A5007604702- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Biotin and Related Studies
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Monash University
2015-2024
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
2013-2024
Discovery Institute
2016-2023
Royal Veterinary College
2016-2022
University College London
2016-2022
University of Birmingham
2020-2022
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
2020-2021
The University of Melbourne
2020-2021
Orthopaedic Hospital
2016-2019
Tsinghua University
2017-2019
The gut hormone ghrelin targets the brain to promote food intake and adiposity. receptor growth secretagogue 1 (GHSR) is present in hypothalamic centers controlling energy metabolism as well ventral tegmental area (VTA), a region important for motivational aspects of multiple behaviors, including feeding. Here we show that mice rats, bound neurons VTA, where it triggered increased dopamine neuronal activity, synapse formation, turnover nucleus accumbens GHSR-dependent manner. Direct VTA...
Circulating ghrelin is decreased in obesity, and peripheral does not induce food intake obese mice. We investigated whether resistance was a centrally mediated phenomenon involving dysregulated neuropeptide Y (NPY) agouti-related peptide (AgRP) circuits. show that diet-induced obesity (DIO) (12 wk) suppresses the neuroendocrine system by decreasing acylated total plasma ghrelin, Goat mRNA stomach, expression of hypothalamic GHSR. Peripheral (ip) or central (intracerebroventricular) injection...
Ghrelin targets the hypothalamus to regulate food intake and adiposity. Endogenous ghrelin receptors [growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR)] are also present in extrahypothalamic sites where they promote circuit activity associated with learning memory, reward seeking behavior. Here, we show that substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), a brain region dopamine (DA) cell degeneration leads Parkinson's disease (PD), expresses GHSR. binds SNpc cells, electrically activates DA neurons,...
Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins dissociate ATP synthesis from oxygen consumption in mitochondria and suppress free-radical production. We show that genetic manipulation of protein-2 (UCP2) directly affects substantia nigra dopamine cell function. Overexpression UCP2 increases mitochondrial uncoupling, whereas deletion reduces the nigra-ventral tegmental area. decreased reactive species (ROS) production, which was measured using dihydroethidium because it is specifically oxidized to...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Adult human endometrial derived stem cells (HEDSC), readily obtainable type mesenchymal stem-like cell, were used to generate and for transplantation. Cells expressing CD90, platelet growth factor (PDGF)-Rβ CD146 but not CD45 or CD31 differentiated in vitro into neurons that exhibited axon projections, pyramidal cell bodies dendritic projections recapitulate synapse formation; these also...
ABSTRACT Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) 1a is the only molecularly identified for ghrelin, mediating ghrelin‐related effects on eating, body weight, and blood glucose control, among others. The expression pattern of GHSR within brain has been assessed previously by several neuroanatomical techniques. However, inherent limitations to these techniques lack reliable anti‐GHSR antibodies reporter rodent models that identify GHSR‐containing neurons have prevented a more comprehensive...
Mitochondria are essential organelles in neurons providing appropriate energetic needs to maintain resting and action potentials as well modulate synaptic plasticity. Although neuronal events underlie various behavioral events, the behavior itself, such voluntary exercise, feeds back affect morphology function glial function. The hippocampal formation is a main site of plasticity induced by exercise. Here we show that exercise induces uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) mRNA expression mitochondrial...
Calorie restriction (CR) is neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease (PD) although the mechanisms are unknown. In this study we hypothesized that elevated ghrelin, a gut hormone with properties, during CR prevents neurodegeneration an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD. attenuated MPTP-induced loss substantia nigra (SN) dopamine neurons and striatal turnover ghrelin WT but not KO mice, demonstrating mediates CR's effect. phosphorylated AMPK ACC levels striatum mice...
A complex neural network regulates body weight and energy balance, dysfunction in the communication between gut this is associated with metabolic diseases, such as obesity. The stomach-derived hormone ghrelin stimulates appetite through interactions neurons arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARH). Here, we evaluated physiological neurobiological contribution during development by specifically blocking action early postnatal mice. Ghrelin blockade neonatal mice resulted enhanced ARH projections...
OBJECTIVE Pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) is an adipocyte-secreted involved in the development of insulin resistance obesity. Previous studies have identified PEDF as a regulator triacylglycerol metabolism liver that may act through adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). We used ATGL−/− mice to determine role regulating lipid and glucose metabolism. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Recombinant was administered wild-type mice, whole-body energy studied by indirect calorimetry. Adipose tissue...