A5102788031- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
National Institutes of Health
2011-2025
National Human Genome Research Institute
2012-2025
Swansea Bay University Health Board
2024
AbbVie (United States)
2016-2024
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2010-2024
Center for Rheumatology
2021-2024
University of Southampton
2004-2023
Cancer Research UK
2023
Vanderbilt University
2012-2021
Geophysical Laboratory
2003-2019
Access is an important concept in health policy and services research, yet it one which has not been defined or employed precisely. To some authors "access" refers to entry into use of the care system, while others characterizes factors influencing use. The purpose this article propose a taxonomic definition "access." presented here. as general that summarizes set more specific dimensions describing fit between patient system. are availability, accessibility, accommodation, affordability...
Significance Using high-throughput experiments, we determined the functional epigenomic landscape in pancreatic islet cells. Computational integration of these data along with similar from ENCODE project revealed presence large gene control elements across diverse cell types that refer to as “stretch enhancers.” Stretch enhancers are type specific and associated increased expression genes involved cell-specific processes. We find genetic variations common disease highly enriched stretch...
Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent condition that causes dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain. Elagolix, an oral, nonpeptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, produced partial to nearly full estrogen suppression in previous studies.We performed two similar, double-blind, randomized, 6-month phase 3 trials (Elaris I II [EM-I EM-II]) evaluate the effects of doses elagolix - 150 mg once daily (lower-dose group) 200 twice (higher-dose as compared with placebo women...
Public health officials have raised concerns that plasmid transfer between Enterobacteriaceae species may spread resistance to carbapenems, an antibiotic class of last resort, thereby rendering common care-associated infections nearly impossible treat. To determine the diversity carbapenemase-encoding plasmids and assess their mobility among bacterial species, we performed comprehensive surveillance genomic sequencing carbapenem-resistant in National Institutes Health (NIH) Clinical Center...
To examine whether the form of dietary carbohydrate influences glucose and insulin responses, we studied responses to five meals--each containing a different but all with nearly identical amounts total carbohydrate, protein, fat--in 10 healthy subjects, 12 patients Type I diabetes, II diabetes. The test carbohydrates were glucose, fructose, sucrose, potato starch, wheat starch. In three groups, meal sucrose as did not produce significantly greater peak increments in plasma concentration or...
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >100 independent SNPs that modulate the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related traits. However, pathogenic mechanisms most these remain elusive. Here, we examined genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic profiles in human pancreatic islets to understand links between genetic variation, chromatin landscape, gene expression context T2D. We first integrated genome transcriptome variation across 112 islet samples produce dense cis-expression...
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are congenital vascular anomalies of the brain that can cause significant neurological disabilities, including intractable seizures and hemorrhagic stroke. One locus for autosomal dominant CCM (CCM1) maps to chromosome 7q21–q22. Recombination events in linked family members define a critical region ∼2 Mb shared disease haplotype associated with presumed founder effect families Mexican-American descent points potentially smaller interest. Using genomic...
Eight full length cDNA were isolated from EBV transformed human PBL derived different normal individuals. Five antibodies with the characteristics of natural polyreactive antibodies. Three either monoreactive or bireactive. The most striking feature structure these molecules was their utilization VH families. Although three used large VHIII family and one VHI family, other four genes two recently defined small families VHIV VHV. represent expressed sequences is first example a VHV gene in an...
Abstract Variation in social behavior and plumage the white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) is linked to an inversion polymorphism on chromosome 2. Here we report results of our comparative cytogenetic mapping efforts population genetics studies focused genomic characterization this balanced chromosomal polymorphism. Comparative painting 15 zebra finch BAC clones standard (ZAL2) alternative (ZAL2m) arrangements revealed that orthologous chicken 3, at a minimum, ZAL2 ZAL2m differ by...
Insurance products with incentives for patients to choose physicians classified as offering lower-cost care on the basis of cost-profiling tools are increasingly common. However, no rigorous evaluation has been undertaken determine whether these can accurately distinguish higher-cost from physicians.
Underlying the continuing emphasis on access by health services researchers and policymakers is assumption that patients having poorer will receive less than appropriate care, other things being equal. However, recent research results typically have not supported this assumption, nature importance of relationships between use still remain unclear. Most published studies sought to define general are descriptive behavior all in a population facing problems. The authors interview data show...
Next-generation sequencing of antibody transcripts from HIV-1-infected individuals with broadly neutralizing antibodies could provide an efficient means for identifying somatic variants and characterizing their lineages. Here, we used 454 pyrosequencing identity/divergence grid sampling to analyze heavy- light-chain sequences donor N152, the source 10E8. We identified up 28% difference in amino acid sequence. Heavy- phylogenetic trees 10E8 displayed similar architectures, reconstituted...
OBJECTIVE A pilot study suggested that combination therapy with low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) preserves C-peptide in established type 1 diabetes (T1D) (duration 4 months to 2 years). We hypothesized 1) ATG/GCSF or 2) ATG alone would slow the decline of β-cell function patients new-onset T1D <100 days). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS three-arm, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial was performed by Type...
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS studied 1,244 TrialNet Pathway Prevention study participants (T1D patients’ relatives without with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2–51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up...
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of elagolix, an oral, nonpeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, over 12 months in women with endometriosis-associated pain.Elaris Endometriosis (EM)-III -IV were extension studies that evaluated additional 6 treatment after two 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials (12 continuous months) elagolix doses (150 mg once daily 200 twice daily). Coprimary endpoints proportion responders (clinically meaningful pain reduction stable...
Significance In this series of studies, we provide a rare illustration how chromosomal polymorphism has affected overt social behavior in vertebrate. White-throated sparrows occur two alternative phenotypes, or morphs, distinguished by rearrangement. That the morphs differ territorial and parental been known for decades, but rearrangement affects is not understood. Here show that genetic differentiation between transcription gene well to be involved behavior. We then free-living population,...
Abstract Va14Ja18 natural T (iNKT) cells are innate, immunoregulatory lymphocytes that recognize CD1d-restricted lipid Ags such as α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer). The functions of iNKT dependent upon either IFN-γ or IL-4 production by these cells. We hypothesized αGalCer presentation different CD1d-positive cell types elicits distinct functions. In this study we report dendritic (DC) play a critical role in αGalCer-mediated activation and subsequent transactivation NK Remarkably, B suppress...