Abstract Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) can catalyze the formation of two successive peptide bonds by hijacking aminoacyl-tRNAs from ribosomal machinery resulting in diketopiperazines (DKPs). Here, three CDPS-containing loci ( dmt1–3 ) are discovered genome mining and comparative analysis Streptomyces strains. Among them, CDPS DmtB1, encoded gene dmt1 locus, synthesize cyclo L -Trp- -Xaa) (with Xaa being Val, Pro, Leu, Ile, or Ala). Systematic mutagenesis experiments demonstrate importance...

To rapidly identify earthquake damage areas after earthquakes occur, a method based on Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) night-time light (NTL) images with nearly constant contrast (NCC) is proposed. The differences between post-earthquake and mean image of 3 months VIIRS NCC NTL before an are taken to reflect the effects city brightness loss, eliminating influence clouds, lunar solar irradiance, poor-quality pixels. In addition, standard deviation (STD) collected during...

With the booming development of evacuation simulation software, developing an extensive database in indoor scenarios for models is imperative. In this paper, we conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis collected videotapes aim to provide complete unitary pedestrians' earthquake emergency response behaviors scenarios, including human-environment interactions. Using method, extract keyword groups keywords that code modes pedestrians construct general decision flowchart using...

Abstract A further understanding of tumor angiogenesis is urgently needed due to the limited therapeutic efficacy anti-angiogenesis agents. However, origin endothelial cells (EC) in tumors remains widely elusive and controversial. Snail has been thoroughly elucidated as a master regulator epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), but its role endothelium generation not yet established. In this study, we reported new unexpected function by breast cancer cells. We showed that high...

As a unique structural moiety in natural products, cinnamoyl lipids (CLs), are proposed to be assembled by unusual type II polyketide synthases (PKSs). Herein, we demonstrate that the assembly of CL compounds youssoufenes is accomplished PKS system uniquely harbors three phylogenetically different ketosynthase/chain length factor (KS/CLF) complexes (YsfB/C, YsfD/E, and YsfJ/K). Through vivo gene inactivation vitro reconstitution, as well an intracellular tagged carrier-protein tracking...

Bacillaenes are a class of poly-unsaturated enamines produced by Bacillus strains that notoriously unstable toward light, oxygen, and normal temperature. Herein, in an in-depth study this highly chemotype, the stability biological function bacillaenes were investigated. The structure change bacillaene scaffold was tracked time-course 1H NMR data analysis coupled with differential 2D-NMR spectra method, which demonstrated to be "domino" effect triggered 4′,5′-cis (2 3) configuration...

Actinomycete genome sequencing has disclosed a large number of cryptic secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. However, their unavailable or limited expression severely hampered the discovery bioactive compounds. The whiB-like (wbl) regulatory genes play important roles in morphological differentiation as well metabolism; and hence wblA so was probed set target to activate clusters deepsea-derived Streptomyces somaliensis SCSIO ZH66. from S. ZH66 inactivated, leading significant...

Two new (1 and 2) along with six known (3-8) dixiamycins were isolated from the culture broth of a cold-seep-derived actinomycete, Streptomyces olivaceus OUCLQ19-3. Structures compounds elucidated based on extensive MS NMR spectroscopic analyses together ECD calculations. In antibacterial test, 1-8 exhibited notable growth inhibitions against panel multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains MIC values 0.78-6.25 μg/mL, among which 1, 2, 5-7 more potent than positive control tetracycline.

The competition between radar and jammer is one important issue in modern electronic warfare, which principle can be viewed as a non-cooperative game with two players. In this work, the frequency agile (FA) noise-modulated considered. As FA adopts coherent processing several pulses, hence multiple-round way where each pulse modeled round interaction jammer. To capture such property well imperfect information inside game, i.e., are unable to know upcoming signal, we propose an extensive-form...

The cinnamoyl lipid compound youssoufene A1 (1), featuring a unique dearomatic carbon-bridged dimeric skeleton, exhibits increased inhibition against multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecalis as compared to monomeric youssoufenes. However, the formation process of this intriguing dearomatization/dimerization remains unknown. In study, an unusual "gene-within-gene" thioesterase (TE) gene ysfF was functionally characterized. found naturally encodes two proteins, entire YsfF with α/β-hydrolase...

Introduction Buildings that collapse or are damaged by earthquakes responsible for the majority of earthquake-related casualties. High-precision building data key to improving accuracy risk assessments earthquake disaster loss. Many countries and regions have also proposed varying regional exposure models, but most these models still based on administrative-level (city county) statistical data; furthermore, they cannot accurately reflect differences among buildings in different towns...

Four new amino acid derivatives, herdmanines A–D (1–4), were isolated from the marine ascidian Herdmania momus. Herdmanines A–C contain unusual d-form of arginine. Compounds 3 and 4 had a moderate suppressive effect on production NO, with IC50 values 96 9 μM, respectively. These compounds found to inhibit mRNA expression iNOS. The inhibitory activities pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 evaluated.

Polyene antibiotics are important as antifungal medicines albeit with serious side effects such nephrotoxicity. Reedsmycin (RDM) A (1), produced by marine-derived Streptomyces youssoufiensis OUC6819, is a non-glycosylated polyene macrolide antibiotic activity comparable to that of clinically used nystatin. To elucidate its biosynthetic machinery, herein, the rdm gene cluster was cloned and characterized.The located within 104 kb DNA region harboring 21 open reading frames (ORFs), among which...

Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) are simple homodimer ketosynthases that distribute across plants, fungi, and bacteria, catalyzing formation of pyrone- resorcinol-types aromatic polyketides with various bioactivities. The broad substrate promiscuity displayed by type PKSs makes them wonderful candidates for expanding chemical diversity polyketides. Violapyrone B (VLP B, 10), an α-pyrone compound produced deepsea-derived Streptomyces somaliensis SCSIO ZH66, is encoded a PKS VioA. We...

Disruption of an aminotransferase family gene dtlA activated the production a novel dimeric benzoic polyene acids (BPAs), named youssoufene A1 (1), along with four new (2–5, youssoufenes B1–B4) and known (6) monomeric BPA in marine-derived Streptomyces youssoufiensis OUC6819. The structures 1–5 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic computational approaches. Youssoufene (1) exhibited notably increased growth inhibition (MIC = 12.5 μg/mL) against multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecalis...

A bacterial strain with good antibacterial activities against Staphylococus aureus and Escherichia coli was isolated from a marine sponge Stelleta sp., it identified as Psychrobacter sp. by comparative 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In our search for bioactive secondary metabolites this psychrophillic halotolerent bacterium, sixteen cyclic dipeptides (1-16) were their structures on the basis of NMR test compounds protective effect Vibrio vulnificusinduced cytotoxicity in human intestinal...

Abstract Macrolactins (MLNs) have unique structural patterns containing a 24‐membered ring lactone and diverse bioactivities. The MLN skeleton is biosynthesized via trans‐acyl transferase (AT) type I polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway, but the tailoring steps are still unknown. Herein, we report identification of glycosyltransferase (GT) gene bmmGT1, which located at different locus from cluster in genome marine‐derived Bacillus marinus B‐9987, its functional characterization as an GT, thus...

A new (1, grincamycin L) and two known (2 3) angucycline derivatives were obtained from the fermentation of deepsea-derived Streptomyces lusitanus OUCT16-27 strain. The structures 1–3 elucidated based on LC-MS analysis together with 1D 2D NMR data assignment. In antibacterial assay, 1 2 exhibited moderate growth inhibitions against multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains E. faecium, faecalis S. aureus minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) 3.12–6.25 µg/mL.

This article focuses on the rapid assessment of possible numbers casualties after an earthquake. We use data earthquake to study and verify relationship between building types, anti-lethal levels, seismic intensity other influencing factors. A method for based buildings' level is proposed. The first uses proportions various types buildings obtain overall area. Second, according historical casualty data, rate each in area obtained. On this basis, a matrix constructed intensity. Finally, we...