A5068439238- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Immune cells in cancer
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Université du Québec à Montréal
2016-2025
Université de Montréal
2016-2024
McGill University
2013-2023
Alexandra Hospital
2023
HIV Legal Network
2023
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
2022
GTx (United States)
2018-2021
Weatherford College
2020
McGill University Health Centre
2013-2017
University of Toronto
2017
Th17 cells are permissive to HIV-1 infection and their depletion from the gut of infected individuals leads microbial translocation, a major cause for non-AIDS co-morbidities. Most recent evidence supports contribution long-lived HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, identity remains unknown. Here, we performed an in-depth transcriptional functional characterization four distinct subsets investigated reservoir ART. In addition previously characterized CCR6+CCR4+...
Background: Because of factors only partly understood, the generalized elevated immune activation and inflammation characterizing HIV-1-infected patients are corrected incompletely with antiretroviral therapy (ART).Extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes microvesicles released by several cell types may contribute to dysfunction.EV size, abundance, content appear differ according infection phase, disease progression, ART. Methods:We examined whether size EVs abundance in plasma...
Microbial translocation from the gut to systemic circulation contributes immune activation during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and is usually assessed by measuring plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fungal colonization in increases HIV-infection people living with HIV (PLWH) have increased fungal polysaccharide (1→3)-β-D-Glucan (βDG). We contribution circulating DG PLWH.Cross-sectional longitudinal assessments βDG were conducted along markers disease...
HIV persists in tissues during antiretroviral therapy (ART), but the relative contribution of different anatomical compartments to viral reservoir humans remains unknown. We performed an extensive characterization reservoirs two men who donated their bodies cure research and had been on suppressive ART for years. DNA is detected all tissues, with large variations across between participants. Intact genomes represent 2% 25% proviruses participants are mainly secondary lymphoid organs, spleen...
Objective: HIV persistence in long-lived infected cells and anatomical sanctuary sites are major hurdles to eradication. Testicular tissue may represent a significant viral site as it constitutes an immunologically privileged compartment. We assessed immunotolerance properties of the testicular individuals receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design methods: matched blood samples were collected from six virally suppressed adults 10 HIV-uninfected controls prior sex...
The testes are a potential viral sanctuary site for HIV-1 infection. Our study aims to provide insight into the expression and localization of key drug transporters metabolic enzymes relevant ART in this tissue compartment. We characterized gene protein 12 representative two testicular samples obtained from uninfected (n = 8) virally suppressed HIV-1-infected subjects on 5) quantified antiretroviral concentrations plasma tissues using LC/MS/MS subjects. data demonstrate that ABC...
Background: The lungs were historically identified as one of the major anatomic sites for HIV replication in pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. However, their contribution to persistence individuals under suppressive ART remains understudied. Design: We assessed and comprehensively characterized pulmonary mucosal CD4+ T cells HIV-infected (HIV+) receiving long-term versus uninfected participants. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial biopsies, matched peripheral blood obtained...
Regenerating islet-derived protein 3α (REG3α) is an antimicrobial peptide secreted by intestinal Paneth cells. Circulating REG3α has been identified as a gut damage marker in inflammatory bowel diseases. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) present abnormal landscape leading to microbial translocation, persistent inflammation, and development of non-AIDS comorbidities. Herein, we assessed PWH.
Objectives: Many vaccines require higher/additional doses or adjuvants to provide adequate protection for people with HIV (PWH). Our objective was compare COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity in PWH HIV-negative individuals. Design: In a Canadian multi-center prospective, observational cohort of receiving at least two vaccinations, we measured vaccine-induced immunity 3 and 6 months post 2nd 1-month 3rd doses. Methods: The primary outcome the percentage mounting [co-positivity anti-IgG against...
People with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our recent data demonstrated that the multi-isoform proinflammatory cytokine IL-32 is upregulated in PWH and associated arterial stiffness subclinical atherosclerosis. However, mechanisms by which contributes to pathogenesis these diseases remain unclear. Here, we show while less expressed IL-32α isoform induces differentiation human classical monocytes into calcium-resorbing osteoclast cells, dominantly...
Poor antiretroviral drug (ARV) penetration in the testes could be due, part, to presence of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane–associated efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multidrug resistance–associated proteins (MRPs) expressed at blood-testis barrier (BTB). The functional expression these is known regulated by ligand-activated nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor (PXR) constitutive androstane (CAR) various tissues. This study...
Introduction Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV have higher rates of non-infectious chronic diseases. These conditions are driven by relatively high levels inflammation persisting on ART compared uninfected individuals. Chronic also contributes to persistence during ART. Cannabis when taken orally may represent a way reduce and strengthen immune responses. Before planning large interventional studies, it is important ensure that cannabis safe well tolerated in HIV....
Introduction: Rates of cannabis consumption range from 40% to 74% among people living with HIV (PLWH). Little is known about the reasons for use, related modes administration, effectiveness symptom relief, or undesirable effects in modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. Our aim was conduct an exploratory study identify potential areas further evaluation and intervention. Materials Methods: From January June 2018, health care providers at Chronic Viral Illness Service Montreal, Canada,...
Two key questions in HIV reservoir biology are whether immune-privileged tissues, such as the testes, harbor distinctive proviral populations during suppressive therapy and, if so, by what mechanism. While our results indicated that blood-testis genetic compartmentalization was reasonably common (60%), it always attributable to differential frequencies of identical sequences between sites. No blood-tissue data set retained evidence when only unique per site were considered; moreover, immune...
People living with HIV (PLWH) may be at risk for poor immunogenicity to certain vaccines, including the ability develop immunological memory. Here, we assessed T-cell following three SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses in PLWH versus uninfected controls. Blood was collected from 38 on antiretroviral therapy and 24 age-matched HIV-negative controls, pre-vaccination after 1st/2nd/3rd dose of without prior infection. Flow cytometry used assess ex vivo immunophenotypes intracellular Tumor necrosis factor...
Following tissue barrier breaches, interleukin-33 (IL-33) is released as an 'alarmin' to induce inflammation. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), IL-33 decoy receptor, contributes limit We assessed the relationship between IL-33/ST2 axis and markers gut mucosal damage in patients with early (EHI) chronic HIV infection (CHI) elite controllers.Analyses on EHI CHI were conducted determine IL-33/sST2 changes over time.IL-33 sST2 levels measured plasma. Correlations plasma viral load,...
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pleiotropic cytokine of the IL-1 family with multiple context dependent functions. We and others have shown that HIV infection accompanied by increased circulating levels IL-18 along decreased its antagonist, Binding Protein (IL-18BP). The also intestinal inflammation integrity as measured permeability, regeneration repair. However, little known concerning relation between high level associated viral permeability. Here we demonstrate treatment increases production...