A5000914617- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
National Institutes of Health
2016-2025
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
2018-2025
Research Network (United States)
2022-2025
Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network
2023-2025
Office of the Director
2024-2025
Division of Program Coordination Planning and Strategic Initiatives
2025
University of California, Davis
2011-2024
Clinical Trial Investigators
2024
Group for the Analysis of Development
2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022
Studies in animals have documented that, compared with glucose, dietary fructose induces dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. To assess the relative effects of these sugars during sustained consumption humans, overweight obese subjects consumed glucose- or fructose-sweetened beverages providing 25% energy requirements for 10 weeks. Although both groups exhibited similar weight gain intervention, visceral adipose volume was significantly increased only consuming fructose. Fasting plasma...
OBJECTIVE:. We examined whether metabolic conditions (MCs) during pregnancy (diabetes, hypertension, and obesity) are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delays (DD), or impairments in specific domains of development the offspring.METHODS:. Children aged 2 to 5 years (517 ASD, 172 DD, 315 controls) were enrolled CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics Environment) study, a population-based, case-control investigation between January 2003 June 2010. Eligible...
The American Heart Association Nutrition Committee recommends women and men consume no more than 100 150 kcal of added sugar per day, respectively, whereas the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, suggests a maximal intake 25% or less total energy.To address this discrepancy, we compared effects consuming glucose, fructose, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) at energy requirements (E) on risk factors cardiovascular disease. PARTICIPANTS, DESIGN AND SETTING, INTERVENTION: Forty-eight adults...
Critical advancement is needed in the study of human milk as a biological system that intersects and interacts with myriad internal (maternal biology) external (diet, environment, infections) factors its plethora influences on developing infant. Human-milk composition resulting function more than sum parts. Our failure to fully understand this biology large part contributes why duration exclusive breastfeeding remains an unsettled science (if not policy). current understanding human-milk...
Although clinicians have traditionally used the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool to assess severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal, a newer function-based approach - Eat, Sleep, Console care is increasing in use. Whether new can safely reduce time until infants are medically ready for discharge when it applied broadly across diverse sites unknown.In this cluster-randomized, controlled trial at 26 U.S. hospitals, we enrolled with withdrawal syndrome who had been born 36 weeks'...
Importance Maternal milk feeding of extremely preterm infants during the birth hospitalization has been associated with better neurodevelopmental outcomes compared formula. For receiving no or minimal maternal milk, it is unknown whether donor human conveys similar advantages vs Objective To determine if nutrient-fortified, pasteurized improves at 22 to 26 months’ corrected age infant formula among who received milk. Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized clinical trial...
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous groups have shown circulating biomarkers inflammation in MetS. However, there are scanty data on the cellular sources contributing to this low-grade inflammation.The aim study was determine role sc adipose tissue (SAT) biology nascent MetS without concomitant or CVD.Subjects controls were recruited after informed consent. Fasting blood collected, SAT obtained by...
Prospective studies in humans examining the effects of fructose consumption on biological markers associated with development metabolic syndrome are lacking. Therefore we investigated relative 10 wks or glucose plasma uric acid and RBP-4 concentrations, as well liver enzyme (AST, ALT, GGT) activities men women.As part a parallel arm study, older (age 40-72), overweight obese male female subjects (BMI 25-35 kg/m2) consumed glucose- fructose-sweetened beverages providing 25% energy...
Adipose tissue dysregulation causing aberrant adipokine secretion contributes toward the proinflammatory state of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there are scant data on role novel adipokines in MetS.The aim this study was to determine levels circulating and adipose tissue-secreted adipokines, chemerin, omentin-1, resistin, visfatin nascent MetS patients without diabetes or cardiovascular disease their relation with features MetS.Subjects gender- age-matched controls were recruited after...
The incidence of insulin resistance has increased dramatically over the past several years, and we others have proposed that this increase may at least in part be attributable to dietary fructose consumption. However, a major limitation study diet-induced is lack relevant animal models. Numerous studies, mostly rodents, demonstrated diets high induce resistance; however, important metabolic differences exist between rodents primates. Thus, results studies performed primates are substantively...
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters and anthropometric measurements with sugar-sweetened beverage intake physical activity levels.
Metabolic complications relating to complex effects of viral and immune-mediated mechanisms are now a focus clinical care among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), obesity is emerging as critical problem. To address knowledge gaps, the US National Institutes Health sponsored symposium in May 2018 entitled "Obesity Fat Metabolism HIV-infected Individuals." Mechanisms adipose dysfunction fibrosis, immune function, inflammation, gastrointestinal integrity were highlighted...
Importance Meta-analyses suggest that corticosteroids may be associated with increased survival without cerebral palsy in infants at high risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) but are adverse neurologic outcomes low-risk infants. Whether this association exists contemporary practice is uncertain because most randomized clinical trials administered earlier and higher doses than currently recommended. Objective To evaluate whether the pretreatment death or grade 2 3 BPD 36 weeks’...