potential based on 1209 mosquito feeding assays in endemic areas Burkina Faso and Kenya. Across both sites, identified 39 individuals. In high endemicity settings, individuals were identifiable by research-grade microscopy (92.6%; 25/27), whilst one three lowest setting was detected molecular...
Abstract Mosquito feeding assays are important in evaluations of malaria transmission-reducing interventions. The proportion mosquitoes with midgut oocysts is commonly used as an outcome measure, but natural low intensity infections the effect oocyst non-rupture on mosquito infectivity unclear. By identifying ruptured well intact oocysts, we show that P. falciparum i) 66.7–96.7% infected experienced rupture between 11–21 days post-infection, ii) led invariably to sporozoite release, iii)...
Primarily impacting poor, rural populations, the zoonotic malaria Plasmodium knowlesi is now main cause of human within Malaysian Borneo. While data increasingly available on symptomatic cases, little known about community-level patterns exposure and infection. Understanding true burden disease associated risk factors endemic communities critical for informing evidence-based control measures.We conducted comprehensive surveys in three areas where P. transmission reported: Limbuak, Pulau...
BackgroundLand use changes disrupt ecosystems, altering the transmission of vector-borne diseases. These have been associated with increasing incidence zoonotic malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi; however, population-level distributions infection and exposure remain unknown. We aimed to measure prevalence serological P knowlesi assess risk factors.MethodsWe did an environmentally stratified, population-based, cross-sectional survey across households in Kudat, Kota Marudu, Pitas, Ranau...
Abstract Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte kinetics and infectivity may differ between chronic incident infections. In the current study, we assess parasite to mosquitoes among children (aged 5–10 years) from Burkina Faso with (a) infections following clearance ( n = 48) (b) asymptomatic 60). infection cohort, 92% (44/48) of develop symptoms within 35 days, compared 23% (14/60) in cohort. All individuals carried gametocytes or developed them during follow-up, whereas only 35% (17/48) cohort...
Variation in biting frequency by Anopheles mosquitoes can explain some of the heterogeneity malaria transmission endemic areas. In this study Burkina Faso, we assessed natural exposure to matching genotype blood meals from 1066 with residents local households. We observed that distribution mosquito bites exceeded Pareto rule (20/80) two three surveys performed (20/85, 76, and 96) and, at its most pronounced, is estimated have profound epidemiological consequences, inflating basic...
To determine the presence and species composition of malaria infections, we screened a subset samples collected during cross-sectional survey in Northern Sabah, Malaysia using highly sensitive molecular techniques. Results identified 54 asymptomatic submicroscopic including large cluster Plasmodium falciparum 3 P. knowlesi infections. We additionally 2 monoinfections with zoonotic cynomolgi, both individuals reporting no history forest activities or contact macaques. highlight need for...
Motivated by the success in malaria control that was documented over last decade Ethiopia is aiming at elimination 2020 selected districts. It currently unknown if asymptomatic, submicroscopic parasite carriage may form a hurdle to achieve elimination. The effort further be complicated possible glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency which would hinder use of 8-aminoquinolines efforts.In February 2014 community-based cross-sectional survey conducted Malo, southwest Ethiopia....
BackgroundMany health facilities in malaria endemic countries are dependent on Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for diagnosis and some National Health Service (NHS) hospitals without expert microscopists rely them out of hours. The emergence P. falciparum lacking the gene encoding histidine-rich protein 2 3 (HRP2 HRP3) escaping RDT detection threatens progress control elimination. Currently, confirmation negative due to deletion pfhrp2 pfhrp3, which encodes a cross-reactive isoform, requires...
Abstract Background In areas where Plasmodium falciparum malaria is seasonal, a dry season reservoir of blood-stage infection essential for initiating transmission during the following wet season. Methods The Gambia, cohort 42 individuals with quantitative polymerase chain reaction-positive P infections at end (December) were followed monthly until (May) to evaluate persistence. influence human host and parasitological factors was investigated. Results A large proportion infected had...
Abstract Background Informing and evaluating malaria control efforts relies on knowledge of local transmission dynamics. Serological molecular tools have demonstrated great sensitivity to quantify intensity in low endemic settings where the traditional methods is limited. Filter paper blood spots are commonly used a source both DNA antibodies. To enhance operational practicability surveys, method presented for combined extraction antibody elution. Methods were collected as part large...
Abstract Malaria transmission depends on the presence of Plasmodium gametocytes that are only parasite life stage can infect mosquitoes. Gametocyte production varies between infections and over course infections. Infection duration is highly important for gametocyte but poorly quantified. Between 2017 2019 an all-age cohort individuals from Tororo, eastern Uganda was followed by continuous passive routine assessments. We longitudinally monitored 104 incident 98 who were sampled once every 28...
Background: Enteric pathogen exposure is common among young children living in low-income settings and can have short- long-term health consequences. Children between the ages of 6–24 months are particularly vulnerable as they experience increased exposure, including through introduction food water, while their immune systems still developing. The aim this study was to estimate prevalence enteric detection associated food-related risk factors old a densely populated, neighbourhood Nairobi,...
Abstract Artemisinin resistance is rapidly spreading in Southeast Asia. The efficacy of artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) continues to be excellent across Africa. We performed parasite transcriptional profiling and genotyping on samples from an antimalarial treatment trial Uganda. used qRT-PCR characterize residual circulating populations after with either ACT or ACT-primaquine. Transcripts suggestive ring stage parasites were present at a prevalence >25% until least 14 days post...
Background. Mass screening and treatment currently fails to identify a considerable fraction of low parasite density infections, while mass exposes many uninfected individuals antimalarial drugs. Here we test hybrid approach screen sentinel population clusters subpatent infections in the Kenya highlands with low, heterogeneous malaria transmission. Methods. Two thousand eighty-two inhabitants were screened for parasitemia by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Children aged ≤15 years...
ABSTRACT Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme function and genotype were determined in Ugandan children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria enrolled a primaquine trial after exclusion of severe G6PD deficiency by fluorescent spot test. A− heterozygotes hemizygotes/homozygotes experienced dose-dependent lower hemoglobin concentrations treatment. No anemia was observed.
Abstract Background Cholera remains a major global health challenge. Uvira, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has had endemic cholera since 1970’s and been implicated as possible point origin for national outbreaks. A previous study among this population, reported case confirmation rate 40% by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) patients at Uvira Treatment Centre (CTC). This considers prevalence diversity 15 enteric pathogens suspected cases seeking treatment CTC. Methods We used Luminex...
Introduction Light microscopy remains a standard method for detection of malaria parasites in clinical cases but training to expert level requires considerable time. Moreover, excessive workflow causes fatigue and can impact performance. An automated tool could aid clinics with limited access highly skilled microscopists, where case numbers are excessive, or multi-site studies consistency is essential. The EasyScan GO an scanning microscope combined machine learning software designed detect...
Despite progress towards malaria reduction in Peru, measuring exposure low transmission areas is crucial for achieving elimination. This study focuses on two very Loreto (Peruvian Amazon) and aims to determine the relationship between proximity health facilities. Individual data was collected from 38 villages Indiana Belen, including geo-referenced households blood samples microscopy, PCR serological analysis. A segmented linear regression model identified significant changes seropositivity...
Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections often comprise multiple distinct parasite clones. Few datasets have directly assessed infection complexity in humans and mosquitoes they infect. Examining parasites using molecular tools may provide insights into the selective transmissibility of isolates. Using capillary electrophoresis genotyping next generation amplicon sequencing, we analysed human blood midguts that became infected membrane feeding experiments same material two West African...
Abstract Background Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) is a cornerstone of malaria chemoprophylaxis and considered for programmes in the Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). However, SP efficacy threatened by drug resistance, that conferred mutations dhfr dhps genes. The World Health Organization has specified intermittent preventive treatment infants (IPTi) with should be implemented only if prevalence K540E mutation under 50%. There are limited current data on resistance-conferring available from...
Passively collected malaria case data are the foundation for public health decision making. However, because of population-level immunity, infections might not always be sufficiently symptomatic to prompt individuals seek care. Understanding proportion all Plasmodium spp expected detected by system becomes particularly paramount in elimination settings. The aim this study was determine association between and transmission intensity falciparum vivax several global endemic