A5058964983- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Material Dynamics and Properties
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Travel-related health issues
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
Robert Koch Institute
2005-2023
University of Alberta
2023
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2005-2020
German Center for Infection Research
2020
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2020
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2020
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
2007-2013
University of Southern California
2007-2013
University of Kaiserslautern
2009-2012
In low-resource settings, many programs recommend that women who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stop breast-feeding early. We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate whether abrupt weaning at 4 months as compared standard practice has net benefit for HIV-free survival of children.We enrolled 958 HIV-infected and their infants in Lusaka, Zambia. All planned breast-feed exclusively months; 481 were randomly assigned counseling program encouraged months, 477 continued...
The conformation transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel as a function the methanol mole fraction in water/methanol mixtures is studied both experimentally and by atomistic molecular dynamics simulation with explicit solvents. composition range which occurs determined at 268.15, 298.15, 313.15 K. In these experiments, cononsolvency, i.e., collapse intermediate concentrations while swollen pure solvents, observed 268.15 298.15 cononsolvency present does not significantly depend on...
Background Empirical data showing the clear benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for HIV prevention are needed to encourage implementation lactation support programs HIV-infected women in low resource settings among whom replacement feeding is unsafe. We conducted a prospective, observational study Lusaka, Zambia, test hypothesis that EBF associated with lower risk postnatal transmission than non-EBF. Methods and Results As part randomized trial early weaning, 958 their infants were...
Abstract In 2004, a major outbreak of hepatitis A among tourists returning from Egypt involved 351 case-patients 9 European countries who were infected with single strain (genotype 1b). The case-control study identified orange juice as the most likely infection vehicle. Vaccination against virus is strongly recommended before travel to disease-endemic areas.
An aim of the ECDC point prevalence survey (PPS) in European Union/European Economic Area acute care hospitals was to acquire standardised healthcare-associated infections (HAI) data. We analysed one most common HAIs PPS, pneumonia (HAP). Standardised HAI case definitions were provided and countries advised recruit nationally representative subsets hospitals. calculated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around estimates adjusted for clustering at hospital level. Of 231,459 patients survey,...
Integral membrane and secretory proteins which fail to fold productively are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum targeted for degradation by cytoplasmic proteasomes. Genetic biochemical analyses suggest that substrates of this pathway must be dislocated across (ER) a process requiring functional Sec61 complex multiubiquitinylation. In yeast, tail-anchored ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc6p, is localized surface ER,participates ER-associated (ERAD) misfolded proteins. Here we describe...
Recent analysis of trends non-invasive infections with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MRSA in outpatient settings and co-resistance profiles isolates are scarce or lacking Germany.We analysed data from the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (ARS). We included first isolate S. per patient year, which had a valid test result for oxacillin resistance was not screening sample. limited to facilities, contributed ARS all six years between 2010 2015. compared...
BackgroundHealthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose a major challenge to health systems. Burden of disease estimations in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) are useful for comparing and ranking HAIs.AimTo estimate the number five common HAIs, their attributable deaths burden Germany.MethodsWe developed new method R package that builds on approach used by Communicable Diseases Europe (BCoDE) project HAIs individual countries. We data healthcare-associated Clostridioides difficile...
Data from surveillance networks show that men have a higher incidence rate of infections with anti-microbial-resistant (AMR) pathogens than women. We systematically analysed data and colonisations AMR under mandatory in Germany to quantify gender-specific differences. calculated incidence-rates (IR) per 100,000 person–years for invasive Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), or carbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobacter spp. (CRA), Enterobacterales (CRE), using the entire German...
Concern for potential adverse effects of antiretroviral (ARV) chemotherapy used to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission has led the US Public Health Service recommend long-term follow-up ARV-exposed children. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ARV agents can inhibit DNA polymerase gamma, impairing mitochondrial (mtDNA) synthesis and resulting in depletion or dysfunction.We measured mtDNA content stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) 411 healthy children who were born...
Drivers of antibiotic (AB) resistance (ABR) include outpatient treatment, hospital care and animal husbandry. During the first phase One Health project RAI (Responsible Antibiotic Use via Information Communication) surveys were conducted in these sectors. To compare perceptions attitudes towards ABR among general practitioners (GPs), physicians, veterinarians, pig farmers public. Cross-sectional questions on AB use integrated group-specific GPs, German population. A total 1789 participants...
We report an outbreak of coronavirus disease with 74 cases related to a nightclub in Germany March 2020. Staff members were particularly affected (attack rate 56%) and likely caused sustained viral transmission after event at the club. This illustrates potential for superspreader events corroborates current club closures.
BackgroundCotrimoxazole prophylaxis is recommended for subgroups of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected adults and children to reduce all-cause morbidity mortality. We investigated whether antenatal cotrimoxazole begun during pregnancy HIV-infected pregnant women with low CD4 cell counts would affect birth outcomes
Given the central role that interleukin 15 (IL-15) plays in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunity, we hypothesized IL-15 breast milk may protect against postnatal HIV transmission. In a nested case-control study, compared levels 22 HIV-infected women who transmitted to their infants those 72 nontransmitters. Samples were collected first month of life, prior infection. concentrations associated with decreased risk transmission unadjusted analysis and after adjusting for viral load, CD4...
Background Breast milk transmission of HIV-1 remains a major route pediatric infection. Defining the characteristics viral variants to which breastfeeding infants are exposed is important for understanding genetic bottleneck that occurs in majority mother-to-child transmissions. The blood-milk epithelial barrier markedly restricts quantity breast milk, even absence antiretroviral drugs. basis this restriction and relationship between blood not well established. Methodology/Principal Findings...
Reducing the frequency of breast-feeding during weaning and nonexclusive boosts HIV-1 RNA DNA concentrations in breast milk HIV-infected women.
Voluntary surveillance systems in Germany suggest a recent decline the incidence of infections (subsequent to at least 2010) with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from various types specimens and settings. We asked whether this is reflected by data mandatory national system for invasive MRSA infections. Our analysis based on population 2010 2014. Cases were identified passive reporting microbiological laboratories diagnosis blood culture or cerebrospinal fluid. Respective...
We investigated the faecal carriage prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production in Escherichia coli (EP-EC) and/or Klebsiella pneumoniae (EP-KP) and risk factors associated with among adult study subjects Finland, Germany, Latvia, Poland, Russia Sweden (partner countries). The aim was to get indicative data on ESBL-carriage specific populations region. Faecal samples were collected from four screened ChromID-ESBL ChromID-OXA-48 plates. Positive isolates further characterised...