Stephen C. Lazarus
A5037106670- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Mast cells and histamine
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Delphi Technique in Research
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
University of California, San Francisco
2015-2024
University of California System
2016-2024
Manisa Celal Bayar University
2023
University of Minnesota
2023
American Thoracic Society
2023
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2023
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research
2023
Observational & Pragmatic Research Institute
2023
University of Michigan
2023
The University of Melbourne
2023
The assessment of asthma control is pivotal to the evaluation treatment response in individuals and clinical trials. Previously, control, severity, exacerbations were defined assessed many different ways.The Task Force was established provide recommendations about standardization outcomes relating trials practice, for adults children aged 6 years or older.A narrative literature review conducted evaluate measurement properties strengths/weaknesses outcome measures relevant exacerbations....
Acute exacerbations adversely affect patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Macrolide antibiotics benefit a variety of inflammatory airway diseases.We performed randomized trial to determine whether azithromycin decreased the frequency in participants COPD who had an increased risk but no hearing impairment, resting tachycardia, or apparent prolongation corrected QT interval.A total 1577 subjects were screened; 1142 (72%) randomly assigned receive azithromycin, at dose...
Currently, the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires a ratio forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to vital capacity (FVC) less than 0.70 as assessed by spirometry after bronchodilator use. However, many smokers who do not meet this definition have respiratory symptoms.
Inhaled β -adrenergic agonists are the most commonly used medications for treatment of asthma although there is evidence that regular use may produce adverse effects in some patients. Polymorphisms β2-adrenergic receptor ( β2-AR) can affect regulation receptor. Smaller studies examining such polymorphisms on response to -agonist therapy have produced inconsistent results. We examined whether at codon 16 β2-AR-16) and 27 β2-AR-27) β2-AR might versus as-needed albuterol by genotyping 190...
Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) therapy improves symptoms in patients whose asthma is poorly controlled by an inhaled glucocorticoid alone. Alternative treatments for adults with uncontrolled are needed.
Airway eosinophilia is typical of asthma, and many controller treatments target eosinophilic disease. Asthma clinically heterogeneous, however, a subgroup people with asthma do not have airway eosinophilia. The size this uncertain because prior studies examined repeated measures sputum cytology to determine when intermittent versus persistent eosinophila they are persistently noneosinophilic.To the prevalence clinical characteristics noneosinophilic phenotype.We analyzed data from 995...
Concepts of asthma severity and control are important in the evaluation patients their response to treatment but terminology is not standardised terms often used interchangeably. This review, arising from work an American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Task Force, identifies need for separate concepts severity, describes evolution guidelines provides a framework understanding relationship between current phenotype, control. "Asthma control" refers extent which manifestations...
One-quarter to one-third of individuals with asthma smoke, which may affect response therapy and contribute poor control.To determine if the an inhaled corticosteroid or a leukotriene receptor antagonist is attenuated in who smoke.In multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover trial, 44 nonsmokers 39 light smokers mild were assigned randomly treatment twice daily beclomethasone once oral montelukast.Primary outcome was change prebronchodilator FEV(1) versus...
Although guidelines recommend daily therapy for patients with mild persistent asthma, prescription patterns suggest that most such use these so-called controller therapies intermittently. In we evaluated the efficacy of intermittent short-course corticosteroid treatment guided by a symptom-based action plan alone or in addition to either inhaled budesonide oral zafirlukast over one-year period.In double-blind trial, 225 adults underwent randomization. The primary outcome was morning peak...
The response to treatment for asthma is characterized by wide interindividual variability, with a significant number of patients who have no response. We hypothesized that genomewide association study would reveal novel pharmacogenetic determinants the inhaled glucocorticoids.
Retrospective studies have shown that statins decrease the rate and severity of exacerbations, hospitalization, mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We prospectively studied efficacy simvastatin preventing exacerbations a large, multicenter, randomized trial.
IMPORTANCEIn asthma and other diseases, vitamin D insufficiency is associated with adverse outcomes.It not known if supplementing inhaled corticosteroids oral 3 improves outcomes in patients insufficiency.OBJECTIVE To evaluate supplementation would improve the clinical efficacy of symptomatic lower levels. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThe VIDA (Vitamin Add-on Therapy Enhances Corticosteroid Responsiveness Asthma) randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial studying adult...
<h3>Importance</h3> Many preschool children develop recurrent, severe episodes of lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI). Although viral infections are often present, bacteria may also contribute to pathogenesis. Strategies that effectively attenuate such needed. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate if early administration azithromycin, started prior the onset LRTI symptoms, in with recurrent LRTIs can prevent progression these episodes. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A randomized,...
Observational studies suggest that beta-blockers may reduce the risk of exacerbations and death in patients with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but these findings have not been confirmed randomized trials.
ContextLong-acting β2-agonists are prescribed for patients with persistent asthma and sometimes used without inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). No evidence exists, however, to support their use as monotherapy in adults asthma.ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of salmeterol xinafoate, a long-acting β2-agonist, replacement therapy whose is well controlled by low-dose triamcinolone acetonide, an ICS.Design SettingA 28-week, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial...
Inhaled beta-agonists are the most commonly used treatment for asthma, but data suggest that regularly scheduled use of these agents may have deleterious effect on control asthma. We compared effects inhaled albuterol with those only as needed in patients mild chronic, stable asthma.In a multicenter, double-blind study, we randomly assigned 255 asthma to inhale either regular schedule (126 patients) or (129 patients). The were followed 16 weeks.The primary outcome indicator, peak expiratory...
Several studies suggest that patients with asthma who are homozygous for arginine at the 16th position of beta2-adrenergic receptor may not benefit from short-acting beta-agonists.We investigated whether such genotype-specific effects occur when treated long-acting beta-agonists and modified by concurrent inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use.We compared salmeterol response in B16 (B16Arg/Arg) those glycine (B16Gly/Gly) two separate cohorts. In first, subjects were randomized to regular therapy...
N PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ASTHMA inadequately controlled by treatment with a low dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), the addition long-acting  2 -agonist 1-4 provides an incremental improvement in asthma control exceeding that achieved increasing dosages ICS.We anticipated once this occurred, many patients would question whether their dosage ICS could be reduced or even eliminated.Evidence both supporting 5,6 and refut-