Background Toll‐like receptor 3 ( TLR 3) was originally identified as the for viral RNA and represents a major host antiviral defense mechanism. may also recognize extracellular (ex ) released from injured tissues under certain stress conditions. However, role ex in pathogenesis of myocardial ischemic injury has not been tested. This study examined signaling infarction (MI), apoptosis, inflammation, cardiac dysfunction during ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Results Wild‐type WT ),...

Abstract The precursor of brain derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF), the unprocessed BDNF gene product, binds to its receptors and exerts opposing biologic functions mature BDNF. proBDNF is expressed in peripheral tissues but remain elusive. Here we showed that predominant receptor, p75 pan-neurotrophin receptor were upregulated nerve fibers inflammatory cells local tissue pain. Neutralization by polyclonal antibody attenuated pain different models Unilateral intra-plantar supplementation...

A high level of circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) is known to be an important trigger for macrophage apoptosis during the development atherosclerosis. However, underlying mechanism by which FFAs result in not well understood. In cultured human Thp-1 cells, we showed that palmitate (PA), most abundant FFA circulation, induced excessive reactive oxidative substance production, increased malondialdehyde concentration, and decreased ATP levels. Furthermore, PA treatment also led mitochondrial...

AimsEndothelial cell injury induced by inflammatory factors plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of numerous vascular diseases. MicroRNAs are well known to be implicated proliferation and apoptosis responses; however, it remains determined whether microRNAs associated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α-mediated endothelial injury. The aim present study was investigate TNF-α-induced apoptosis.

Sepsis‐induced cardiac dysfunction remains one of the major causes death in intensive care units. Overwhelmed inflammatory response and unrestrained cell play critical roles sepsis‐induced dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐ (PPAR‐) γ has been proven to be cardioprotective sepsis. However, mechanism PPAR‐ ‐mediated cardioprotection its relationship with inflammation are unclear. We hypothesized that activation by reducing inflammation, myocardial apoptosis, necroptosis...

Depression and anxiety are two affective disorders that greatly threaten the mental health of a large population worldwide. Previous studies have shown brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) is involved in development depression. However, it still elusive whether proBDNF anxiety, if so, which brain regions regulate these disorders. The present study aims to investigate role hippocampus depression anxiety. Rat models an anxiety-like phenotype depression-like were established by...

Inappropriate expansion of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is typical systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the regulatory signaling pathogenic ASCs unclear. The present study shows that brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) and its high-affinity pan-75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) are highly expressed in CD19+CD27hiCD38hi patients with SLE CD19+CD44hiCD138+ lupus-like mice. increased proBDNF+ were positively correlated clinical symptoms higher titers autoantibodies SLE....

Epithelial renewal in skin is achieved by the constant turnover and differentiation of keratinocytes. Three popular hypotheses have been proposed to explain basal keratinocyte regeneration epidermal homeostasis: 1) asymmetric division (stem-transit amplifying cell); 2) populational asymmetry (progenitor cell with stochastic fate); 3) stem cells. In this study, we investigated lineage dynamics using these a 3D agent-based model epidermis. The simulated growth maintenance epidermis over three...

BACKGROUND:Neuropathic pain (NPP) arises from a lesion or dysfunction of the somatosensory nervous system. Recent studies have demonstrated multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in NPP development. This study aimed to investigate effects miR-128 on microglial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We established compressive spinal cord injury (SCI) model and collected segment-derived conditioned medium (CM). We then measured expression murine cell line BV2 treated with CM-SCI CM obtained control...

Rationale: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and immune system.However, role of proBDNF pathogenesis multiple sclerosis (MS) unknown.Methods: Peripheral blood post-mortem brain spinal cord specimens were obtained from patients to analyze expression peripheral lymphocytes infiltrating cells lesion site.The profile was also examined experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, polyclonal monoclonal...

To investigate the effect of aroma therapy and music intervention on anxious pain for breast cancer patients in perioperative period potential mechanisms. Methods: A total 100 who received surgical treatment comprehensive hospitals Hunan province were recruited this study. Patients assigned randomly into a control group, an joint-therapy group (n=25 per group). The regular post-surgical nursery, while from other groups therapy, intervention, or both addition to nursery. scale anxiety...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) has been reported to strengthen the dysfunction of monocytes/macrophages in animal studies. However, it is still unknown roles proBDNF monocytes inflammatory diseases humans. In present study, we showed that and pan receptor p75 were significantly upregulated from healthy donors (HD) after lipopolysaccharide treatment. Exogenous treatment CD40 proinflammatory cytokines expression including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis...

The processes involved in the progression of myocardial cells towards hypertrophy and its gradual transition to heart failure represent a multifactorial health disorder. aim this study was identify molecular mechanism(s) underlying abnormal overexpression miR-23b-5p involvement promotion cardiac dysfunction via HMGB2. A type 9 recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV9) employed manipulate expression under conditions thoracic aortic constriction (TAC)-/angiotensin-II (Ang-II)-induced...

Abstract Myocardial infarction is a major cause of death worldwide. Despite our understanding the pathophysiology myocardial and therapeutic options for treatment have improved substantially, acute remains leading morbidity mortality. Recent findings revealed that GRP78 could protect cells against ischemia reperfusion injury‐induced apoptosis, but exact function molecular mechanism unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore effects on hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R)‐induced cardiomyocyte injury....

Myocardial damage is a major consequence and significant contributor to death in cases of sepsis, severe infection characterized by distinct inflammatory response potential threat the patient's life. Recently, effects intestinal microbiota serum metabolites on sepsis have garnered increasing attention. Herein, golden bifid treatment upon cecal ligation puncture (CLP)-induced mice as model for myocardial dysfunction were explored. Our results demonstrated that partially improved apoptosis,...

Previous studies have shown that microglia impact the proliferation and differentiation of neurons during hippocampal neurogenesis via fractalkine/CX3 chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) signaling pathway. However, whether can influence maturation dendritic growth newborn remains unclear. In present study, we found number doublecortin-positive cells in hippocampus was decreased, length intersections were reduced transgenic adult mice with CX3CR1 deficiency (CX3CR1 (GFP/GFP) ). Furthermore, after...

Background . Glucose fluctuation confers additional risks on diabetes-related vascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Macrophage activation mediated by TLR4-JNK signaling plays an important role during progress of diabetes. In present study, we hypothesize that glucose results in macrophage inflammation through pathways. Methods THP-1 cells were treated with normal (5 mM), constant high (25 and intermittent (rotation per 6 h 5 mM or 25 mM) for 24 h. The mRNA protein...

The aim of this study was to identify the role precursor brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (pro‐BDNF) in myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation injury (H/R) and address underlying mechanisms. For purpose, microvascular endothelial cells (MMECs) exposed a high concentration glucose (30 mM) for 48 h were subjected 4 hypoxia followed by 2 reoxygenation. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) staining flow‐cytometric analysis performed detect apoptosis. Cell scratch...

Sepsis remains a worldwide public health problem. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of transcriptional factors (TFs) in sepsis-induced myocardial injury. Firstly, TF KLF13 was selected its The caecal ligation puncture (CLP) -induced sepsis mouse model established septic mice were examined using standard histopathological methods. expression detected heart also seen lipoploysaccharide (LPS) cellular inflammation model. To this further both pro-apoptotic...

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has neuro-protective effects, but the clinical mechanism remains unclear.Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A (control) and B (treated with DEX). Plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) determined in blood samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays at five time points: T1 (baseline), T2 (15 minutes after intubation before surgery was started), T3 (the end surgery), T4 (10 extubation post-anesthesia care unit), T5...

Aims: Although RNA-sequencing has been widely used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as biomarkers guide therapeutic treatment, it is necessary investigate concordance of DEGs identified by microarray and for clinical prognosis. Material & methods: By using The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets, we thoroughly investigated from their molecular functions. Results: both technologies averaged ˜98.6% overlap. cancer-related gene sets were significantly enriched with consistent...