A5080510166- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Bee Products Chemical Analysis
University of Bern
2020-2025
SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
2020-2025
University of Zurich
2010-2019
Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well a comparison with two pathogenic dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, gene losses. missing genes encode enzymes primary secondary...
Thomas Wicker and colleagues report the whole-genome sequencing of four wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici) isolates from different geographic regions. Their comparative genomic analysis provides insights into evolution mildews, which are obligate biotropic fungal pathogens. Wheat mildew, Blumeria tritici, is a devastating pathogen with poorly understood evolutionary history. Here we draft genome sequence resequencing three additional regions analyses barley...
In cereals, several mildew resistance genes occur as large allelic series; for example, in wheat (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum), 17 functional Pm3 alleles confer agronomically important race-specific to powdery (Blumeria graminis). The molecular basis of race specificity has been characterized wheat, but little is known about the corresponding avirulence mildew. Here, we dissected genetics six found that three major Avr loci affect avirulence, with a common locus_1 involved all...
There is a large diversity of genetically defined resistance genes in bread wheat against the powdery mildew pathogen Blumeria graminis (B. g.) f. sp. tritici. Many confer race-specific to this pathogen, but until now only avirulence gene AvrPm3a2/f2 that recognized by Pm3a/f was known molecularly. We performed map-based cloning and genome-wide association studies isolate candidate for AvrPm2. then used transient expression assays Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrate specific strong recognition...
The wheat Pm3 resistance gene against the powdery mildew pathogen occurs as an allelic series encoding functionally different immune receptors which induce upon recognition of isolate-specific avirulence (AVR) effectors from pathogen. Here, we describe identification five effector proteins pathogens wheat, rye, and wild grass Dactylis glomerata, specifically recognized by PM3B, PM3C PM3D receptors. Together with earlier identified AVRPM3A2/F2, AVRs PM3B/C, (AVRPM3B2/C2), (AVRPM3D3) belong to...
Abstract Background Phage therapy is being reconsidered as a valuable approach to combat antimicrobial resistance. We recently established personalized phage pipeline in healthy volunteers, where therapeutic phages were isolated from individuals’ skin microbiota. In this study, we aim validate end-stage heart failure patients supported by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), focusing on targeting Staphylococcus epidermidis, common pathogen responsible for LVAD infections. Methods Over...
Unbiased classification of equine dendritic cells (DC) is necessary to address various research questions such as the role DC subsets in immune-mediated diseases horses. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on enriched from blood two horses, based expression CD172a, Flt3, CADM1 and CD14. All main were detected key gene expression, including cDC type 1 (cDC1; XCR1), cDC2 (FCER1A, CD1E) plasmacytoid (pDC; TCF4). In addition, we a small cluster CD34-expressing progenitors. Our data...
Phage therapy might be a useful approach for the treatment of nosocomial infections; however, only few lytic phages suitable this application are available opportunistic pathogen, Staphylococcus epidermidis. In current study, we developed an efficient method to isolate bacteriophages present within human skin microbiome, by using niche-specific S. epidermidis as host phage propagation. was identified on forehead 92% subjects tested. These isolates were then used propagate in same sample....
The Avrk1 and Avra10 avirulence (AVR) genes encode effectors that increase the pathogenicity of fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh), powdery mildew pathogen, in susceptible barley plants. In resistant barley, MLK1 MLA10 resistance proteins recognize presence AVRK1 AVRA10, eliciting hypersensitive response typical gene for interactions. have more than 1350 homologues Bgh genome, forming EKA (Effectors homologous to Avr k 1 a 10) family. We tested hypothesis family originated from...
A novel, facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, motile, endospore-forming bacterium of the genus Paenibacillus , designated strain 2.1 T was isolated from a colony Apis mellifera affected by European foulbrood disease in Switzerland. The rod-shaped cells were 2.2–6.5 µm long and 0.7–1.1 wide. Colonies orange-pigmented under oxic growth conditions on solid basal medium at 35–37 °C. Strain showed catalase cytochrome c oxidase activity. Its polar lipid profile consisted...
Summary Agronomically important traits are frequently controlled by rare, genotype‐specific alleles. Such genes can only be mapped in a population derived from the donor genotype. This requires development of specific genetic map, which is difficult wheat because low level polymorphism among elite cultivars. The absence sufficient polymorphism, complexity hexaploid genome as well lack complete sequence information make construction maps with high density reproducible and polymorphic markers...
Escape from programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer. In this study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic mechanisms and explored therapeutic potential BCL-2 homology domain-3 (BH3) mimetics in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), lethal thoracic malignancy with an extreme dearth treatment options. By implementing integrated analysis functional genomic data MPM cells quantitative proteomics patients' tumors, identified BCL-XL as driver that overexpressed confers oncogenic dependency MPM....
Blunt chest trauma after mechanical resuscitation manoeuvres appears to have a significant impact on the often complicated course. Due lack of data in literature, purpose this study was investigate feasibility and immediate outcome wall stabilization for flail vulnerable patient population.We retrospectively reviewed medical records patients cardiopulmonary between January 2014 December 2018 who were diagnosed with chest. We attempted compare surgery those conservative treatment.Of total 56...
In the fight against spread of antibiotic resistance, authorities usually require that strains "intentionally added into food chain" be tested for their susceptibility. This applies to used in starter or adjunct cultures production fermented foods, such as many Pediococcus pentosaceus. The European Food Safety Authority recommends testing susceptibility based on both genomic and phenotypic approaches. Furthermore, it proposes a set antibiotics assess well list microbiological cutoffs (MCs),...
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) enables high resolution typing of bacteria up to the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level. WGS is used in clinical microbiology laboratories for infection control, molecular surveillance and outbreak analyses. Given large palette reagents bioinformatics tools, Swiss bacteriology community decided conduct a ring trial (RT) foster harmonization NGS-based bacterial typing. The RT aimed at assessing methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strain...
As components of many cheese starter cultures, strains Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis (LDL) must be tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility to avoid the potential horizontal transfer antibiotic resistance (ABR) determinants in human body or environment. To this end, a phenotypic test, as well screening genes (ARGs) genome sequences, is commonly performed. Historically, microbiological cutoffs (MCs), which are used classify either 'sensitive' 'resistant' based on minimal...
Most knowledge about Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathoadaptation is derived from studies on airway colonization in cystic fibrosis; little known adaptation acute settings. P. frequently affects burned patients and the burn wound niche has distinct properties that likely influence pathoadaptation. This study aimed to genetically phenotypically characterize isolates collected during an outbreak of infection a intensive care unit (ICU). Sequencing reads 58 ST1076 taken 23 were independently mapped...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major pathogen in burn wound infections. We present one of the first reports small-colony variant (SCV) emergence P. aeruginosa, taken from patient under aminoglycosides for persistent infection. confirm causative role single ispA mutation SCV and increased aminoglycoside resistance. IspA involved synthesis ubiquinone, providing possible link between electron transport formation aeruginosa.
Equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the most common skin disease affecting horses. It described as an IgE-mediated, Type I reaction to salivary gland proteins of Culicoides insects. Together with Th2 cells, epithelial barrier cells play important role in development hypersensitivities. In order elucidate equine keratinocytes IBH, we stimulated derived from IBH-affected (IBH-KER) (n = 9) and healthy horses (H-KER) recombinant allergens extract, allergic cytokine milieu (ACM) a Toll...
High incidences of the foodborne pathogen