A5087771312- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Nanocluster Synthesis and Applications
- Aldose Reductase and Taurine
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Family and Matrimonial Law
- Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
- Aging and Gerontology Research
University of Pisa
2013-2025
Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata
2009-2018
Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze
2009-2018
Fondazione Stella Maris
2010
Ospedale Cisanello
2005-2009
National University of Quilmes
2006
Azienda Ospedaliera Sant’Antonio Abate di Gallarate
1992
In an effort to better understand the phenomenon of lipotoxicity in human β-cells, we evaluated effects 48-h preculture with 1.0 or 2.0 mmol/l free fatty acid (FFA) (2:1 oleate palmitate) on function and survival isolated islets investigated some possible mechanisms. Compared control islets, triglyceride content was significantly increased insulin glucose-stimulated release were reduced precultured FFA concentrations. These changes accompanied by a significant reduction glucose utilization...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by T cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Several studies have suggested an association between Coxsackie enterovirus seroconversion and onset disease. However, a direct link cell viral infection islet inflammation has not been established. We analyzed tissue from six type diabetic 26 control organ donors. Immunohistochemical, electron microscopy, whole-genome ex vivo nucleotide sequencing, culture, immunological demonstrated B4 in...
Diabetes is associated with a deficit of insulin-producing β-cells. Animal studies show that β-cells become dedifferentiated in diabetes, reverting to progenitor-like stage, and partly converting other endocrine cell types.To determine whether similar processes occur human type 2 we surveyed pancreatic islets from 15 diabetic nondiabetic organ donors.We scored dedifferentiation using markers lineage, β-cell-specific transcription factors, newly identified progenitor marker, aldehyde...
To shed further light on the primary alterations of insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes and possible mechanisms involved, we studied several functional molecular properties islets isolated from pancreata 13 diabetic matched nondiabetic cadaveric organ donors. Glucose-stimulated was significantly lower than control islets, whereas arginine- glibenclamide-stimulated release less markedly affected. The defects were accompanied by reduced mRNA expression GLUT1 -2 glucokinase diminished glucose...
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death are central in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Saturated fatty acids cause failure contribute to development genetically predisposed individuals. Here we used RNA sequencing map transcripts expressed five palmitate-treated human islet preparations, observing 1,325 modified genes. Palmitate induced acid metabolism endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Functional studies identified novel mediators adaptive ER stress signaling. genes regulating...
Several properties of pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetes (T2D) were studied by using islets isolated from T2D subjects. Moreover, because metformin has protective effects on nondiabetic exposed to high glucose or free fatty acid levels, we investigated its direct action islet cells. Diabetic characterized reduced insulin content, decreased amount mature granules, impaired glucose-induced secretion, mRNA expression, and increased apoptosis with enhanced caspase-3 -8 activity. These...
Human type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease associated with major histocompatibility complex polymorphisms, β-cell autoantibodies, and autoreactive T cells. However, there increasing evidence that innate cells may also play critical roles in T1D. We aimed to monitor peripheral immune early stages of T1D (i.e., healthy autoantibody-positive subjects) more advanced phases the at onset years after diagnosis). found a mild but significant reproducible neutropenia both precedes...
We have investigated the in vitro effects of increased levels glucose and free fatty acids on autophagy activation pancreatic beta cells. INS-1E cells isolated rat human islets were incubated for various times (from 2 to 24 h) at different concentrations and/or palmitic acid. Then, cell survival was evaluated explored by using biochemical morphological techniques. In as well islets, 0.5 1.0 mM palmitate markedly autophagic vacuole formation, whereas high ineffective alone caused little...
Ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) might minimize ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of liver grafts. In this study, 20 primary transplantation recipients older grafts (≥70 years) were randomized 1:1 to NMP or cold storage (CS) groups. The study endpoint was evaluate graft and patient survival at 6 months posttransplantation. secondary bile duct biopsies; IRI by means peak transaminases within 7 days after surgery; incidence biliary complications month 6. Liver biopsies collected...
Pancreatic α cells are exposed to metabolic stress during the evolution of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but it remains unclear whether this affects their survival. We used electron microscopy search for markers apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in β islets from T2D or non-diabetic individuals. There was a significant increase apoptotic (from 0.4% control 6.0% T2D), no cell apoptosis. observed, however, similar ER patients. Human fluorescence-activated sorting (FACS)-purified rat vitro...
Pancreatic beta cells (β-cells) differentiate during fetal life, but only postnatally acquire the capacity for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). How this happens is not clear. In exploring what molecular mechanisms drive maturation of β-cell function, we found that control cellular signaling in β-cells fundamentally switched from nutrient sensor target rapamycin (mTORC1) to energy 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and was critical functional maturation....
Many patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) develop type 2 diabetes (1). This prevalence is much higher than that observed in the general population and other liver diseases such as B virus, alcoholic disease, primary biliary cirrhosis. Furthermore, it has been shown post-transplantation appears to be among HCV (2). However, pathogenetic basis for association between infection not understood. A direct involvement of development insulin resistance proposed, β-cell dysfunction...
Decreased beta-cell mass, mainly due to apoptosis, is crucial for the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Chronic exposure high glucose levels a probable underlying mechanism, whereas role oral anti-diabetic agents (sulphonylureas in particular) still unsettled.To directly investigate more on such issues, we prepared isolated human islets, which were then cultured 5 days continuous normal concentration (NG, 5.5 mmol/L) or (HG, 16.7 (alternating every 24 h), with without addition...
Background. In Italy, 20 min of continuous, flat-line electrocardiogram are required for death declaration. Despite prolonged warm ischemia time, Italian centers reported good outcomes in controlled donation after circulatory (cDCD) liver transplantation by combining normothermic regional and end-ischemic machine perfusion (MP). The aim this study was to evaluate the safety feasibility use septuagenarian octogenarian cDCD donors with approach. Methods. All older than 70 y were evaluated...
Type 2 (non–insulin-dependent) diabetes results from decreased insulin action in peripheral target tissues (insulin resistance) and impaired pancreatic β-cell function. These defects reflect both genetic components environmental risk factors. Recently, the common Gly972→Arg amino acid polymorphism of receptor substrate 1 (Arg972 IRS-1) has been associated with human type diabetes. In this study, we report on some functional morphological properties isolated islets carrying Arg972 IRS-1...
Increases of protein carbonyl in animal tissues have been associated with the aging process. So far, accumulation oxidized proteins, highly susceptible to proteolysis, has attributed age-related changes proteasomal alkaline proteases. Carbonyl was monitored six different male Sprague-Dawley rats fed ad libitum up age 27 months, and 24- 27-month-old subjected anti-aging diet restriction (every-other-day feeding libitum). Alkaline protease activities liver lysosomal proteolysis were studied....
Abstract Background Both types of diabetes are characterized by beta‐cell failure and death, leading to insulin insufficiency. Very limited information is currently available about the ultrastructural alterations beta cells in human diabetes. Our aim was provide a comprehensive analysis pancreatic islets type 1 (T1D) 2 (T2D) diabetic patients. Methods We performed morphometric electron microscopy evaluation obtained from pancreas 8 nondiabetic (ND), 5 T1D, T2D organ donors. Results A lower...
Background: The use of the so-called extended criteria donors increases number grafts available for transplantation. Many studies reported their good outcomes but is debated due to increased risk complications. Ex situ liver perfusion has reduced graft discard rate and helped test function before implantation. Cytokines are known be involved in ischemia reperfusion injury potential predict during normothermic machine (NMP) not been fully investigated. aim this study was compare cytokines...