A5019190387- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Plant responses to water stress
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry
2016-2025
In-Q-Tel
2019
Leibniz Association
2005-2015
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
1986-2014
Aberystwyth University
2012
Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
2012
Helmholtz Zentrum München
2012
Center for Environmental Health
2012
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences
2012
Michigan State University
2012
Most terrestrial plants form arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), mutualistic associations with soil fungi of the order Glomeromycota. The obligate biotrophic trade mineral nutrients, mainly phosphate (Pi), for carbohydrates from plants. Under conditions high exogenous supply, when plant can meet its own P requirements without fungus, AM are suppressed, an effect which could be interpreted as active strategy to limit carbohydrate consumption fungus by inhibiting proliferation in roots. However,...
Abstract For more than 400 million years, plants have maintained a mutualistic symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. This evolutionary success can be traced to the role of these fungi in providing mineral nutrients, particularly phosphate. In return, photosynthates are given fungus, which support its obligate biotrophic lifestyle. Although mechanisms involved phosphate transfer been extensively studied, less is known about reciprocal carbon. Here, we present high-affinity...
Abstract Background Identification of genes with invariant levels gene expression is a prerequisite for validating transcriptomic changes accompanying development. Ideally these should be independent the morphogenetic process or environmental condition tested as well methods used RNA purification and analysis. Results In an effort to identify endogenous meeting criteria nine reference (RG) were in two Petunia lines (Mitchell V30). Growth conditions differed Mitchell V30, different isolation...
Abstract In the interaction between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and generalist herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis, little is known about early events in defense signaling their link to downstream phytohormone pathways. S. littoralis oral secretions induced both Ca2+ elevation Arabidopsis. Plant gene expression by revealed up-regulation of a encoding calmodulin-like protein, CML42. Functional analysis cml42 plants more resistance herbivory than wild type, because caterpillars...
Abstract Colonization of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Salome) roots by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith, leads to elevated levels endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and its amino conjugate JA-isoleucine, whereas the level JA precursor, oxophytodienoic acid, remains constant. The rise in jasmonates is accompanied expression genes coding for enzyme biosynthesis (allene oxide synthase) a jasmonate-induced protein (JIP23). In situ hybridization...
Summary The allene oxide cyclase (AOC)‐catalyzed step in jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis is important the wound response of tomato. As shown by treatments with systemin and its inactive analog, analysis 35S::prosysteminsense 35S::prosysteminantisense plants, AOC seems to be activated (and JA) leading elevated formation JA. Data are presented on local following activation generation JA, both vascular bundles. tissue‐specific occurrence protein JA kept upon wounding or other stresses, but...
Allene oxide cyclase (EC 5.3.99.6) catalyzes the stereospecific cyclization of an unstable allene to (9<i>S</i>,13<i>S</i>)<i>-</i>12-oxo-(10,15<i>Z</i>)-phytodienoic acid, ultimate precursor jasmonic acid. This dimeric enzyme has previously been purified, and two almost identical N-terminal peptides were found, suggesting be a homodimeric protein. Furthermore, native protein was N-terminally processed. Using degenerate primers, polymerase chain reaction fragment could generated from tomato,...
Summary A crucial step in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) is formation its correct stereoisomeric precursor, cis (+)12‐oxophytodienoic (OPDA). This catalysed by allene oxide cyclase (AOC), which has been recently cloned from tomato . In stems, young leaves and flowers, AOC mRNA accumulates to a low level , contrasting with high accumulation flower buds, stalks roots. The levels protein distinct organs correlate activity, elevated JA, OPDA JA isoleucine conjugate. These compounds...
Chain elongated, methionine (Met)-derived glucosinolates are a major class of secondary metabolites in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The key enzymatic step determining the length chain is condensation acetyl-coenzyme A with series omega-methylthio-2-oxoalkanoic acids, catalyzed by methylthioalkylmalate (MAM) synthases. existence two MAM synthases has been previously reported ecotype Columbia: MAM1 and MAM3 (formerly known as MAM-L). Here, we describe biochemical properties enzyme,...
Adventitious root formation (ARF) in the model plant Petunia hybrida cv. Mitchell has been analysed terms of anatomy, gene expression, enzymatic activities and levels metabolites. This study focuses on involvement wound response primary metabolism. Microscopic techniques were complemented with targeted transcript, enzyme metabolite profiling using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Northern blot, assays, chromatography mass spectrometry. Three days after severance from stock plants,...
Attempted infection of plants by pathogens elicits a complex defensive response. In many non-host and incompatible host interactions it includes the induction defence-associated genes form localized cell death (LCD), purportedly designed to restrict pathogen advance, collectively known as hypersensitive response (HR). It is preceded an oxidative burst, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are proposed cue subsequent deployment HR, although neither origin nor precise role played ROS...
Abstract Root hairs are extensions of root epidermal cells and a model system for directional tip growth plant cells. A previously uncharacterized Arabidopsis thaliana phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase gene (PIP5K3) was identified found to be expressed in the cortex, cells, hairs. Recombinant PIP5K3 protein catalytically active converted phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]. mutant plants homozygous T-DNA–disrupted alleles were compromised hair formation, phenotype...
Abstract During the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices, an endogenous increase in jasmonic acid (JA) occurs. Two full-length cDNAs coding for JA-biosynthetic enzyme allene oxide cyclase (AOC) from M. truncatula, designated as MtAOC1 MtAOC2, were cloned characterized. The AOC protein was localized plastids found to occur constitutively all vascular tissues of truncatula. In leaves roots, MtAOCs are expressed upon JA...
Phytohormones are the key metabolites participating in regulation of multiple functions plant organism. Among them, jasmonates, as well abscisic and salicylic acids responsible for triggering modulating reactions targeted against pathogens herbivores, resistance to abiotic stress (drought, UV-irradiation mechanical wounding). These factors induce dramatic changes phytohormone biosynthesis transport leading rapid local systemic responses. Understanding underlying mechanisms is principle...
Salinity stress represents a global constraint for rice, the most important staple food worldwide. Therefore role of central signal jasmonate salt response was analysed in rice comparing responses to two jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis mutants (cpm2 and hebiba) impaired function ALLENE OXIDE CYCLASE (AOC) their wild type. The aoc were less sensitive stress. Interestingly, both accumulated smaller amounts Na+ ions leaves, showed better scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) under Leaves...
The functions of the minor phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] during vegetative plant growth remain obscure. Here, we targeted two related phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases (PI4P 5-kinases) PIP5K1 and PIP5K2, which are expressed ubiquitously in Arabidopsis thaliana. A pip5k1 pip5k2 double mutant with reduced PtdIns(4,5)P2 levels showed dwarf stature phenotypes suggesting defects auxin distribution. roots had normal but transport altered...