Abstract The demand for milk has increased globally, accompanied by an increase in waste milk. Here, we provide artificial humification technology to recycle into agricultural nano-fertilizer. We use KOH-activated persulfate convert fulvic-like acid and humic-like acid. mix the product with attapulgite obtain a slow-release nano fertilizer. apply this nano-fertilizer chickweeds growing pots, resulting improved yield root elongation. These results indicate that could be recycled purposes,...

Examining the proteins that plants secrete into apoplast in response to pathogen attack provides crucial information for understanding molecular mechanisms underlying plant innate immunity. In this study, we analyzed changes root secretome of Verticillium wilt-resistant island cotton cv Hai 7124 (Gossypium barbadense) upon infection with dahliae. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis...

Abstract Plant-specific TEOSINTE-BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors play crucial roles in development, but their functional mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized the cellular functions of class I TCP factor GhTCP14 from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). is expressed predominantly fiber cells, especially at initiation and elongation stages its expression increased response to exogenous auxin. Induced heterologous overexpression Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis...

Accumulating evidence indicates that plant MYB transcription factors participate in defense against pathogen attack, but their regulatory targets and related signaling processes remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a defense-related gene (GhMYB108) from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) characterized its functional mechanism. Expression of GhMYB108 plants was induced by Verticillium dahliae infection responded to the application molecules, including salicylic acid, jasmonic ethylene....

The apoplast serves as the first battlefield between plant hosts and invading microbes; therefore, work on plant-pathogen interactions has increasingly focused apoplastic immunity. In this study, we identified three proteins in of cotton (Gossypium sp) root cells during interaction with fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. Among these proteins, host secrete chitinase 28 (Chi28) Cys-rich repeat protein 1 (CRR1), while releases protease VdSSEP1. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that VdSSEP1...

Nitrogen fertilizer tends to migrate into the environment through runoff, leaching and volatilization, causing severe environmental pollution. In this work, a high-performance water nutrient loss control (WNLCF) was developed by adding high-energy electron beam (HEEB) dispersed attapulgite (HA)–sodium polyacrylate (P)–polyacrylamide (M) complex traditional fertilizer. Therein, HA-P-M used as agent (WNLCA), which could self-assemble form three-dimensional (3D) micro/nano networks in aqueous...

Auxin response factors (ARFs) play central roles in conferring auxin-mediated responses through selection of target genes plants. Despite their physiological importance, systematic analysis ARF potato have not been investigated yet. Our genome-wide identified 20 StARF (Solanum tuberosum ARF) from and found that they are unevenly distributed all the chromosomes except chromosome X. Sequence alignment conserved motif suggested presence typical domains but StARF18c lacks B3 DNA-binding domain....

Summary Salicylic acid ( SA ) signalling plays an essential role in plant innate immunity. In this study, we identified a component the signaling pathway potato Solanum tuberosum ), transcription factor Stb ZIP 61 , and characterized its function defence against Phytophthora infestans . Expression of was induced upon P infection following exposure to defense hormones ethylene jasmonic acid. Overexpression increased tolerance plants while RNA interference i) susceptibility. Yeast two‐hybrid...

Potato common scab (CS) caused by Streptomyces scabiei is a severe disease that threatens tuber quality and its market value. To date, little known about the mechanism regulating resistance of potato to CS. In this study, we identified presequence translocase-associated motor 16 gene from (designated StPAM16-1) involved in response phytotoxin thaxtomin A (TA) secreted S. scabiei. The StPAM16-1 protein was localized mitochondria, expression upregulated leaves treated with TA. suppression led...

Plant non-symbiotic hemoglobins (nsHbs) play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. Previous evidence from this laboratory indicates that the expression class 1 nsHb gene (GhHb1) cotton is induced roots challenged with Verticillium wilt fungus. The present study examined further patterns GhHb1 plants and characterized its vivo function through ectopic overexpression Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression was by exogenously applied salicylic acid, methyl jasmonic ethylene, hydrogen...

Abstract The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE (BOP) genes of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) have been shown to play an essential role in floral abscission by specializing the zone (AZ) anatomy. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie differentiation AZ are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) homolog BOP (designated NtBOP2) characterized its function. plants, NtBOP2 gene is predominantly expressed at base corolla ethylene-independent manner. Both...

Iron deficiency is a worldwide problem in modern agriculture, which causes leaf chlorosis and severe declines crop yield. Therefore, improving the utilization efficiency (UE) of ferrous fertilizer an urgent need. This study developed pH-controlled-release foliar (PCRFFF) composed sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O), microcrystalline cellulose (MC), attapulgite (ATP). Therein, MC was oxidized to form carboxyl (CC) that possessed plenty groups (-COOH) on surface could effectively chelate Fe2+ [Fe(II)]...

Foliar nitrogen fertilizer (FNF) unabsorbed by crops leaves eventually discharges into environment through rainwater washing, leaching and volatilization, causing severe pollution to water, soil air. Therefore, improving the adhesion capacity of FNF is sorely needed. This work developed a loss-control foliar (LCFNF) adding complex, as loss control agent (LCA), including attapulgite (ATP) irradiated high-energy electron beam (HEEB), straw ash-based biochar biosilica (BCS) traditional FNF. LCA...

A facile approach to remediate the microenvironment of saline–alkali soil (SS) was developed using a novel fertilizer named remediating (SSRF). SSRF obtained by adding nanocomposite as agent (SSRA) made up attapulgite (ATP), phosphogypsum (PG), sodium polyacrylate (SP), and weathered coal (WC) traditional (TF). could form micro/nanonetworks in SS display high retaining capacity on water nutrients because hydrogen bonds between SSRA molecules, urea, or NH4Cl. In addition, effectively reduce...

Abstract Urea tends to be hydrolyzed by urease and then migrate into the environment, which results in a low utilization efficiency severe environmental contamination. To solve this problem, network‐structured nanocomposite (sodium humate–attapulgite–polyacrylamide) was fabricated used as an excellent fertilizer synergist (FS) that could effectively inhibit hydrolysis, reduce loss, enhance of nitrogen. Additionally, FS exerted significant positive effects on expression several...

ABSTRACT Suaeda salsa is a leaf‐succulent euhalophytic plant capable of surviving under seawater salinity. Here, we report the isolation and functional analysis novel gene (designated as SsTypA1 ) encoding member TypA/BipA GTPase family. The steady‐state transcript level in S. was up‐regulated response to various external stressors. Expression restricted epidermal layers leaf stem , SsTypA1–green fluorescence protein (GFP) fusion proteins were targeted chloroplasts tobacco leaves. Ectopic...

Abstract BACKGROUND: The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, is a destructive pest. CPB quarantine pest in China, but has now invaded the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and continuing to spread eastwards. To control damage overspreading, transgenic plants expressing Cry3A toxin were developed, their resistance was evaluated by bioassays laboratory field 2009, 2010 2011. RESULTS: insect of high‐dose (HD) lines significantly greater than middle‐dose (MD) low‐dose...

Fertilizer application can increase yields, but nutrient runoff may cause environmental pollution and affect soil quality. A network-structured nanocomposite used as a conditioner is beneficial to crops soil. However, the relationship between microbes unclear. We evaluated conditioner's impact on loss, pepper growth, improvement, and, especially, microbial community structure. High-throughput sequencing was applied study communities. The structures of treatment CK were significantly...

Teosinte branched1/Cincinnata/proliferating cell factor (TCP) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and defense. However, the molecular mechanisms of TCPs participating defense remain unclear. Here, we characterized a cotton TCP4-like fine-tuned by miR319b, which could interact with NON-EXPRESSER OF PATHOGEN-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1) to directly activate isochorismate synthase (ICS1) expression, facilitating resistance against Verticillium dahliae. mRNA degradome data...