Melatonin has emerged as a research highlight regarding its important role in regulating plant growth and the adaptation to environmental stresses. In this study, we investigated how melatonin prevented cadmium toxicity wheat seedlings. The results demonstrated that induced expression of biosynthesis-related genes cause significant increase endogenous level. treatment drastically alleviated toxicity, resulting increased height, biomass accumulation, root growth. Cadmium senescence...

Strigolactone (SL), auxin and cytokinin (CK) interact to regulate shoot branching. CK has long been considered be the only key phytohormone promote lateral bud outgrowth. Here we report that gibberellin also acts as a positive regulator in control of branching woody plant Jatropha curcas. We show synergistically outgrowth, both hormones influence expression putative regulators, J. curcas BRANCHED1 BRANCHED2, which are transcription factors maintaining dormancy. Moreover, treatment with...

Although the quiescent center (QC) is crucial to root development, molecular mechanisms that regulate its postembryonic maintenance remain obscure. In this study, a semi-dominant mutant exhibits pleiotropic defects in tissues, which includes cap, lateral and crown roots, was isolated. The characterized by loss of QC identity during displayed result from stabilizing mutation domain II OsIAA23 (Os06g39590). Expression specific tip development primary, roots. Consistent with expression QC,...

(1) Background: Aflatoxin contamination in food and grain poses serious problems both for economic development public health protection, thus leading to a focus on an effective approach control it; (2) Methods: B₁ (AFB₁) degrading bacteria were isolated using medium containing coumarin as the sole carbon source, biodegradation of AFB₁ by isolate was examined high performance liquid chromatography, chromatography mass spectrometry; (3) Results: bacterial strain exhibiting strong AFB1...

In this study, a bacterial strain exhibiting high selenite (Na₂SeO₃) tolerance and reduction capacity was isolated from the gut of Monochamus alternatus larvae identified as Alcaligenes faecalis Se03. The isolate exhibited extreme to (up 120 mM) when grown aerobically. liquid culture medium, it capable reducing nearly 100% 1.0 5.0 mM Na₂SeO₃ within 24 42 h, respectively, leading formation selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated that...

Karrikins are reported to stimulate seed germination, regulate seedling growth, and increase the vigor in abiotic-stress conditions plants. Nevertheless, how karrikins alleviate abiotic stress, remains largely elusive. In this study, we found that karrikin (KAR1) could significantly both drought salt stress important oil plant Sapium sebiferum. KAR1 supplementation growth medium at nanomolar (nM) concentration was enough recover germination under osmotic conditions. One nM improved seedlings...

Jatropha curcas, whose seed content is approximately 30–40% oil, an ideal feedstock for producing biodiesel and bio-jet fuels. However, plants have a low number of female flowers, which results in yield that cannot meet the needs biofuel industry. Thus, increasing flowers critical improvement yield. Our previous findings showed cytokinin treatment can increase flower to male ratio also induce bisexual Jatropha. The mechanisms underlying influence on development sex determination, however,...

Cytokinin (CK) is the primary hormone that positively regulates axillary bud outgrowth. However, in many woody plants, such as Jatropha curcas, gibberellin (GA) also promotes shoot branching. The molecular mechanisms underlying GA and CK interaction regulation of outgrowth remain unclear. To determine how young buds respond to GA3 6-benzyladenine (BA), we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis seedlings treated with or BA. Two hundred fifty genes were identified be co-regulated...

Jatropha curcas L. is a potential biofuel plant. Application of exogenous cytokinin (6-benzyladenine, BA) on its inflorescence buds can significantly increase the number female flowers, thereby improving seed yield. To investigate which genes and signal pathways are involved in response to J. buds, we monitored transcriptional activity inflorescences at 0, 3, 12, 24, 48 h after BA treatment using microarray. We detected 5,555 differentially expressed transcripts over course experiment, could...

Recent studies have demonstrated that strigolactones (SLs) also participate in the regulation of stress adaptation; however, regulatory mechanism remains elusive. In this study, homolog More Axillary Branches 2, which encodes a key component SL signaling, perennial oil plant Sapium sebiferum was identified and functionally characterized Arabidopsis. The results showed expression SsMAX2 S. seedlings stress-responsive, overexpression (OE) Arabidopsis significantly promoted resistance to...

Most germplasms of the biofuel plant Jatropha curcas are monoecious. A gynoecious genotype J. was found, whose male flowers aborted at early stage inflorescence development. To investigate regulatory mechanism transition from monoecious to plants, a comparative transcriptome analysis between and inflorescences were performed. total 3,749 genes differentially expressed in two developmental stages identified. Among them, 32 involved floral development, 70 phytohormone biosynthesis signaling...

KARRIKINS INSENSITIVE2 ( KAI2 ) is the receptor gene for karrikins, recently found to be involved in seed germination, hypocotyl development, and alleviation of salinity osmotic stresses. Nevertheless, whether could regulate cold tolerance remains elusive. In present study, we identified that Arabidopsis mutants had a high mortality rate, while overexpression of, bioenergy plant, Sapium sebiferum SsKAI2 significantly recovered plants after stress. The results showed lines (OEs) increased...

Vernicia fordii is a monoecious and diclinous species with male female flowers on the same inflorescence. Low to flower ratio one of main reasons for low yield in this species. However, little known its floral development sex determination. Here, according results scanning electron microscopy histological analysis, V. was divided into 12 stages first morphological divergence between found occur at stage 7. The are always unisexual, but present bisexual characteristics, sterile stamen...

Abstract The definition of a quiescent centre ( QC ) in Arabidopsis has been adequately demonstrated. However, the structure rice not yet described detail. In this research, using histological and marker gene expression analysis, we concluded that is very small, similar to . Next investigated stability during nutrient deficiencies or external hormone treatments, found deficiencies, auxin treatment cytokinin did change cell patterns ethylene induced irregular transverse divisions changed...

Sapium sebiferum, whose seeds contain high level of fatty acids, has been considered as one the most important oil plants. However, male to female flower ratio limited seed yield improvement and its industrial potentials. Thus, study sex determination in S. sebiferum is significant importance increasing yield. In this study, we demonstrated that cytokinin (CK) had strong feminization effects on floral development. Exogenous application with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ)...

Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) phosphatase (TPP), a dephosphorylating enzyme, catalyzes the dephosphorylation of T6P, generating trehalose. In Jatropha, we found six members TPP family. Five them JcTPPA, JcTPPC, JcTPPD, JcTPPG, and JcTPPJ are highly expressed in female flowers or male flowers, both, suggesting that JcTPP family may participate flower development Jatropha. The wide expression gene various organs implied its versatile roles thus was chosen for unraveling biological functions...

TCP transcription factors play important roles in diverse aspects of plant development as transcriptional activators or repressors. However, the functional mechanisms TCPs are not well understood, especially cotton fibers. Here, we identified a total 37 non-redundant proteins from diploid ( Gossypium raimondii ), which showed great diversity expression profile. GrTCP11, an ortholog AtTCP11, was preferentially expressed anthers and during fiber initiation secondary cell wall synthesis stages....

Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum L.) is a promising landscape and bioenergy plant. Measuring gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) can provide valuable information on function. Stably expressed reference genes for normalization are prerequisite ensuring the accuracy of target level among different samples. However, in have not been systematically validated. In this study, 12 candidate (18S, GAPDH, UBQ, RPS15, SAND, TIP41, 60S, ACT7, PDF2, APT, TBP,...

Sapium sebiferum , an ornamental and bio-energetic plant, is propagated by seed. Its seed coat contains germination inhibitors takes a long time to stratify for germination. In this study, we discovered that the S. (especially tegmen) endospermic cap (ESC) contained high levels of proanthocyanidins (PAs). Seed ESC removal induced germination, whereas exogenous application with extract (SCE) or PAs significantly inhibited process, suggesting in played major role regulating . We further...