A5072855877- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Gut microbiota and health
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
Institut Pasteur
2013-2024
Université Paris Cité
2021-2024
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
2021-2024
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
2013
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1991-2008
University of Dundee
1998-2000
Inserm
1990-1991
DNA supercoiling is essential for bacterial cell survival. We demonstrated that topoisomerase IV, acting in concert with I and gyrase, makes an important contribution to the steady-state level of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Following inhibition IV alone relaxed plasmid a final density (ς) −0.015 at initial rate 0.8 links min<sup>−1</sup>. Topoisomerase faster rate, 5 min<sup>−1</sup>, but only ς −0.05. Inhibition wild-type cells increased approximately same as mutant lacking activity (to =...
The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata is a frequent cause of candidiasis, causing infections ranging from superficial to life-threatening disseminated disease. inherent tolerance C. azole drugs makes this serious clinical threat. To identify novel genes implicated in antifungal drug tolerance, we have constructed large-scale deletion library consisting 619 unique, individually bar-coded mutant strains, each lacking one specific gene, all together representing almost 12% the...
Candida albicans is the most frequently encountered human fungal pathogen, causing both superficial infections and life-threatening systemic diseases. Functional genomic studies performed in this organism have mainly used knock-out mutants extensive collections of overexpression are still lacking. Here, we report development a first generation C. ORFeome, improvement systems construction two new libraries strains overexpressing genes for components signaling networks, particular protein...
Candida albicans chronically colonizes the respiratory tract of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). It competes CF-associated pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and contributes to disease severity. We hypothesize that C. undergoes specific adaptation mechanisms explain its persistence in CF lung environment. To identify underlying genetic phenotypic determinants, we serially recovered 146 clinical isolates over a period 30 months from sputum 25 antifungal-naive patients. Multilocus...
Palindromic Units (PU or REP) were defined as DNA sequences of 40 nucleotides highly repeated on the genome Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae . PU are found in clusters up to six occurrences always localized extragenic regions. By sorting known containing regions into different classes, we show here for first time that, besides themselves, each contains a number conserved sequence motifs. Seven such motifs identified with present list Remarkably, cluster is exclusively composed...
Biofilm formation is an important virulence trait of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. We have combined gene overexpression, strain barcoding and microarray profiling to screen a library 531 C. albicans conditional overexpression strains (∼10% genome) for genes affecting biofilm development in mixed-population experiments. The 16 increased occupancy within multi-strain biofilm, whereas 4 decreased it. set was significantly enriched those encoding predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol...
Candida albicans is part of the human gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota. To better understand how C. efficiently establishes GI colonisation, we competitively challenged growth 572 signature-tagged strains (~10% genome coverage), each conditionally overexpressing a single gene, in murine gut. We identified CRZ2, transcription factor whose overexpression and deletion respectively increased decreased early colonisation. Using clues from genome-wide expression gene-set enrichment analyses, found...
Abstract The human commensal fungus Candida albicans can attach to epithelia or indwelling medical devices and form biofilms, that are highly tolerant antifungal drugs evade the immune response. cell surface protein Pga59 has been shown influence adhesion biofilm formation. Here, we present evidence displays amyloid properties. Using electron microscopy, staining with an fibre-specific dye X-ray diffraction experiments, showed predicted amyloid-forming region of is sufficient build up fibre...
The advent of the genomic era has made elucidating gene function on a large scale pressing challenge. ORFeome collections, whereby almost all ORFs given species are cloned and can be subsequently leveraged in multiple functional approaches, represent valuable resources toward this endeavor. Here we provide novel, genome-scale tools for study Candida albicans, commensal yeast that is also responsible frequent superficial disseminated infections humans. We have generated an collection composed...
A significant fraction of Escherichia coli intergenic DNA sequences is composed two families repeated bacterial interspersed mosaic elements (BIME-1 and BIME-2). In this study, we determined the sequence organization six regions in 51 E. Shigella natural isolates. Each region contains a BIME K-12. We found that multiple variations are located within or near these BIMEs different bacteria. Events included excisions whole BIME-1, expansion/deletion BIME-2 insertions non-BIME like boxC repeat...
In nature, many microorganisms form specialized complex, multicellular, surface-attached communities called biofilms. These play critical roles in microbial pathogenesis. The fungal pathogen Candida albicans is associated with catheter-based infections due to its ability establish transcription factor Bcr1 a master regulator of C. biofilm development, although the full extent regulation remains unknown. Here, we report that phosphoprotein physically interacts NDR kinase Cbk1 and undergoes...
Hydrodynamic forces applied in a microfluidic device on hyphae of C. albicans allow to measure their bending stiffness control situation as well under various pharmacological, mechanical and genetical perturbations.
Summary Palindromic units (PU or REP) were defined as 40‐nucleotide DNA sequences which are highly repeated in the genome of several members Enterobacteriaceae. They shown to be a constituent bacterial interspersed mosaic element (BIME), they associated with other repetitive sequences. We report here that Escherichia coli PU contain three motifs (Y, Z 1 and 2 ), leading definition two BIME families. The BIME‐1 family, conserved over 145 nucleotides, contains PUs (motifs Y ). BIME‐2 family...
Candida albicans is known for its ability to form biofilms, which are communities of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix developing on different surfaces. Biofilms highly tolerant antifungal therapy. This phenomenon has been partially explained by the appearance so-called persister cells, phenotypic variants wild-type capable surviving very high concentrations antimicrobial agents. Persister cells C. were found exceptionally while none detected planktonic cultures this fungus....
Histone H3 and its variants regulate gene expression but the latter are absent in most ascomycetous fungi. Here, we report identification of a variant histone H3, which have designated H3VCTG because exclusive presence CTG clade ascomycetes, including Candida albicans, human pathogen. C. albicans grows both as single yeast cells hyphal filaments planktonic mode growth. It also forms three-dimensional biofilm structure host well on catheter materials under suitable conditions. null...
The yeast Candida albicans is primarily a commensal of humans that colonizes the mucosal surfaces gastrointestinal and genital tracts. Yet, C. can under certain circumstances undergo shift from commensalism to pathogenicity. This transition governed by fungal factors such as morphological transitions, environmental cues for instance relationships with gut microbiota host immune system. utilizes distinct sets regulatory programs colonize or infect its evade defense systems. Moreover, an...
Neutrophils form cellular clusters or swarms in response to injury pathogen intrusion. Yet, intracellular signaling events favoring this coordinated remain be fully characterized. Here, we show that calcium signals play a critical role during mouse neutrophil clustering around particles of zymosan, structural fungal component. Pioneer neutrophils recognizing zymosan live Candida albicans displayed elevated levels. Subsequently, transient wave neighboring cells was observed followed by the...
Skn7 is a conserved fungal heat shock factor-type transcriptional regulator. It participates in maintaining cell wall integrity and regulates the osmotic/oxidative stress response (OSR) S. cerevisiae, where it part of two-component signal transduction system. Here, we comprehensively address function human pathogen Candida albicans. We provide evidence reinforcing functional divergence, with loss wall/osmotic stress-protective roles acquisition ability to regulate morphogenesis on solid...