A5040036944- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Immune cells in cancer
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Phytase and its Applications
- Cassava research and cyanide
- Biochemical Acid Research Studies
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
2015-2024
Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology
2009-2013
BOKU University
2007-2013
Goethe University Frankfurt
1993-2013
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases
2012
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
2011
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology
2011
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2006
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
2006
Donauspital
2004
Microbial metabolites are known to modulate immune responses of the host. The main derived from microbial fermentation dietary fibers in intestine, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), affect local and systemic functions. Here we show that SCFA regulators osteoclast metabolism bone mass vivo. Treatment mice with as well feeding a high-fiber diet significantly increases prevents postmenopausal inflammation-induced loss. protective effects on associated inhibition differentiation resorption vitro...
Chromosomal rearrangements of the human MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) gene are associated with high-risk infant, pediatric, adult and therapy-induced acute leukemias. We used long-distance inverse-polymerase chain reaction to characterize chromosomal rearrangement individual leukemia patients. present data molecular characterization 1590 MLL-rearranged biopsy samples obtained from The precise localization genomic breakpoints within involved translocation partner genes (TPGs) were determined...
Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have immunomodulatory effects, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here we show that pentanoate, a physiologically abundant SCFA, is potent regulator of immunometabolism. Pentanoate induces IL-10 production in lymphocytes by reprogramming their metabolic activity towards elevated glucose oxidation. Mechanistically, this mediated supplying additional pentanoate-originated acetyl-CoA for histone acetyltransferases, and...
Adventitious root formation (ARF) in the model plant Petunia hybrida cv. Mitchell has been analysed terms of anatomy, gene expression, enzymatic activities and levels metabolites. This study focuses on involvement wound response primary metabolism. Microscopic techniques were complemented with targeted transcript, enzyme metabolite profiling using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Northern blot, assays, chromatography mass spectrometry. Three days after severance from stock plants,...
Summary Beneficial effects elicited by the root endophyte Piriformospora indica are widely known, but mechanism which these achieved is still unclear. It proposed that phytohormones produced fungal symbiont play a crucial role in interaction with plant roots. Biochemical analyses of underlying biosynthetic pathways for auxin production have shown that, on tryptophan feeding, P. can produce indole‐3‐acetic acid ( IAA ) and indole‐3‐lactate ILA through intermediate indole‐3‐pyruvic IPA ). Time...
Abstract Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is a signaling metabolite that regulates carbon metabolism, developmental processes, and growth in plants. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), T6P is, at least part, mediated through inhibition of the SNF1-related protein kinase SnRK1. To investigate role heterotrophic, starch-accumulating storage organ, transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants with altered levels specifically their tubers were generated. Transgenic lines elevated (B33-TPS,...
The aim of the present study was to assess possible adverse effects transgene expression in leaves field-grown barley relative influence genetic background and effect plant interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conducted transcript profiling, metabolome metabolic fingerprinting wild-type accessions transgenics seed-specific (1,3-1, 4)-beta-glucanase (GluB) Baronesse (B) as well Golden Promise (GP) ubiquitous codon-optimized Trichoderma harzianum endochitinase (ChGP). found more...
Abstract Alcohol consumption is a consistent protective factor for the development of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The underlying mechanism this tolerance-inducing effect alcohol, however, unknown. Here we show that alcohol and its metabolite acetate alter functional state T follicular helper (T FH ) cells in vitro vivo, thereby exerting immune regulatory properties. Alcohol-exposed mice have reduced Bcl6 PD-1 expression well IL-21 production by cells, preventing...
To elucidate the function of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) during B cell differentiation, we employ CD23Cre-driven expression dominant-negative K320E mutant mitochondrial helicase Twinkle (DNT). DNT-expression depletes DNA maturation, reduces abundance respiratory chain protein subunits encoded by DNA, and, consequently, super-complexes in activated cells. Whereas development DNT mice is normal, proliferation, germinal centers, class switch to IgG, plasma and T cell-dependent as well...
Metabolic changes are crucially involved in osteoclast development and may contribute to bone degradation rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The enzyme aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) is known link the cellular function of monocyte-derived macrophages their metabolic status. As osteoclasts derive from monocyte lineage, we hypothesised a role for Acod1 its metabolite itaconate differentiation arthritis-associated loss.
Abstract The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is the causal agent of corn smut disease and induces tumor formation during biotrophic growth in its host maize (Zea mays). We have conducted a combined metabolome transcriptome survey infected leaves between 1 d post infection (dpi) 8 dpi, representing leaf primordia fully developed tumors, respectively. At 4 we observed substantial increase contents nitrogen-rich amino acids glutamine asparagine, while activities enzymes involved primary nitrogen...
Abstract Potato is an important staple food with increasing popularity worldwide. Elevated temperatures significantly impair tuber yield and quality. Breeding heat‐tolerant cultivars therefore urgent need to ensure sustainable potato production in the future. An integrated approach combining physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology was undertaken contribute a better understanding of heat effects on source‐ (leaves) sink‐organs (tubers) heat‐susceptible cultivar. experimental set‐up...
Chronic inflammatory diseases are often initiated and guided by the release of proinflammatory mediators. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is caused an imbalance between pro- anti-inflammatory mediators in joints, thereby favoring chronic inflammation joint damage. Here, we investigate if short-term high-fiber dietary intervention shifts this towards Healthy controls (n = 10) RA patients 29) under routine care received daily bars for 15 or 30 days, respectively. Stool sera were analyzed A resulted...
Plant roots are inhabited by microbial communities called the root microbiota, which supports plant growth and health. We show in a maize field study that microbiota consists of stable dynamic members. The dynamics community appear to be driven changes metabolic state over life cycle maize.
ABSTRACT Reptile-associated Salmonella infections are an increasing problem for humans. We have prospectively screened two breeding groups of 16 pet snakes colonization with species. Various serovars S. enterica subsp. diarizonae were found in 81% the snakes. To avoid transmission, strict hygienic precautions should be applied when reptiles handled.
Nerve growth factor (NGF) regulates sensory neuron phenotype by elevated expression of ion channels and receptors contributing to pain. Peripheral opioid antinociception is dependent on mu receptor (MOR) expression, coupling efficacy. This study investigates the role NGF in upregulation number efficacy MORs rendering sites painful inflammation more susceptible opioids. We identified co-localization MOR with calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) tyrosine kinase (TrkA) p75(NTR) within rat...
Sucrose (Suc)-phosphate synthase (SPS) catalyses one of the rate-limiting steps in synthesis Suc plants. The Arabidopsis genome contains four annotated SPS genes which can be grouped into three different families (SPSA1, SPSA2, SPSB, and SPSC). However, functional significance this multiplicity is as yet only poorly understood. All isoforms show enzymatic activity when expressed yeast although there variation sensitivity towards allosteric effectors. Promoter–reporter gene analyses...
Abstract Osteoclasts are specialised bone resorbing cells that control both physiological and pathological turnover. Functional changes in the differentiation activity of osteoclasts accompanied by active metabolic reprogramming. However, biological significance vivo relevance these events has remained unclear. Here we show resorption differentiated heavily relies on increased aerobic glycolysis glycolysis-derived lactate production. While pharmacological inhibition did not affect osteoclast...
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, HFA1, encodes a >250-kDa protein, which is required for mitochondrial function. Hfa1p exhibits 72% overall sequence similarity (54% identity) to ACC1-encoded yeast cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Nevertheless, HFA1 and ACC1 functions are not overlapping because mutants of the two genes have different phenotypes do complement each other. Whereas involved in fatty acid synthesis, phenotype hfa1Δ disruptants resembles that fatty-acid synthase mutants. They...
The plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii induces syncytial feeding structures in the roots of host plants. Nematode-induced syncytia become strong sink tissues solute circulation system as parasites start withdrawing nutrients. In present work, expression pattern phloem-specific sucrose transporter AtSUC4 (also described AtSUT4) is analysed induced by H. and it compared with that AtSUC2, another transporter, which expressed syncytia. temporal was monitored GUS-tests real-time...
Plasmodesmata (PD) are microscopic pores connecting plant cells and enable cell-to-cell transport. Currently, little information is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating PD formation development. To uncover components of development we made use 17 kDa movement protein (MP17) encoded by Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). The required for localises to complex PD. Forward genetic screening Arabidopsis mutants with altered binding MP17 revealed several mutant lines, while genetics,...