A5045078700- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Head and Neck Cancer Studies
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Cancer survivorship and care
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Renal cell carcinoma treatment
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Oregon Health & Science University
2013-2025
University of Portland
2021-2022
OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
2021
Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine
2021
Seton Hill University
2021
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
2015-2020
West Virginia University
2018
Providence St. Vincent Medical Center
2014
Family Research Institute
2011
Abstract Patients with densely innervated tumors suffer increased metastasis and decreased survival as compared to those less tumors. We hypothesize that in some tumors, nerves are acquired by a tumor-induced process, called axonogenesis. Here, we use PC12 cells an vitro neuronal model, human tumor samples murine vivo models test this hypothesis. When appropriately stimulated, extend processes, neurites. show patient release vesicles, exosomes, which induce neurite outgrowth. Using cancer...
Major weight loss is common in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who undergo radiotherapy (RT). How baseline posttreatment body composition affects outcome unknown.
Skeletal muscle catabolism is a co-morbidity of many chronic diseases and the result systemic inflammation. Although direct inflammatory cytokine action on promotes atrophy, nonmuscle sites for mediators are less well described. We demonstrate that central nervous system (CNS)–delimited interleukin 1β (IL-1β) signaling alone can evoke catabolic program in muscle, rapidly inducing atrophy. This effect dependent hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activation, as CNS IL-1β–induced atrophy...
In response to illness, animals subvert normal homeostasis and divert their energy utilization fight infection. An important unexplored feature of this is the suppression physical activity foraging behavior in setting negative balance. Inflammatory signaling hypothalamus mediates febrile anorectic responses disease, but mechanism by which locomotor (LMA) suppressed has not been described. Lateral hypothalamic orexin (Ox) neurons link status with LMA, deficiencies Ox lead hypoactivity...
Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was recently identified as an endogenous ligand of the type 4 melanocortin receptor (MC4R), a critical regulator appetite. However, it remains unknown if this molecule influences appetite during cancer cachexia, devastating clinical entity characterized by decreased nutrition and progressive wasting. We demonstrate that LCN2 is robustly upregulated in murine models pancreatic cancer, its expression associated with reduced food consumption, Lcn2 deletion protective from...
SummaryBackground & aimsExisting skeletal muscle index (SMI) thresholds for sarcopenia are inconsistent, and do not reflect severity of depletion. In this study we aimed to define criterion values moderate severe depletion based on the risk mortality in a population patients with head neck cancer (HNC). Additionally, identify clinical demographic predictors depletion, evaluate survival impact minimal nutritional or good performance status, finally, benchmarking SMI HNC against healthy young...
Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) often suffer from cachexia, a wasting syndrome that significantly reduces both quality of life and survival. Although advanced cachexia is associated inflammatory signalling elevated muscle catabolism, the early events driving are poorly defined. During periods nutritional scarcity, body relies on hepatic ketogenesis to generate ketone bodies, lipid metabolism via thought protect catabolizing during scarcity.
The tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a limited infiltration tumor-specific T cells and anti-tumor cell activity. Extracellular factors in the PDAC TME have been widely reported to mediate immune suppression, but contribution from tumor-intrinsic not well understood. RNA-binding protein, HuR (ELAVL1), enriched negatively correlates with infiltration. In an immunocompetent Kras-p53-Cre (KPC) orthotopic model PDAC, we found that genetic...
Cachexia is a wasting condition defined by skeletal muscle atrophy in the setting of systemic inflammation. To explore site at which inflammatory mediators act to produce vivo, we utilized mice with conditional deletion adaptor protein myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). Although whole-body MyD88-knockout (wbMyD88KO) resist response LPS, muscle-specific MyD88 not protective. Furthermore, selective reexpression wbMyD88KO via electroporation fails restore gene induction LPS. evaluate...
Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of weight loss that results from the selective depletion skeletal muscle mass and contributes significantly to cancer morbidity mortality. The driver atrophy in systemic inflammation arising both treatment. While importance tumor derived well described, mechanism by which cytotoxic chemotherapy relatively unexplored. We found administration mice produces rapid inflammatory response. This drives activation hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, increases...
Abstract Cross sectional imaging is essential for the patient-specific planning and delivery of radiotherapy, a primary determinant head neck cancer outcomes. Due to challenges ensuring data quality patient de-identification, publicly available datasets including diagnostic radiation treatment are scarce. In this descriptor, we detail collection processing computed tomography based in 215 patients with squamous cell carcinoma that were treated radiotherapy. Using cross imaging, calculated...
The proinflammatory cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is induced in disease states and known to inhibit food intake when administered centrally. However, the neural pathways underlying this effect are not well understood. We demonstrate that LIF acutely inhibits by directly activating pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus. show POMC express LIF-R, stimulates release anorexigenic peptide, alpha-MSH from ex vivo hypothalami. Transgenic mice lacking gp130,...
Fatigue is the most common symptom of cancer at diagnosis, yet causes and effective treatments remain elusive. As tumors can be highly inflammatory, it generally accepted that inflammation mediates cancer-related fatigue. However, evidence to support this assertion mostly correlational. In study, we directly tested hypothesis fatigue results from propagation tumor-induced brain activation central proinflammatory cytokine, IL1. The heterotopic syngeneic murine head neck model (mEER) caused...
Abstract Since its inception two years ago, the international, multicenter Pancreatic Cancer Early Detection (PRECEDE) Consortium has enrolled high-risk individuals (HRI) undergoing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) surveillance. Herein we aim to evaluate enrollment disparities in PRECEDE. Data on HRIs between May 2020 and March 2022 were collected, with defined as participants PRECEDE meeting guideline-based criteria for PDAC Of 1,273 enrolled, 1,113 eligible inclusion, 47.2% familial...
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with survival rate of only 12%. Surveillance recommended for high-risk individuals (HRIs), but it not widely adopted. To address this unmet clinical need and drive early diagnosis research, we established the Cancer Early Detection (PRECEDE) Consortium. Methods: PRECEDE multi-institutional international collaboration that has undertaken an observational prospective cohort study. Individuals (aged 18–90 years) are...