A5100612441- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Institut Pasteur
2012-2024
Inserm
2021
Université de Rouen Normandie
2021
Institut Pasteur de Dakar
2012-2020
Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle Calédonie
2017-2020
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
2007-2019
Université Laval
2018
Université du Québec à Rimouski
2018
University of Antananarivo
2015
Departamento de Epidemiología
2015
Abstract An outbreak of dengue-like syndrome occurred in Toamasina from January through March 2006. Dengue type l or chikungunya viruses were detected 38 55 patients sampled. Aedes albopictus was the only potential vector collected. Of 4,242 randomly selected representative residents interviewed retrospectively, 67.5% reported a during this period.
Antibiotic misuse in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) contributes to the development of antibiotic resistance that can disseminate globally. Strategies specific LMICs seek reduce by humans, but simultaneously improve access, have been proposed. However, most approaches date not considered growing impact animal environmental reservoirs resistance, which threaten exacerbate crisis LMICs. In particular, current strategies do prioritize impacts increased use for terrestrial food-animal...
Abstract Background Following the outbreak of chikungunya in Indian Ocean, Ministry Health directed necessary development an early detection system. A disease surveillance team including Institut Pasteur Madagascar (IPM) was organized to establish a sentinel syndromic-based The system, which set up March 2007, transmits patient data on daily basis from various voluntary general practitioners throughout six provinces country IPM. We describe challenges and steps involved developing system...
Abstract Background Rabies is a widespread disease in African domestic dogs and serious public health problem developing countries. Canine rabies became established Africa during the 20th century, coinciding with ecologic changes that favored its emergence canids. This paper reports results of cross-sectional study dog ecology Antananarivo urban community Madagascar. A questionnaire survey 1541 households was conducted from October 2007 to January 2008. The addressed both owned unowned dogs....
Abstract Background Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have spread worldwide but there are few reports on carriage in hospitals low-income countries. ESBL-producing (ESBL-PE) been increasingly isolated from nosocomial infections Antananarivo, Madagascar. Methods we conducted a prevalence survey pediatric unit March to April 2008 Patient rectal swabs were sampled the first and last day of hospitalization. Medical staff environment also sampled. Rectal...
Background Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteria (ESBL-PE) emerged at the end of 1980s, causing nosocomial outbreaks and/or hyperendemic situations in hospitals and long-term care facilities. In recent years, community-acquired infections due to ESBL-PE have spread worldwide, especially across developing countries including Madagascar. Objectives This study aimed determine prevalence risk factors intestinal carriage community Antananarivo. Methods Non-hospitalized patients...
Background In Madagascar, despite an influenza surveillance established since 1978, little is known about the etiology and prevalence of viruses other than causing influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). Methodology/Principal Findings From July 2008 to June 2009, we collected respiratory specimens from patients who presented ILIs symptoms in public private clinics Antananarivo (the capital city Madagascar). were defined as body temperature ≥38°C cough at least two following symptoms: sore throat,...
Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of human gastroenteritis. S. strains that produce ESBLs (ESBL-Salm) remain rare in Europe and North America, but less known about their prevalence among animal-derived foods countries with weaker food safety practices unregulated veterinary antibiotic use. To examine the characteristics ESBL-Salm from retail meats Phnom Penh, Cambodia. We tested fish, pork chicken two markets for ESBL- carbapenemase-producing September–December 2016, using cefotaxime-...
The burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection remains poorly defined in Africa. To address this, we carried out a descriptive and retrospective pilot study, with focus on the epidemiology RSV Senegal after 4 years surveillance.From January 2012 to October 2015 swabs were collected from consenting ILI outpatients. Viral detection was performed using RV16 kit enabling direct subtyping RSV-A B. For molecular characterization HRSV, second hypervariable region Glycoprotein (G) gene...
Abstract This study reports the dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter baumannii clones in hospitals Antananarivo, Madagascar. A total 53 carbapenem-resistant A. isolates were obtained from September 2006 to March 2009 five hospitals. These resistant strains represent 44% all isolates. The double disk synergy test was performed screen for production metallo-beta-lactamases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing detection bla (AmpC) , (OXA-51),...
Influenza surveillance in African countries was initially restricted to the identification of circulating strains. In Senegal, network has recently been enhanced (i) include epidemiological data from Dakar and other regions (ii) extend virological respiratory viruses. Epidemiological sentinel sites is transmitted daily by mobile phone. The those for febrile syndromes similar influenza-like illnesses (ILI), corresponding integrated approach. Also, clinical samples are randomly selected...
In the context of generalization insecticide resistance, hypothesis that resistance has a positive impact on capacity mosquitoes to transmit malaria constitutes hindrance for elimination. The aim this study was investigated populations Anopheles coluzzii and gambiae S molecular form assess whether different genotypes at kdr locus are responsible susceptibility Plasmodium falciparum infection. F3 progeny An. s.l. collected in Dielmo were infected by direct membrane feeding with P....
Identifying those Mycobacterium tuberculosis latent-infected individuals most at risk of developing active (TB) using routine clinical and laboratory tests remains a huge challenge in TB control efforts. We conducted prospective longitudinal study markers associated with the contacts latent M. infection. HIV-negative household (n=296) pulmonary patients underwent monitoring features, full blood cell counts, tuberculin skin text (TST) chest radiography performed regularly during 18 months...
Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is endemic to Madagascar, particularly central highlands. Although plague has not been previously reported in northern an outbreak pneumonic occurred this remote area 2011. Over a 27-day period, 17 suspected, 2 presumptive, and 3 confirmed human cases were identified, all 15 untreated 20 patients died. Molecular typing Y. pestis isolated from survivors 5 Rattus rattus rat samples identified Madagascar-specific 1.ORI3-k single-nucleotide...
Abstract Rift Valley fever (RVF), which caused epizootics and epidemics among human livestock populations, occurred in Senegal 2013–2014. A multidisciplinary field investigation was carried out 3 regions of Senegal. We found 11 confirmed cases fever, including severe with encephalitis retinitis, 1 pool mosquito (Aedes ochraceus), 52 animals tested positive for the disease. Symptoms such as macular retinitis were most reported so far The outbreak widespread due to animals' movements, leading...
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Background Acute diarrhea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its microbiological causes clinico-epidemiological aspects were examined during the rainy seasons from 2008 to 2009 in 14 districts Madagascar. Methods Stool specimens 2196 children with acute 496 healthy collected community setting. Intestinal parasites diagnosed by microscopy bacteria culturing methods. Rota-, astro adenoviruses identified using commercially available ELISA kits rotaviruses confirmed...
Between December 2009 and November 2011, we collected 57 (12.3%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 464 pigs 16 (30.8%) 52 farmers in the largest farm Dakar. Fifty-one (70%) belonged to four major multilocus sequence typing clonal complexes (CCs): CC152 (26.0%), CC15 (19.2%), CC5 (13.7%), CC97 (10.9%). The CC variability among was similar that observed farmers. Six were recovered only resistant methicillin (10.5%). They assigned ST5-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type (SCCmec) IV...
Background Tungiasis, a parasitic skin disease caused by the female sand flea Tunga penetrans, is prevalent condition in impoverished communities tropics. In this setting, ectoparasitosis associated with important morbidity. It causes disfigurement and mutilation of feet. Feasible effective treatment not available. So far prevention only means to control tungiasis-associated Methodology two villages Central Madagascar, we assessed efficacy availability closed shoes twice-daily application...
In the progress towards malaria elimination, accurate diagnosis of low-density asymptomatic infections is critical. Low-density submicroscopic may act as silent reservoirs that maintain low-level residual transmission in community. Light microscopy, gold standard lacks sensitivity to detect parasitaemia. this study, presence and prevalence Plasmodium carriage were investigated estimate parasites reservoir among individuals living low areas Dielmo Ndiop, Senegal during dry season.A total...
Abstract Background The risk factors for the transmission of HCV vary substantially between countries and geographic regions. overall prevalence in south east Africa region has been estimated to be 1.6% but limited information about epidemiology infection Madagascar is available Methods A cross-sectional survey hepatitis C antibodies was conducted 2,169 subjects general population Antananarivo determine seroprevalence associated factors. Results 1.2% (25/2,169). did not differ significantly...
The majority of healthy individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis will not develop (TB), though many may become latently infected. More precise measurement the human immune response M. infection help us understand this difference and potentially identify those subjects most at risk developing active disease. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production has been widely used as a proxy marker study examine specific antigens. It suggested that genetically distinct strains invoke different...
Summary Objective To analyse the spatial distribution of TB in Antananarivo and investigate risk factors. Methods Pulmonary data were collected through passive case detection 16 Tuberculosis Diagnostic Treatment Centers (DTC). New cases listed DTC registers from 2004 to 2006 resident included study. Field workers national control program conducted household surveys all collect complementary information on socio‐economic status. organization factors analysed over two successive periods...