We report a new strategy for differential delivery of antimicrobials to bacterial infection sites with lipase-sensitive polymeric triple-layered nanogel (TLN) as the drug carrier. The TLN was synthesized by convenient arm-first procedure using an amphiphilic diblock copolymer, namely, monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone), initiate ring-opening polymerization difunctional monomer 3-oxapentane-1,5-diyl bis(ethylene phosphate). hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) segments...

ABSTRACT Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is widely recognized as a signal molecule for intra- and interspecies communication in Gram-negative bacteria, but its signaling function Gram-positive especially Staphylococcus aureus , remains obscure. Here we reveal the role of LuxS regulation capsular polysaccharide synthesis S. NCTC8325 show that AI-2 can regulate gene expression involved some physiological activities molecule. Inactivation luxS resulted higher levels transcription genes. The survival rate...

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes biofilm-associated infection in humans. Autoinducer 2 (AI-2), a quorum-sensing (QS) signal for interspecies communication, has wide range of regulatory functions both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but its exact role biofilm formation S. remains unclear.Here we demonstrate mutation the AI-2 synthase gene luxS RN6390B results increased compared with wild-type (WT) strain under static, flowing anaerobic conditions mouse...

Reciprocal relationship usually exists between osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis, with factors stimulating one of these processes at the same time inhibiting other. In present study, miR-30e was found to be involved in reciprocal regulation osteoblast adipocyte differentiation. Our data indicated that induced primarily cultured mouse bone marrow stromal cell, mesenchymal cell line C3H10T1/2 preadipocyte 3T3-L1 after adipogenic treatment. Conversely, it reduced ST2 preosteoblast MC3T3-E1...

ABSTRACT Strain SF3, a gram-negative, anaerobic, motile, short curved rod that grows by coupling the reductive dechlorination of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) to oxidation acetate, was isolated from San Francisco Bay sediment. SF3 grew at concentrations NaCl ranging 0.16 2.5%, but KCl above 0.32% inhibited growth. The isolate used fumarate, lactate, propionate, pyruvate, alanine, and ethanol as electron donors for growth coupled dechlorination. Among halogenated aromatic compounds tested, only ortho...

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (TCA) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant because of its widespread use as an industrial solvent, improper disposal, and substantial emission to the atmosphere. We report isolation anaerobic bacterium, strain TCA1, that reductively dechlorinates TCA 1,1-dichloroethane chloroethane. Strain TCA1 required H2 electron donor acceptor for growth, indicating dechlorination respiratory process. Phylogenetic analysis indicated related gram-positive bacteria with low DNA G+C...

ABSTRACT The Kdp system is widely distributed among bacteria. In Escherichia coli , the Kdp-ATPase a high-affinity K + uptake and its expression activated by KdpDE two-component in response to limitation or salt stress. However, information about role of this many bacteria still remains obscure. Here we demonstrate that KdpFABC Staphylococcus aureus not major transporter main function associated with transport but instead it regulates transcription for series virulence factors through...

Point mutations with unclear molecular mechanisms are often associated vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we observed that the walK (G223D) mutation caused decreased expression of genes cell wall metabolism, autolytic activity, thickened walls, and reduced susceptibility. A phosphorylation assay showed WalK exhibited autophosphorylation, which led to WalR. An electrophoretic mobility shift indicated (G223D)-phosphorylated WalR had a capacity bind atlA promoter.

Abstract Background Gastric microbial dysbiosis were reported to be associated with gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed explore the variation, diversity, and composition patterns of bacteria in stages carcinogenesis based on published datasets. Methods We conducted a analysis using 10 public datasets 16S rRNA sequencing, including 1270 biopsies 109 health control, 183 superficial gastritis (SG), 135 atrophic (AG), 124 intestinal metaplasia (IM), 94 intraepithelial neoplasia (IN), 344 GC,...

There has been an absence of efficient method gene knockdown in the important human pathogen

Gastric microbiota may be involved in gastric cancer. The relationship between gastrointestinal microbes and the risk of cancer is unclear. This study aimed to explore intestinal bacteria associated with gastritis precancerous lesions. We conducted a case-control by performing 16S rRNA gene analysis biopsies, juices, stool samples from 148 cases or lesions Anhui neighboring provinces, China. And we validated our findings public datasets.Analysis microbial sequences revealed decreased...

Abstract Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections is a constant challenge due to emerging resistance vancomycin, last-resort drug. S-nitrosylation, the covalent attachment nitric oxide (NO) group cysteine thiol, mediates redox-based signaling for eukaryotic cellular functions. However, its role in bacteria largely unknown. Here, proteomic analysis revealed that S-nitrosylation prominent growth feature vancomycin-intermediate S. . Deletion NO synthase (NOS) or removal from...

We have developed a novel and reproducible system for recovery of fertile transgenic maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The transformation was performed using microprojectile bombardment cultured shoot apices with plasmid carrying two linked genes, the Streptomyces hygroscopicus phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene (bar) potato proteinase inhibitor II gene, either alone or in combination another containing 5[prime] region rice actin 1 fused to Escherichia coli [beta]-glucuronidase (gus)....

IL-8 produced by prostate cancer cells may be responsible for the androgen-independent growth of advanced cancers. Accumulating evidence from microarray analyses and animal genetic models highlights central involvement transcription factor early response-1 (EGR-1) in carcinoma progression. It is unknown, however, whether knockdown EGR-1 inhibits production IL-8-mediated tumor metastasis. Here we show that a specific shRNA-Egr1 inhibited gene human cell line DU145. Conversely, enforced...

A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, strain S4(T), was isolated from coastal sediment collected off Xiamen, China. The physiological and biochemical features of determined using the API 20NE, ZYM Biolog GN2 systems, were similar to those members genus Shewanella. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gyrB gene sequences placed S4(T) in Shewanella, it most closely related Shewanella oneidensis species. DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated only 11.9-30.4 % relatedness between type...

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems play diverse physiological roles, such as plasmid maintenance, growth control, and persister cell formation, but their involvement in bacterial pathogenicity remains largely unknown. Here, we have identified a novel type II toxin-antitoxin system, SavRS, revealed the molecular mechanisms of its autoregulation virulence control Staphylococcus aureus Electrophoretic mobility shift assay isothermal titration calorimetry data indicated that antitoxin SavR acted...

Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are amphipathic peptides that produced by staphylococci and play important roles in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation dissemination. Although the multiple functions of PSMs have been recognized, regulatory mechanisms controlling expression psm operons remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified MgrA a DNA pulldown assay further demonstrated, electrophoretic mobility shift assays DNase I footprinting assays, could bind specifically to promoter...

Strains DCB-MT and DCB-F were isolated from anaerobic 3-chlorobenzoate (3CB)-mineralizing cultures enriched marine sediments. The isolates are large, Gram-negative rods with a collar girdling each cell. obligate anaerobes capable of reductive dechlorination 3CB to benzoate. Growth by chlororespiration in strain yielded 1.7 g protein mol(-1) dechlorinated lactate as the electron donor. Strain also used fumarate, sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate nitrate physiological acceptors for growth, but...