A5026613647- Immune Response and Inflammation
- interferon and immune responses
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Immune cells in cancer
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
University of Freiburg
2018-2024
Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research
2014-2022
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2014-2022
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
2014-2022
DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance
2020
Heidelberg University
2020
University of Bayreuth
2011
In sterile neuroinflammation, a pathological role is proposed for microglia, whereas in viral encephalitis, their function not entirely clear. Many viruses exploit the odorant system and enter CNS via olfactory bulb (OB). Upon intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus instillation, we show an accumulation of activated microglia monocytes OB. Depletion during encephalitis results enhanced spread increased lethality. Activation, proliferation, are regulated by type I IFN receptor signaling neurons...
Abstract Signaling by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is essential for the development of central nervous system (CNS) and regulates neuronal survival myelination in adult CNS. In neuroinflammatory conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS) its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), IGF-1 can regulate cellular activation a context-dependent cell-specific manner. Notwithstanding importance, functional outcome signaling microglia/macrophages, which maintain CNS...
Quiescent long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) are efficiently activated by type I interferon (IFN-I). However, this effect remains poorly investigated in the context of IFN-I-inducing virus infections. Here we report that both vesicular stomatitis (VSV) and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection induce LT-HSC activation substantially differs from effects triggered upon injection synthetic agents. In infections, inflammatory responses had to exceed local thresholds within bone...
Abstract Cytomegalovirus is a DNA-encoded β-herpesvirus that induces STING-dependent type 1 interferon responses in macrophages and uses myeloid cells as vehicle for dissemination. Here we report STING knockout mice are resistant to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection wild-type controls, whereas with combined Toll-like receptor/RIG-I-like receptor/STING signaling deficiency do not mount succumb the infection. Although alone dispensable survival, early IFN-β induction Kupffer controls...
Objectives The monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab is frequently applied in the treatment of lymphoma as well autoimmune diseases and confers efficient depletion recirculating B cells. Correspondingly, cell-depleted patients barely mount de novo responses during infections or vaccinations. Therefore, immune largely depend on protective T cell responses. Methods CD8 + expansion was studied rituximab-treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cell-deficient mice vaccination/infection with different...
During Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection hepatitis is a potentially life threatening complication, particularly in newborns. Studies with type I interferon (IFN-I) receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice revealed key role of the IFN-I axis protection against CVB3 infection, whereas source and cell types that have to be IFNAR triggered order promote survival are still unknown. We found infected IFN-β reporter showed effective induction, especially hepatocytes only minor extent liver-resident...
•LCMV infection activates NF-κB signaling in hepatocytes.•Macrophages, TNFR1 do not induce LCMV-driven hepatocyte NF-κB-activation.•IkkβΔHep mice display increased viral infection/replication and lower ISG induction.•IfnarΔHep recapitulate aberrant virus replication as observed IkkβΔHep mice.•NF-κB is required for efficient induction HBV-/HDV-infected HepaRG. Background & AimsHepatic innate immune control of infections has largely been attributed to Kupffer cells, the liver-resident...
The concomitant occurrence of molecular hydrogen (H(2)) and organic acids along the alimentary canal earthworm is indicative ongoing fermentation during gut passage. Fermentative H(2) production catalyzed by [FeFe]-hydrogenases group 4 [NiFe]-hydrogenases in obligate anaerobes (e.g., Clostridiales) facultative aerobes Enterobacteriaceae), respectively, functional groups that might respond differently to contrasting redox conditions. Thus, objectives this study were assess potentials...
Abstract Several studies indicated that TLR as well retinoic acid–inducible gene I–like helicase (RLH) signaling contribute to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)–mediated triggering of type I IFN (IFN-I) responses. Nevertheless, TLR-deficient MyD88−/−Trif−/− mice and RLH-deficient caspase activation recruitment domain adaptor inducing IFN-β (Cardif)−/− showed only marginally enhanced susceptibility lethal VSV i.v. infection. Therefore, we addressed whether concomitant RLH signaling, or some...
IFN-γ is an enigmatic cytokine that shows direct anti-viral effects, confers upregulation of MHC-II and other components relevant for antigen presentation, adjusts the composition balance complex responses. It produced during immune responses by innate as well adaptive cells can critically affect course outcome infectious diseases, autoimmunity, cancer. To selectively analyze function cell-derived IFN-γ, we generated conditional IFN-γOFF mice, in which endogenous expression disrupted a loxP...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling neuroinflammatory disease, which little understood and lacks sufficient therapeutic regimen. Myeloid cells have repeatedly shown to play pivotal role in the disease progression. During homeostasis, only CNS-resident microglia CNS-associated macrophages are present CNS. Neuroinflammation causes peripheral immune infiltrate CNS contributing progression neurological sequelae. The differential involvement of diverse resident myeloid cell subsets...
Although macrophages in the meningeal compartments of central nervous system (CNS) have been comprehensively characterized under steady state, studying their contribution to physiological and pathological processes has hindered by lack specific targeting tools vivo. Recent findings shown that dural sinus its adjacent lymphatic vessels act as a neuroimmune interface. However, cellular functional heterogeneity extrasinusoidal outside this immune hub is not fully understood. Therefore, we these...
Hepatic innate immune control of viral infections has largely been attributed to Kupffer cells, the liver macrophages. However, also hepatocytes, parenchymal cells liver, possess potent immunological functions in addition their known metabolic functions. Owing abundance and functions, we aimed investigate direct anti-viral mechanisms employed by hepatocytes.