A5017599509- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- RNA regulation and disease
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
2015-2025
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
2019
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
2013
Vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been associated with vaccine- induced thrombosis thrombocytopenia syndrome (VITT/TTS), but the causative factors are still unresolved. We comprehensively analyzed ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson Johnson) vaccines. contains significant amounts of host cell protein impurities, including functionally active proteasomes, adenoviral proteins. A much smaller amount impurities was found in Ad26.COV2.S. Platelet factor 4 formed complexes...
Although nucleo-cytoplasmic transport is typically mediated through nuclear pore complexes, herpesvirus capsids exit the nucleus via a unique vesicular pathway. Together, conserved proteins pUL31 and pUL34 form heterodimeric egress complex (NEC), which, in turn, mediates formation of tight-fitting membrane vesicles around at inner membrane. Here, we present crystal structure pseudorabies virus NEC. The revealed that zinc finger motif an extensive interaction network between two stabilize...
Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCov-19 rarely causes vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) that—like autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia—is mediated by platelet-activating anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. Methods We investigated vaccine, PF4, and VITT patient-derived anti-PF4 antibody interactions using dynamic light scattering, 3D-super-resolution microscopy, electron microscopy. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze composition. the...
Global spread and regional endemicity of H5Nx Goose/Guangdong avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a continuous threat for poultry production zoonotic, potentially pre-pandemic, transmission to humans. Little is known about the role mutations in viral neuraminidase (NA) that accompanied bird-to-human support AIV infection mammals. Here, after detailed analysis NA sequence human H5N1 viruses, we studied A46D, L204M, S319F S430G virus fitness vitro vivo . Although carrying avian- or human-like...
Endemically infected European wild boar are considered a major reservoir of African swine fever virus in Europe. While high lethality was observed the majority field cases, strains moderate virulence occurred Baltic States. One these, “Estonia 2014”, led to higher number clinically healthy, antibody-positive animals hunting bag North-Eastern Estonia. Experimental characterization showed but domestic pigs. Putative pathogenic differences between and pigs unresolved comparative pathological...
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large DNA of the Asfarviridae family that causes fatal hemorrhagic disease in domestic and wild boar. Infections with moderately virulent strains predominantly result milder clinical course lower lethality. As target cells ASFV, monocytes play crucial role triggering T-cell-mediated immune defense ASF pathogenesis. We compared effect highly "Armenia2008" (ASFV-A) strain naturally attenuated "Estonia2014" (ASFV-E) on cellular activation vivo primary ex...
High pathogenicity (HP) avian influenza viruses (AIV) generally evolve from low (LP) precursors after transmission wild birds to chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) and turkeys Meleagris gallopavo ), causing severe economic losses worldwide. Turkeys are more susceptible AIV infection than considered potential bridging hosts that facilitate the emergence of HPAIV. Beyond polybasic cleavage site (pCS) in hemagglutinin (HA), little is known about other virulence determinants HPAIV these...
Our recent study using in silico data mining identified novel culterviruses ( Bornaviridae ) fish, including a variant of Wuhan sharpbelly bornavirus (WhSBV) grass carp kidney and liver cell lines. Here, metagenomic sequencing different fish lines revealed WhSBV two additional swim bladder lines, GSB CiSB. Using these we investigated the ability to infect establish persistent infection other from bony (Cypriniformes, Chichliformes, Salmoniformes, Centrarchiformes Spariformes), reptiles...
Highly contagious Newcastle disease (ND) is associated with devastating outbreaks highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. In this study we aimed to verify ND suspicions in poultry holdings Egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of ND-vaccinated three governorates. Besides testing for virus (NDV), samples were screened infectious bronchitis (IBV) avian influenza (AIV) by RT-qPCR as well non-directed cell-culture approach on...
Abstract African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a lethal animal pathogen that enters its host cells through endocytosis. So far, factors specifically required for ASFV replication have been barely identified. In this study genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen in porcine indicated the genes RFXANK, RFXAP, SLA-DMA, SLA-DMB, and CIITA are important productive infection. The proteins encoded by these belong to major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II), or leucocyte antigen (SLA II). RFXAP MHC...
Emerging infectious diseases represent an increasing threat to human and animal health. Therefore, safe effective vaccines that could be available within a short time frame after outbreak are required for adequate prevention control. Here, we developed robust versatile self-assembling multimeric protein scaffold particle (MPSP) vaccine platform using lumazine synthase (LS) from Aquifex aeolicus. This allowed the presentation of peptide epitopes by genetic fusion as well large antigens...
Many insect cell lines are persistently infected with insect-specific viruses (ISV) often unrecognized by the scientific community. Considering recent findings showing possibility of interference between arbovirus and ISV infections, it is important to pay attention ISV-infected lines. One example Entomobirnavirus, Culex Y virus (CYV). Here we describe detection CYV using a combination small RNA sequencing, electron microscopy PCR in mosquito Aag2, U4.4 C7-10. We found CYV-specific RNAs all...
ABSTRACT Herpesvirus capsids assemble in the nucleus, while final virion maturation proceeds cytoplasm. This requires that newly formed nucleocapsids cross nuclear envelope (NE), which occurs by budding at inner membrane (INM), release of primary enveloped into perinuclear space (PNS), and subsequent rapid fusion with outer (ONM). During this process, NE remains intact, even late stages infection. In addition, spacing between INM ONM is maintained, as membranes. The linker nucleoskeleton...
Dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) are critically involved in the early response against various bacterial microbes. Functional activation of infected DCs NK cell-mediated gamma interferon (IFN-γ) secretion essentially contribute to protective immunity Chlamydia How cooperate during antichlamydial is not fully understood. Therefore, present study, we investigated functional interplay between Chlamydia-infected cells. Our biochemical cell biological experiments show that...
A novel avian alphaherpesvirus, preliminarily designated sphenicid alphaherpesvirus 1 (SpAHV-1), has been independently isolated from juvenile Humboldt and African penguins (Spheniscus humboldti Spheniscus demersus) kept in German zoos suffering diphtheroid oropharyngitis/laryngotracheitis necrotizing enteritis (collectively as penguin-diphtheria-like disease). High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the complete genome sequences of first two SpAHV-1 isolates. comprises a class D...
Endemically infected European wild boar are considered a major reservoir of African swine fever virus in Europe. While high lethality was observed the majority field cases, strains moderate virulence occurred Baltic States. One these, “Estonia 2014”, led to higher number clinically healthy, antibody-positive animals hunting bag North-Eastern Estonia. Experimental characterization showed but domestic pigs. Putative pathogenic differences between and pigs unresolved...
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune critically involved in the early response against various pathogens including chlamydia. Here, we demonstrate that chlamydia-infected NK prevent intracellular establishment and growth of bacteria. Upon infection, they display functional maturation characterized by enhanced IFN-γ secretion, CD146 induction, PKCϴ activation, granule secretion. Eventually, chlamydia released a non-infectious, highly immunogenic form driving potent Th1 response....
A plethora of substrates and functions have been assigned to the alphaherpesviral pUS3 kinase, including a role in nuclear egress. In PrV, two different isoforms are expressed, which differ size, abundance, intracellular localization. Their respective replication is unknown, however. Here, we show that efficient egress PrV requires smaller isoform intact kinase activity, whereas absence larger has no significant effect on viral replication. Thus, there clear distinction function between US3...
Newly assembled herpesvirus nucleocapsids are translocated from the nucleus to cytosol by a vesicle-mediated process engaging nuclear membranes. This transport is governed conserved egress complex (NEC), consisting of alphaherpesviral pUL34 and pUL31 homologs. The NEC not only required for efficient but also sufficient vesicle formation inner membrane (INM), as well synthetic lipid bilayers. recently solved crystal structures NECs different herpesviruses revealed molecular details this...