A5027415610- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Food Quality and Safety Studies
The University of Texas at Austin
2017-2025
Cornell University
2014-2022
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
2017-2022
Gangneung–Wonju National University
2015
Korea University
2008-2012
Dankook University
2012
National Institute of Animal Science
2008
Yonsei University
2008
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a Δ4-desaturated C22 fatty and the limiting highly unsaturated (HUFA) in neural tissue. The biosynthesis of docosanoid acids 22:6n-3 22:5n-6 are believed to proceed via circuitous biochemical pathway requiring repeated use desaturase 2 (FADS2) protein perform Δ6 desaturation on C24 endoplasmic reticulum followed by 1 round β-oxidation peroxisomes. We demonstrate here that FADS2 gene product can directly Δ4-desaturate 22:5n-3→22:6n-3 22:4n-6→22:5n-6. Human MCF-7...
Long-chain PUFAs (LCPUFAs) occur in foods primarily the natural lipid classes, triacylglycerols (TAGs) or phospholipids (PLs). We studied relative efficacy of neural omega-3 DHA provided formula to growing piglets as a dose (13)C-DHA bound either TAG phosphatidylcholine (PC). Piglets were assigned identical formula-based diets from early life and with TAG-(13)C-DHA PC-(13)C-DHA orally at 16 days. Days later, piglet organs analyzed for other FA metabolites. was 1.9-fold more efficacious brain...
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are bioactive components of membrane phospholipids and serve as substrates for signaling molecules. LCPUFA can be obtained directly from animal foods or synthesized endogenously 18 carbon precursors via the FADS2 coded enzyme. Vegans rely almost exclusively on endogenous synthesis to generate we hypothesized that an adaptive genetic polymorphism would confer advantage. The rs66698963 polymorphism, a 22-bp insertion–deletion within FADS2, is...
Oxidative stress plays a central role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Iron, potent generator of hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton reaction, has been implicated AMD. One easily oxidized molecule is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), most abundant polyunsaturated fatty photoreceptor membranes. Oxidation DHA produces toxic oxidation products including carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) adducts, which are increased retinas AMD patients. In this study, we hypothesized that deuterium substitution on...
Background/Objectives: Neuroblastoma is a genetically diverse, highly metastatic pediatric cancer accounting for 15% of childhood deaths despite only having ~8% incidence. The current standard care high-risk diseases genotoxic. This, combined with less than 50% survival in and an abysmal 5% relapsed cases, makes discovering novel, effective, toxic treatments essential. Methods: A prophylactic syngeneic mouse model was used to test high-dose lipid-mediator unsaturated fatty acids on...
Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3) supplementation in humans causes eicosapentaenoic (20:5n‐3) levels to rise plasma, but not neural tissue where 22:6n‐3 is the major omega‐3 phospholipids. We determined whether neuronal cells (Y79 and SK ‐N‐ SH ) metabolize differently from non‐neuronal ( MCF 7 HepG2). observed that 13 C‐labeled was primarily esterified into cell lipids. also retroconversion of 20:5n‐3 5‐ 6‐fold greater non‐neural compared predominated over elongation tetracosahexaenoic...
This study was performed to discover bifidobacteria isolated from human intestines that optimally convert linoleic acid (LA) conjugated (CLA) and optimize the culture conditions of milk fermentation. One hundred fifty neonatal were screened for CLA-producing ability, Bifidobacterium breve LMC 017 selected as it showed about 90% conversion free LA in MRS broth. The strain resistance at 0.5% microaerophillic conditions. When monolinolein (LA 90%) used a substrate CLA production, rate lower...
There is concern that the PUFA composition of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) for treatment severe acute malnutrition (SAM) suboptimal neurocognitive recovery. We tested hypothesis RUTF made with reduced amounts linoleic acid, achieved using high-oleic (HO) peanuts without added DHA (HO-RUTF) or (DHA-HO-RUTF), improves cognition when compared standard (S-RUTF). A triple-blind, randomized, controlled clinical feeding trial was conducted among children uncomplicated SAM in Malawi 3 types...
Monounsaturated normal fatty acids (n-MUFA) and saturated branched chain (BCFA) are structurally characterized by separate tandem mass spectrometry methods for double bond localization branching in their respective acid methyl ester (FAME) derivatives; however, these have never been applied to monounsaturated FAME. Here, we report application of electron ionization (EI)-MS/MS solvent-mediated covalent adduct chemical (CACI)-MS/MS BCFA esters (MUBCFAME) a length 15–20 carbons. A novel system...
MYCN amplification (MNA) and disruption of tumor suppressor microRNA (TSmiR) function are key drivers poor outcomes in neuroblastoma (NB). While TSmiRs regulate glucose metabolism, their role de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS) unsaturated FAS (UFAS) remains poorly understood. Here, we show that UFAS (U/FAS) genes FASN, ELOVL6, SCD, FADS2, FADS1 upregulated high-risk (HR) NB expression is associated with lower overall survival. RNA-Seq analysis human cell lines revealed parallel U/FAS gene...
This study was performed to characterize the CLA production ability of a bacterial strain, Bifidobacterium breve LMC 520, which can actively convert linoleic acid (LA) cis-9,trans-11 conjugated (CLA), major isomer derived from microbial enzymatic conversion. The culture conditions were optimized improve under aerobic conditions. B. 520 tested with different amounts LA in varied conditions, such as air, additives, and pH. A maximal level (up 90% substrate) obtained after 24 h incubation...
Abstract Beige adipocytes are induced by cold temperatures or β3-adrenergic receptor (Adrb3) agonists. They create heat through glucose and fatty acid (FA) oxidation, conferring metabolic benefits. The distinct shared mechanisms which these treatments induce beiging unknown. Here, we perform single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq) on adipose tissue from mice exposed to an Adrb3 agonist identify cellular accessibility dynamics during beiging. Both...
This study was performed to characterize natural CLnA isomer production by Bifidobacterium breve LMC520 of human origin in comparison conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production. B. found be highly active terms production, which the major portion identified as cis-9,trans-11,cis-15 GC-MS and NMR analysis. incubated for 48 h using MRS medium (containing 0.05% l-cysteine·HCl) under different environmental conditions such atmosphere, pH, substrate concentration. The high conversion rate...
Conjugated linolenic acids (CLnAs) are natural phytochemicals with known and potential bioactivities in mammals. Established CLnA sources limited to a few common fruit seeds, notably pomegranate seeds cherry pits, the search for alternatives is impeded part by cumbersome methods reliable measurement. We investigated contents lower value recently available facile mass spectrometry method, solvent-mediated chemical ionization, enabling quantitative analysis. report first time detection of...
This study investigated the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), in form free fatty (FFA-CLA) or triacylglycerol (TG-CLA), on serum and liver lipid composition gene expression associated with lipogenesis β-oxidation high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Animals were fed a control diet, HFD, HFD supplemented 2% FFA-CLA, TG-CLA for 8 weeks. Supplementation both forms CLA significantly reduced weights whole body adipose tissue was positively significant enlargement....
Saturated branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) terminating with either a prop‐2‐yl ( iso ) or sec‐butan‐2‐yl anteiso group are common bioactive food components consumed from beef, fish, and dairy products. Little is known about the endogenous metabolism of BCFA enzymes mediating their interconversions. By using transient transfection studies, we report for first time substrate specificity elongase very long (ELOVL)1‐7 toward ‐15:0 ‐18:0, assessed competition between normal saturated (n‐SFA)....
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on endurance exercise and availability metabolic substrates in mice. Four-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomized a control group (normal diet) CLA diet + 1% CLA). Each animal received its respective for 10 weeks subjected forced running treadmill system estimate their maximum capacity at end experiment. All immediately sacrificed after prolonged exercise, major measured serum liver. The body weights...