A5000898795- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Medical Imaging and Analysis
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Anatomy and Medical Technology
- Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Restraint-Related Deaths
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
- Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
- Mining and Gasification Technologies
- Dental Radiography and Imaging
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
National Research Council Canada
2020-2025
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2014-2022
Harvard University
2014-2020
Polytechnique Montréal
2010-2013
McGill University
2006
<h3>Importance</h3> Interstitial lung abnormalities have been associated with lower 6-minute walk distance, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, and total capacity. However, to our knowledge, an association mortality has not previously investigated. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether interstitial are increased mortality. <h3>Design, Setting, Population</h3> Prospective cohort studies of 2633 participants from the FHS (Framingham Heart Study; computed tomographic [CT] scans obtained...
Prior studies of clinical prognostication in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using computed tomography (CT) have often used subjective analyses or evaluated quantitative measures isolation. This study examined associations between both densitometric and local histogram based CT measurements with function test (PFT) parameters mortality. In addition, this sought to compare risk prediction scores that incorporate previously described systems.Forty six patients biopsy proven IPF were...
Rationale: There are limited data on factors in young adulthood that predict future lung disease.Objectives: To determine the relationship between respiratory symptoms, loss of health, and incident disease a population-based study adults.Methods: We examined prospective from 2,749 participants CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development Young Adults) who completed symptom questionnaires at baseline 2 years later repeated spirometry measurements over 30 years.Measurements Main Results: Cough or...
Low fat-free mass index (FFMI) is an independent risk factor for mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) not typically measured during routine care. In the present study, we aimed to derive from pectoralis muscle area (FFM PMA ) and assess whether low FFMI associated with all-cause COPD cases. We used data two cohorts, ECLIPSE COPDGene. Two equal sized groups of cases (n=759) study were validate equation calculate FFM using bioelectrical impedance PMA. then applied (n=3121)...
Background Though there has been considerable effort to implement machine learning (ML) methods for health care, clinical implementation lagged. Incorporating explainable (XML) through the development of a decision support tool using design thinking approach is expected lead greater uptake such tools. Objective This work aimed explore how constant engagement clinician end users can address lack adoption ML tools in contexts due their transparency and challenges related presenting...
Low muscle mass is associated with increased mortality in the general population but its prognostic value at-risk smokers, those without expiratory airflow obstruction, unknown. We aimed to test hypothesis that reduced smokers. Measures of both pectoralis and paravertebral erector spinae cross-sectional area (PMA PVMA, respectively) as well emphysema on chest computed tomography (CT) scans were performed 3705 current former smokers (≥10 pack-years) aged 45–80 years enrolled into COPDGene...
Purpose To determine if interstitial features at chest CT enhance the effect of emphysema on clinical disease severity in smokers without pulmonary fibrosis. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, an objective analysis tool was used to measure (reticular changes, honeycombing, centrilobular nodules, linear scar, nodular subpleural lines, ground-glass opacities) 8266 participants a study chronic obstructive (COPD) called COPDGene (recruited between October 2006 January...
In this paper, a fully automatic probabilistic method for multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion classification is presented, whereby the posterior probability density function over healthy tissues and two types of lesions (T1-hypointense T2-hyperintense) generated at every voxel.During training, system explicitly models spatial variability intensity distributions throughout brain by first segmenting it into distinct anatomical regions then building regional likelihood each tissue class based on...
A fully automatic Bayesian framework for multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion classification is presented, using posterior probability distributions and entropy values to classify normal tissue. Spatial variability in intensities of multimodal MR images over the brain explicitly modeled by building region-specific multivariate likelihood distributions. Local smoothness ensured incorporating neighboring voxel tissue information Markov Random fields. probabilistic measure confidence then which can...
This paper presents a method that registers MRIs acquired in prone position, with surface topography (TP) and X-ray reconstructions standing order to obtain 3D representation of human torso incorporating the external surface, bone structures, soft tissues. TP data are registered using landmarks. Bone structures used register each MRI slice an articulated model, tissue is confined volume delimited by trunk surfaces constrained thin-plate spline. The tested on 3 pre-surgical patients scoliosis...
Computed tomographic (CT) airway lumen narrowing is associated with lower lung function. Although volumetric CT measures of airways (wall volume [WV] and [LV]) compared to cross sectional can more accurately reflect bronchial morphology, data their use in never smokers scarce. We hypothesize that native tracheobronchial tree morphology as assessed by metrics play a significant role determining function normal subjects. aimed assess the relationships between size, projected branching...
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are frequent and a major cause of death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the general population, various fat depots including abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), liver have been linke
A single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs35705950) in the mucin 5B ( MUC5B ) gene promoter is associated with pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial features on chest CT but may also have beneficial effects. In non-Hispanic whites COPDGene cohort (n=454), was a 61% lower odds of prospectively reported acute respiratory disease event (P=0.001), longer time-to-first (HR=0.57; P=0.006) 40% fewer events (P=0.016). The effect risk smokers features.
Introduction: Endoscopic lung volume reduction has been used to reduce hyperinflation in selected patients with severe emphysema. Little is known about the effect of this procedure on intraparenchymal pulmonary vasculature. In study we computed tomography (CT)- based vascular reco
We present an avatar and task-oriented dialog agent for monitoring user discomfort during a virtual reality (VR) cognitive exercise providing personalized information advice on its relief. The goal of this approach is to provide instantaneous assistance users more comfortable VR experience, thereby enabling them spend time tasks. developed in environment with which may communicate verbally, machine-learning based conversational AI platform. performed technical evaluation the natural language...