A5065084807- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Phytase and its Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Algal biology and biofuel production
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
2008-2024
Abstract Even though Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) have been found in every sequenced plant genome, a comprehensive understanding of their functionality is lacking. In this study, we focused on the SWEET family barley (Hordeum vulgare). A radiotracer assay revealed that expressing HvSWEET11b African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) oocytes facilitated bidirectional transfer not only just sucrose and glucose, but also cytokinin. Barley plants harboring loss-of-function...
Rootless plants in the genus Wolffia are some of fastest growing known on Earth. have a reduced body plan, primarily multiplying through budding type asexual reproduction. Here, we generated draft reference genomes for australiana (Benth.) Hartog & Plas, which has smallest genome size at 357 Mb and set predicted protein-coding genes about 15,000. Comparison between multiple high-quality sequences from W. clones confirmed loss several hundred that highly conserved among flowering plants,...
Abstract Adventitious root (AR) formation is one of the most important developmental processes in vegetative propagation. Although genotypic differences rose rooting ability are well known, causal factors not understood. The two contrasting genotypes, ‘Herzogin Friederike’ and ‘Mariatheresia’, was compared following a multiscale approach. Using magnetic resonance imaging, we non-invasively monitored inner structure stem cuttings during initiation progression AR for first time. Spatially...
Summary Germination, the process whereby a dry, quiescent seed springs to life, has been focus of plant biologist for many years, yet early events following water uptake, during which metabolism embryo is restarted, remain enigmatic. Here, nature cues required this restarting in oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) investigated. A holistic vivo approach was designed display link between entry and allocation water, metabolic structural changes occurring germination. For this, we combined...
Abstract Maize (Zea mays) kernels are the largest cereal grains, and their endosperm is severely oxygen deficient during grain fill. The causes, dynamics, mechanisms of acclimation to hypoxia minimally understood. Here, we demonstrate that develops in small, growing endosperm, but not nucellus, becomes standard state, regardless diverse structural genetic perturbations modern maize (B73, popcorn, sweet corn), mutants (sweet4c, glossy6, waxy), non-domesticated wild relatives (teosintes...
The development of crop varieties that are resistant to lodging is a top priority for breeding programmes. Herein, we characterize the rye mutant ´Stabilstroh' ('stable straw') possessing an exceptional combination high resistance, tall posture and biomass production. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging displayed 3-dimensional assembly vascular bundles in stem. A higher number degree their incline were features lodging-resistant versus lodging-prone lines. Histology electron microscopy...
Camelina is an oil seed crop that enjoying increasing interest because it has a particularly valuable fatty acid profile, modest regarding its water and nutrient requirements, comparatively resilient to abiotic biotic stress factors. The regeneration of plants from cells accessible genetic manipulation essential prerequisite for the generation genetically engineered plants, be by transgenesis or genome editing. Here, immature embryos were used on assumption their incomplete differentiation...
The tradeoff between protein and oil storage in oilseed crops has been tested here rape (Brassica napus) by analyzing the effect of suppressing key genes encoding products (napin cruciferin). phenotypic outcomes were assessed using NMR mass spectrometry imaging, microscopy, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, immunological assays, flux balance analysis. Surprisingly, profile was only moderately changed RNA interference transgenics. However, embryonic cells had undergone...
Abstract Cereal grains contribute substantially to the human diet. The maternal plant provides carbohydrate and nitrogen sources deposited in endosperm, but basis for their spatial allocation during grain filling process is obscure. Here, vacuolar processing enzymes have been shown both mediate programmed cell death (PCD) tissues of a barley influence delivery assimilate endosperm. proposed centrality PCD has implications cereal crop improvement.
Brassicaceae seeds consist of three genetically distinct structures: the embryo, endosperm and seed coat, all which are involved in assimilate allocation during development. The complexity their metabolic interrelations remains unresolved to date. In present study, we apply state-of-the-art imaging analytical approaches assess environment Brassica napus embryo. Nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI) provided volumetric data on living embryo endosperm, revealing how envelops determining endosperm's...
Abstract Background Duckweeds are small, rapidly growing aquatic flowering plants. Due to their ability for biomass production at high rates they represent promising candidates biofuel feedstocks. also excellent model organisms because can be maintained in well-defined liquid media, usually reproduce asexually, and genomic resources becoming increasingly available. To demonstrate the utility of duckweed integrated metabolic studies, we examined adaptation Lemna gibba cultures different...
Vascular patterning is intimately related to plant form and function. Here, using barley (Hordeum vulgare) as a model, we studied the vascular anatomy of spike-type inflorescence. The main aim present work was clarify relationship between rachis (spike axis) vasculature spike size, define dynamics discuss implications for transport capacity its interaction with spikelets.
Summary The initial free expansion of the embryo within a seed is at some point inhibited by its contact with testa, resulting in formation folds and borders. Although less obvious, mechanical forces appear to trigger accelerate maturation. However, mechanistic basis for this effect remains unclear. Manipulation constraints affecting either vivo or vitro growth oilseed rape embryos was combined analytical approaches, including magnetic resonance imaging computer graphic reconstruction,...
Abstract Hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a natural allopolyploid and provides usable model system to better understand the genetic mechanisms that underlie speciation through hybrid genome doubling. Here we aimed identify contribution of chromosome 1D in development evolution hexaploid wheat. We identified mapped novel DEFECTIVE ENDOSPERM–D1 Dee-D1 ) locus on 1DL involved control endosperm development. The absence leads non-viable grains distant crosses alters grain shape, which...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a versatile technique in the biomedical field, but its application to study of plant metabolism vivo remains challenging because magnetic susceptibility problems. In this study, we report establishment chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) for MRI. This method enables noninvasive access sugars and amino acids complex sink organs (seeds, fruits, taproots, tubers) major crops (maize, barley, pea, potato, sugar beet, sugarcane). Because high signal...
Evaluation of relevant seed traits is an essential part most plant breeding and biotechnology programs. There need for non-destructive, three-dimensional assessment the morphometry, composition, internal features seeds. Here, we introduced a novel tool, MRI-Seed-Wizard, which integrates deep learning algorithms with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) its use in new domain - MRI. The tool enabled vivo quantification 23 grain traits, including volumetric parameters inner structure....
Abstract Wolffia is the fastest growing plant genus on Earth with a recorded doubling time of less than day. has dramatically reduced body plan, primarily through continuous, budding-type asexual reproduction no obvious phase transition. Most plants are bound by 24-hour light-dark cycle majority processes such as gene expression partitioned or phased to specific time-of-day (TOD). However, role that TOD information and circadian clock plays in facilitating growth fast-growing unknown. Here...
Abstract Background and aims Vascular patterning is intimately related to plant form function. However, morphologic a l studies on the vascular anatomy of cereal crops, inflorescences in particular, are scarce despite their importance for grain yield determination. Here, using barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) as model, we study spike-type inflorescence. Our goal clarify relationship between rachis (spike axis) vasculature spike size, implications transport capacity its interaction with spikelets....