Abstract Bone homeostasis is maintained by the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic resorption. Dysregulation of this process leads to multiple diseases, including osteoporosis. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show that global conditional osteoblast knockout a deubiquitinase Otub1 result in low mass poor strength due defects osteogenic differentiation mineralization. Mechanistically, stability FGFR2, crucial regulator...

Improving the poor microenvironment in joint cavity has potential for treating cartilage injury, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), which can modulate cellular behavior, are becoming a new cell-free therapy repair. Here, we used acellular extracellular matrix (ACECM) to prepare 3D scaffolds 2D substrates by low-temperature deposition modeling (LDM) tape casting. We aimed investigate whether MSC-Exos cultured on of different dimensions could improve caused injury...

Due to its unique structure, articular cartilage has limited abilities undergo self-repair after injury. Additionally, the repair of injury always been a difficult problem in field sports medicine. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) great potential for promoting repair. Recent demonstrated most transplanted apoptosis vivo, apoptotic EVs (ApoEVs) are subsequently generated play crucial roles tissue MSCs known...

Almost all herbivorous insects feed on plants and use sucrose as a feeding stimulant, but the molecular basis of their reception remains unclear. Helicoverpa armigera notorious crop pest worldwide mainly feeds reproductive organs many plant species in larval stage, its adult draws nectar. In this study, we determined that sensory neurons located contact chemosensilla maxillary galea were 100–1000 times more sensitive to than those antennae, tarsi, proboscis. Using Xenopus expression system,...

Male moths possess highly sensitive and selective olfactory systems that detect sex pheromones produced by their females. Pheromone receptors (PRs) play a key role in this process. The PR HassOr14b is found to be tuned (Z)−9-hexadecenal, the major sex-pheromone component, Helicoverpa assulta. co-localized with HassOr6 or HassOr16 two sensory neurons within same sensilla. As HarmOr14b, ortholog of closely related species armigera, another chemical (Z)−9-tetradecenal, we study amino acid...

Longitudinal traits, such as milk production traits in dairy cattle, are featured by having phenotypic values at multiple time points, which change dynamically over time. In this study, we first imputed SNP chip (50-100K) data to whole-genome sequence (WGS) a Chinese Holstein population consisting of 6,470 cows. The imputation accuracies were 0.88 0.97 on average after quality control. We then performed longitudinal GWAS based random regression test-day model using the WGS data. revealed 16,...

Abstract Background Reproductive performance of livestock is an economically important aspect global food production. The Chinese Meishan pig a prolific breed, with average three to five more piglets per litter than European breeds; however, the genetic basis for this difference not well understood. Results In study, we investigated copy number variations (CNVs) 32 pigs and 29 Duroc by next-generation sequencing. A genome-wide analysis 61 revealed 12,668 variable regions (CNVRs) that were...

Low-coverage sequencing (LCS) followed by imputation has been proposed as a cost-effective genotyping approach for obtaining genotypes of whole-genome variants. Imputation performance is essential the effectiveness this approach. Several methods have and successfully applied in genomic studies human other species. However, there are few reports on these livestock. Here, we evaluated variety methods, including Beagle v4.1, GeneImp v1.3, GLIMPSE v1.1.0, QUILT v1.0.0, Reveel, STITCH v1.6.5,...

Copy number variation (CNV), as an essential source of genetic variation, can have impact on gene expression, diversity, disease susceptibility, and species evolution in animals. To better understand the weight egg quality traits chickens, this paper aimed to detect CNVs Wenshui green shell-laying chickens conduct a copy regions (CNVRs)-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) identify variants candidate genes associated with their support related breeding efforts. In our paper, we...

The selection and breeding of good meat rabbit breeds are fundamental to their industrial development, genomic (GS) can employ information make up for the shortcomings traditional phenotype-based methods. For practical implementation GS in breeding, it is necessary assess different marker densities models. Here, we obtained low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS) data from 1515 rabbits (including parent herd half-sibling offspring). specific objectives were (1) derive a baseline...

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential for higher-level cognitive functions. How epigenetic dynamics participates in PFC development and aging largely unknown. Here, we profiled epigenomic landscapes of rhesus monkey PFCs from prenatal to stages. chromatin states, including higher-order structure, interaction histone modifications are coordinated regulate stage-specific gene transcription, participating distinct processes neurodevelopment. Dramatic changes signals occur around the birth...

Abstract Background Accurate breed identification is essential for the conservation and sustainable use of indigenous farm animal genetic resources. In this study, we evaluated phylogenetic relationships genomic compositions 13 sheep breeds using SNP InDel data from whole genome sequencing. The included 11 Chinese 2 foreign commercial breeds. We compared different strategies with respect to marker types, i.e. SNPs, InDels, a combination SNPs InDels (named SIs), breed-informative detection...

<title>Abstract</title> Spinal ependymal tumors are a diverse group of neoplasms encompassing three subtypes: spinal ependymoma (SP-EPN), myxopapillary (SP-MPE), and subependymoma (SP-SE). However, the molecular differences among these subtypes remain largely unknown. Here, we identified distinct characteristics each subtype through multi-omics analysis. In grade-2 SP-EPN, abnormal enrichment ciliary signaling, particularly involving MKS complex Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, was evident, suggesting...

Intramuscular fat (IMF) not only directly affects the tenderness, juiciness, and overall flavour of meat but also plays a significant role in influencing consumer preferences for pork. Therefore, exploring key biomarkers that influence IMF deposition is highly important breeding high-quality typical quantitative trait regulated by interaction multiple coding noncoding RNAs. Traditional differential analysis methods typically focus on individual genes, making it difficult to identify genes...

<title>Abstract</title> Introduction The global survival rate of preterm infants has been progressively increasing. However, concerns regarding their long-term prognosis persist. This study aimed to investigate podocyte mRNA loss in 3–5 year-old full-term and children elucidate the role depletion pathogenesis chronic kidney disease (CKD) infants. Methods A total 80 aged years, born at Tianjin Central Hospital Gynecology Obstetrics, were included this study: 42 (gestational age 24–29 weeks)...

<title>Abstract</title> Traditional genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have primarily focused on detecting main genotype effects, often overlooking genotype-environment interactions (GxE), which are essential for understanding context-specific genetic effects and refining disease etiology. Here, we present fastGxE, a scalable effective GxE method designed to identify variants that interact with environmental factors influence traits of interest. fastGxE controls both polygenic...

Abstract Complex traits with multiple phenotypic values changing over time are called longitudinal traits. In traditional genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for traits, a combined/averaged estimated breeding value (EBV) or deregressed proof (DRP) instead of measurements per se each individual was frequently treated as response variable in statistical model. This can result power losses even inflate false positive rates (FPRs) the detection due to failure exploring time-dependent...

Piglet uniformity (PU) and farrowing interval (FI) are important reproductive traits related to production economic profits in the pig industry. However, genetic architecture of longitudinal trends still remains elusive. Herein, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) detect potential variation candidate genes underlying phenotypic records at different parities for PU FI population 884 Large White pigs. In total, 12 significant SNPs were detected on SSC1, 3, 4, 9, 14, which...

Feeding and oviposition deterrents help phytophagous insects to identify host plants. The taste organs of contain bitter gustatory receptors (GRs). To explore their function, the GRs in Plutella xylostella were analyzed. Through RNA sequencing qPCR, we detected abundant PxylGr34 transcripts larval head adult antennae. Functional analyses using Xenopus oocyte expression system 24 diverse phytochemicals showed that is tuned canonical plant hormones brassinolide (BL) 24-epibrassinolide (EBL)....

Abstract DNA methylation changes play essential roles in regulating the activities of genes involved immune responses. Understanding variable linked to responses may contribute identifying biologically promising epigenetic markers for pathogenesis diseases. Here, we generated genome-wide and transcriptomic profiles six pairs polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-treated pig peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples corresponding controls using methylated immunoprecipitation sequencing RNA...

Parasitic wasps rely on olfaction to locate their hosts in complex chemical environments. Odorant receptors (ORs) function together with well-conserved odorant coreceptors (ORcos) determine the sensitivity and specificity of olfactory reception. Campoletis chlorideae (Hymenoptera: Ichneunmonidae) is a solitary larval endoparasitoid cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, some other noctuid species. To understand molecular basis C. chlorideae's reception, we sequenced transcriptome adult male...