A5086972789- Frailty in Older Adults
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Language, Metaphor, and Cognition
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Hip and Femur Fractures
Yale University
2014-2025
Advancing from gene discovery in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) to the identification of biologically relevant mechanisms remains a central challenge. Here, we perform parallel vivo functional analysis 10 ASD genes at behavioral, structural, and circuit levels zebrafish mutants, revealing both unique overlapping effects loss function. Whole-brain mapping identifies forebrain cerebellum as most significant contributors brain size differences, while regions involved sensory-motor control,...
Abstract Oxytocin (OT) has become a focus in investigations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The social deficits that characterize ASD may relate to reduced connectivity between brain sites on the mesolimbic reward pathway (nucleus accumbens; amygdala) receive OT projections and contribute motivation, cortical involved perception. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, we show administration increases activity regions...
Despite their importance to guiding public health decision-making and policies establishing programs aimed at improving surgical care, contemporary nationally representative mortality data for geriatric surgery are lacking.
Abstract Polypharmacy (use of ≥5 medications) and increasing Drug Burden Index (DBI) score (measure person’s total exposure to anticholinergic/sedative are associated with impaired physical function in observational studies older adults. Deprescribing, the supervised withdrawal medications for which harms outweigh benefits an individual, may be a useful intervention. Current knowledge is limited clinical that unable determine causality. Here, we establish preclinical model investigates...
Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence and cumulative risk major surgery in older persons over a 5-year period evaluate how these estimates differ according key demographic geriatric characteristics. Background: As population United States ages, there is considerable interest ensuring safe, high-quality surgical care for persons. Yet, valid, generalizable data on occurrence are sparse. Methods: We evaluated from prospective longitudinal 5571 community-living...
Medication treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) (MOUD; buprenorphine and methadone) reduces overdose. Discontinuation of MOUD can quickly lead to relapse, overdose death. Few persons who initiate are retained on treatment, thus it is critical identify factors associated with retention.
[11C]UCB-J PET for synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A) has been proposed as a suitable marker density in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We compared binding and [18F]FDG uptake metabolism (correlated with neuronal activity) 14 AD 11 cognitively normal (CN) participants. assessed both absolute relative outcome measures brain regions of interest, i.e., K1 or R1 perfusion, VT (volume distribution) DVR to cerebellum SV2A; Ki KiR metabolism. showed similar magnitude reduction the medial temporal...
Abstract Background In longitudinal studies of older persons, complete ascertainment mortality is needed to minimize potential biases. To ascertain in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), investigators are advised use its Sensitive files, which include month year death on most decedents who had not dropped out study. Because losses follow-up insubstantial, likely incomplete. Methods We used linked Medicare data as reference standard determine extent by underestimated NHATS...
Background Accurate placement of the macaque within Alzheimer's disease (AD) research framework is essential to discover early-stage predictive biomarkers. Objective To assess utility aging in advancing translational biomarker development for preclinical AD, we evaluated relative signal strength comparable neuropathologic phenomena macaques and patients. Methods We compared pathology patient formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues using identical criteria. quantified expression...
Sagittal nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (sNSC) is the most common form of NSC. The condition associated with a high prevalence (> 50%) deficits in executive function. authors employed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional MRI to evaluate whether hypothesized structural connectivity differences underlie observed neurocognitive morbidity sNSC.Using 3-T Siemens Trio system, collected DTI resting-state data 8 adolescent patients (mean age 12.3 years) sNSC that had been previously...
Seasonal infection rates of individual viruses are influenced by synergistic or inhibitory interactions between coincident viruses. Endemic patterns SARS-CoV-2 and influenza overlap seasonally in the Northern hemisphere may be similarly influenced. We explored immunopathologic basis A (H1N1pdm09) Syrian hamsters. H1N1 given 48 h prior to profoundly mitigated weight loss lung pathology compared alone. This was accompanied normalization granulocyte dynamics accelerated antigen-presenting...
OBJECT Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is associated with significant learning disability later in life. Surgical reconstruction typically performed before 1 year of age to correct the cranial vault morphology and allow for normalized brain growth goal improving cognitive function. Yet, no studies have assessed what extent actually achieved. Recent advances MRI allowed automated methods objectively assessing subtle pronounced morphological differences. The authors used one such...
The genus Flavivirus contains many mosquito-borne human pathogens of global epidemiological importance such as dengue virus, West Nile and Zika which has recently emerged at epidemic levels. Infections with these viruses result in divergent clinical outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to fatal. Myriad factors influence infection severity including exposure, immune status pathogen/host genetics. Furthermore, pre-existing may skew pathways or divert resources. We profiled cells virus-infected...
Infection with West Nile virus (WNV) drives a wide range of responses, from asymptomatic to flu-like symptoms/fever or severe cases encephalitis and death. To identify cellular molecular signatures distinguishing WNV severity, we employed systems profiling peripheral blood severely ill individuals infected WNV. We interrogated immune responses longitudinally acute infection through convalescence employing single-cell protein transcriptional complemented matched serum proteomics metabolomics...
Importance Nationally representative estimates of hospital readmissions within 30 and 180 days after major surgery, including both fee-for-service Medicare Advantage beneficiaries, are lacking. Objectives To provide population-based readmission surgery in community-living older US residents examine whether these differ according to key demographic, surgical, geriatric characteristics. Design, Setting, Participants A prospective longitudinal cohort study National Health Aging Trends Study...
Abstract The contours of endemic coronaviral disease in humans and other animals are shaped by the tendency coronaviruses to generate new variants superimposed upon nonsterilizing immunity. Consequently, patterns reinfection can inform emerging state SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We generated controlled data after high low risk natural exposure or heterologous vaccination sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) rats. Using deterministic compartmental models, we utilized vivo estimates from these experiments...
Dementia can be difficult for married couples many reasons, including the introduction of caregiving burden, loss intimacy, and financial strain. In this study, we investigated impact dementia staging neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms on likelihood divorce or separation older adult couples. For case-control used data from National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform dataset (UDS) versions 2 3. This was 2007 to 2021 contains standardized clinical information submitted by NIA/NIH...
Abstract Background Critical illness often leads to persistent functional impairment among older Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survivors. Identification of high‐risk survivors prior discharge from their ICU hospitalization can facilitate targeting for restorative interventions after discharge, potentially improving the likelihood recovery. Our objective was develop and validate a prediction model adults in year an hospitalization. Methods The analytic sample included community‐living...
Discovery studies in animals constitute a cornerstone of biomedical research, but suffer from lack generalizability to human populations. We propose that large-scale interrogation these data could reveal patterns animal use narrow the translational divide. describe text-mining approach extracts translationally useful PubMed abstracts. These comprise six modules: species, model, genes, interventions/disease modifiers, overall outcome and functional measures. Existing National Library Medicine...
Abstract Platelets are uniquely positioned as mediators of not only hemostasis but also innate immunity. However, how age and geriatric conditions such frailty influence platelet function during an immune response remains unclear. We assessed the transcriptome at baseline following influenza vaccination in Younger (age 21–35) Older ≥65) adults (including community‐dwelling individuals who were largely non‐frail skilled nursing facility (SNF)‐resident nearly all met criteria for frailty)....