A5083851613- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Insect and Pesticide Research
Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
2016-2025
Université de Strasbourg
2024-2025
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2024-2025
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes
2024-2025
Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology
2013-2024
Giessen School of Theology
2008-2022
University of Udine
2012
University of Würzburg
2011
University of Graz
2011
Metropolitan University
2011
Disease resistance strategies are powerful approaches to sustainable agriculture because they reduce chemical input into the environment. Recently, Piriformospora indica , a plant-root-colonizing basidiomycete fungus, has been discovered in Indian Thar desert and was shown provide strong growth-promoting activity during its symbiosis with broad spectrum of plants [Verma, S. et al. (1998) Mycologia 90, 896-903]. Here, we report on potential P. induce fungal diseases tolerance salt stress...
Fusarium head blight epidemics of wheat and barley cause heavy economic losses to farmers due yield decreases production mycotoxin that renders the grain useless for flour malt products. No highly resistant cultivars are available at present. Hyphae germinating fungal spores use different paths infection: After germination extruded tip an ovary, hyphae travel along epicarp in space between lemma palea. Infection developing kernel proceeds through epicarp, successively destroying layers fruit...
The root endophytic basidiomycete Piriformospora indica has been shown to increase resistance against biotic stress and tolerance abiotic in many plants. Biochemical mechanisms underlying P. indica-mediated salt were studied barley (Hordeum vulgare) with special focus on antioxidants. Physiological markers for stress, such as metabolic activity, fatty acid composition, lipid peroxidation, ascorbate concentration activities of catalase, peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase,...
Meeting the increasing food and energy demands of a growing population will require development ground-breaking strategies that promote sustainable plant production. Host-induced gene silencing has shown great potential for controlling pest diseases in crop plants. However, while delivery inhibitory noncoding double-stranded (ds)RNA by transgenic expression is promising concept, it requires generation plants which may cause substantial delay application depending on transformability genetic...
Fungi of the recently defined order Sebacinales (Basidiomycota) are involved in a wide spectrum mutualistic symbioses (including mycorrhizae) with various plants, thereby exhibiting unique potential for biocontrol strategies. The axenically cultivable root endophyte Piriformospora indica is model organism this fungal order. It able to increase biomass and grain yield crop plants. In barley, induces local systemic resistance diseases abiotic stress. To elucidate lifestyle P. , we analyzed its...
Recent sequencing projects have provided deep insight into fungal lifestyle-associated genomic adaptations. Here we report on the 25 Mb genome of mutualistic root symbiont Piriformospora indica (Sebacinales, Basidiomycota) and provide a global characterization transcriptional responses associated with colonization living dead barley roots. Extensive comparative analysis P. other Basidiomycota Ascomycota fungi that diverse lifestyle strategies identified features typically both, biotrophism...
We analyzed the pathogenesis-related generation of H2O2 using microscopic detection 3,3-diaminobenzidine polymerization in near-isogenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines carrying different powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) resistance genes, and a line expressing chemically activated after treatment with 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (DCINA). Hypersensitive cell death Mla12 Mlg genotypes or chemical activation by DCINA was associated accumulation throughout attacked cells....
Significance We demonstrate that host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) targeting the fungal sterol 14α-demethylase ( CYP51 ) genes restricts Fusarium infection in plants. diseases have a significant impact not only on global grain production, but also food safety because of contamination with mycotoxins. capitalized knowledge demethylation inhibitor fungicides target cytochrome P450 lanosterol C-14α-demethylase. In graminearum Fg ), this enzyme is encoded by three paralogous genes. Transgenic...
Piriformospora indica is a root-colonizing basidiomycete that confers wide range of beneficial traits to its host. The fungus shows biotrophic growth phase in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots followed by cell death-associated colonization phase, strategy that, our knowledge, has not yet been reported for this plant. P. evolved an extraordinary capacity plant root colonization. Its broad host spectrum encompasses gymnosperms and monocotyledonous as well dicotyledonous angiosperms,...
We analyzed the requirement of specific defense pathways for powdery mildew (Golovinomyces orontii) resistance induced by basidiomycete Piriformospora indica in Arabidopsis. root colonization reduced G. orontii conidia wild-type (Col-0), npr1-3 (nonexpressor PR genes 1-3) and NahG plants, but not npr1-1 null mutant. Therefore, cytoplasmic nuclear localization NPR1 is required P. indica-induced resistance. Two jasmonate signaling mutants were non-responsive to indica, jasmonic acid-responsive...
Abstract Plant-defense responses are triggered by perception of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), for example, flagellin or peptidoglycan. However, it remained unknown whether plants can detect derived from plant-parasitic animals, including nematodes. Here we show that several genera nematodes produce small molecules called ascarosides, an evolutionarily family nematode pheromones. Picomolar to micromolar concentrations ascr#18, the major ascaroside in nematodes,...
In vertebrates and plants, dsRNA plays crucial roles as PAMP a mediator of RNAi. How higher fungi respond to is not known. We demonstrate that Magnaporthe oryzae (Mo), globally significant crop pathogen, internalizes across broad size range 21 about 3000 bp. Incubation fungal conidia with 10 ng/µL dsRNA, regardless or sequence, induced aberrant germ tube elongation, revealing strong sequence-unspecific effect in this fungus. Accordingly, the synthetic analogue poly(I:C) various sizes...
Summary Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph Cochliobolus sativus ) is the causal agent of common root rot, leaf spot disease, seedling blight, head and black point wheat barley. The fungus one most serious foliar disease constraints for both crops in warmer growing areas causes significant yield losses. High temperature high relative humidity favour outbreak particular South Asia's intensive ‘irrigated wheat–rice’ production systems. In this article, we review taxonomy worldwide distribution,...
Localized cell wall modification and accumulation of antimicrobial compounds beneath sites fungal attack are common mechanisms for plant resistance to penetration. In barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves, light-microscopically visible vesicle-like bodies (VLBs) containing H(2)O(2) or phenolics frequently accumulate around appositions (syn. papillae), in which the penetration attempt biotrophic powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) is halted. By ultrastructural analyses, we...
In search of new durable disease resistance traits in barley to control leaf spot blotch caused by the necrotrophic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus), we developed macroscopic and microscopic scales judge development on barley. Infection was associated with cell wall penetration accumulation hydrogen peroxide. The latter appeared take place swellings under fungal attempts as well during death provoked pathogen. Additionally, tested influence a compromised Mlo...
Recessive alleles of the barley Mlo locus confer non-race-specific resistance against powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). Recently gene has been isolated and it was suggested that product is a negative regulator cell death. Thus, loss function can precondition cells to higher responsiveness for onset multiple defense functions. Here, we document an enhanced susceptibility mlo mutants rice blast Magnaporthe grisea. The disease phenotype independent cultivar in which...
Summary Fungi of the order Sebacinales (Basidiomycota) are involved in a wide spectrum mutualistic symbioses with various plants, thereby exhibiting unique potential for biocontrol strategies. Piriformospora indica , model organism this fungal order, is able to increase biomass and grain yield crop induces local systemic resistance diseases tolerance abiotic stress. To elucidate molecular basis root colonization, we characterized interaction P. barley roots by combining global gene...