Geetha Nagaraj
A5070979666- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Global Health and Surgery
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences
2016-2024
Central Laboratory For Agricultural Expert Systems
2024
University of Mysore
2017-2023
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
2023
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research
2023
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
2023
Biotech Park
2015
Abstract Background Klebsiella species, including the notable pathogen K. pneumoniae, are increasingly associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Genome-based surveillance can inform interventions aimed at controlling AMR. However, its widespread implementation requires tools to streamline bioinformatic analyses and public health reporting. Methods We developed web application Pathogenwatch, which implements analytics tailored species for integration visualization of genomic...
Citric acid is one of the extensively used organic acids in many industries. There a worldwide demand for citric consumption due to their industrial applications. It also considered as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) compound. In this review, current developments microbial fermentation processes production have been discussed. food, beverages, milk and sugar processing several biodegradable waste materials are generated large quantities. These include sugarcane bagasse, grape pomace,...
Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a threat to public health in India because of its high dissemination, mortality, and limited treatment options. Its genomic variability reflected the diversity sequence types, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms. This study aims characterize clonal relationships genetic mechanisms CRKP isolates India. Materials Methods We characterized 344 retrospective K. clinical collected from 8 centers...
Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a World Health Organization high-priority antibiotic-resistant pathogen. However, little known about lineages circulating in Nigeria. Methods We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 141 isolated between 2016 and 2018 from clinical specimens at 3 antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) sentinel surveillance tertiary hospitals southwestern conducted silico multilocus sequence typing; AMR gene, virulence plasmid, K O loci profiling; as well phylogenetic...
Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging public health problem. This study explores the specifics of CRKP epidemiology in Colombia based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) National Reference Laboratory at Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS)’s 2013–2017 sample collection. Methods A total 425 isolates from 21 departments were analyzed by HiSeq-X10®Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis was performed, primarily using pipelines...
Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis worldwide. Many different serotypes co-circulate endemically in any one location 1,2 . The extent mechanisms spread vaccine-driven changes fitness antimicrobial resistance remain largely unquantified. Here using geolocated genome sequences from South Africa ( n = 6,910, collected 2000 to 2014), we developed models reconstruct spread, pairing detailed human mobility data genomic data. Separately, estimated the...
Aim: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a major public health concern, particularly in immunocompromised and critically ill patients. Colistin tigecycline are among the last-resort treatment options, while primary driver of CRKP emergence carbapenemase production, especially (KPC) metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). A thorough understanding its resistance mechanisms essential for selecting most effective antimicrobial therapy. This study aimed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy...
Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerge through the modification of core genome loci by interspecies homologous recombinations, and acquisition gene cassettes. Both occurred in otherwise contrasting histories antibiotic-resistant S. lineages PMEN3 PMEN9. A single clade spread globally, evading vaccine-induced immunity frequent serotype switching, whereas locally circulating PMEN9 clades independently gained resistance. repeatedly integrated Tn 916 -type 1207.1 elements,...
Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered a global threat, and novel drug discovery needs to be complemented with systematic standardized epidemiological surveillance. Surveillance data are currently generated using phenotypic characterization. However, due poor scalability, this approach does little for true investigations. There strong case whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enhance the data. To establish AMR surveillance WGS, we developed laboratory implementation that applied...
We report the persistent circulation of third-generation cephalosporin resistant Salmonella Typhi in Mumbai, linked to acquisition and maintenance a previously characterized IncX3 plasmid carrying ESBL gene blaSHV-12 fluoroquinolone resistance qnrB7 genetic context triple mutant also associated with resistance.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a critically important pathogen in the Philippines. Isolates are commonly resistant to at least 2 classes of antibiotics, yet mechanisms and spread its resistance not well studied.A retrospective sequencing survey was performed on carbapenem-, extended spectrum beta-lactam-, cephalosporin-resistant isolated 20 antimicrobial (AMR) surveillance sentinel sites from 2015 through 2017. We characterized 259 isolates using biochemical methods, susceptibility testing,...
Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a significant healthcare challenge due to its multidrug resistance and diverse serotype landscape. This study aimed explore the diversity of 1072 K. association with geographical distribution, disease severity antimicrobial/virulence patterns in India. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on Illumina platform, genomic analysis carried out using Kleborate tool. KL64 (n=264/1072, 26%), KL51 (249/1072, 24%), KL2 (n=88/1072, 8%), O1/O2v1 (n=471/1072, 44%),...
Abstract Performing whole genome sequencing (WGS) for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance offers ability to determine not only antimicrobials which rates are increasing, but also evolutionary mechanisms and transmission routes responsible increase at local, national, global scales. To derive WGS-based outputs, a series processes required, beginning with sample metadata collection, followed by nucleic acid extraction, library preparation, sequencing, analysis. Throughout this pathway...
Members of the lectin receptor-like kinase (LecRLKs) family play a vital role in innate plant immunity. Few members LecRLKs have been characterized rice and Arabidopsis, respectively. However, little literature is available about their against fungal infection cucumber. In this study, 60 putative cucumber LecRLK (CsLecRLK) proteins were identified using genome-wide analysis further into L-type (24) G-type (36) based on domain composition phylogenetic analysis. These allocated to seven...
Abstract Advanced genomics and sequencing technologies are increasingly becoming critical for global health applications such as pathogen antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. Limited resources challenge capacity development in low- middle-income countries (LMICs), with few having facilities adequately trained staff. Training research public experts who directly involved the establishment of offers an effective, but limited, solution to a growing need. Instead, training them impart...
Globally, India has a high burden of pneumococcal disease, and conjugate vaccine (PCV) been rolled out in different phases across the country since May 2017 national infant immunization programme (NIP). To provide baseline for assessing impact on circulating pneumococci India, genetic characterization isolates detected prior to introduction PCV would be helpful. Here we present population genomic study 480 Streptococcus pneumoniae collected from all age groups before (2009-2017), including...
poses a significant healthcare challenge due to its multidrug resistance and diverse serotype landscape. This study aimed explore the diversity of 1072
Precise serotyping of pneumococci is essential for vaccine development, to better understand the pathogenicity and trends drug resistance. Currently used conventional molecular methods are expensive time-consuming, with limited coverage serotypes. An accurate rapid method complete serotypes an urgent necessity. This study describes development application a novel technology that addresses this need.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, targeting 1061 bp cpsB region, amplicon...
Abstract Objectives We reported tet(S/M) in Streptococcus pneumoniae and investigated its temporal spread relation to nationwide clinical interventions. Methods whole-genome sequenced 12 254 pneumococcal isolates from 29 countries on an Illumina HiSeq sequencer. Serotype, multilocus ST antibiotic resistance were inferred genomes. An SNP tree was built using Gubbins. Temporal reconstructed a birth–death model. Results identified 131 none carried other known tet genes. Tetracycline...
In this Supplement, we detail outputs of the National Institute for Health Research Global Unit on Genomic Surveillance Antimicrobial Resistance project, covering practical implementation whole-genome sequencing across our consortium, which consists laboratories in Colombia, India, Nigeria, and Philippines.