A5078691065- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Synthesis and Catalytic Reactions
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Mobile Agent-Based Network Management
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry
Toa Pharmaceutical (Japan)
2024
University of Tsukuba
2021-2024
Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale
2024
Inserm
2024
Université Paris-Est Créteil
2024
Tokyo Gakugei University
2020
The University of Tokyo
2018
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2006
Tokyo University of Science
1995-1998
The University of Sydney
1995-1996
Abstract Spaceflight causes a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength. We set two murine experimental groups orbit for 35 days aboard the International Space Station, under artificial earth-gravity (artificial 1 g ; AG) microgravity (μ MG), to investigate whether exposure prevents atrophy at molecular level. Our main findings indicated that AG onboard environment prevented changes soleus not only fiber type composition but also alteration of gene expression profiles. In particular,...
Transcription factor MAFB regulates various homeostatic functions of macrophages. This study explores the role in brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis using macrophage-specific Mafb-deficient (Mafbf/f::LysM-Cre) mice. We find that Mafb deficiency macrophages reduces thermogenesis, energy expenditure, and sympathetic neuron (SN) density BAT under cold conditions. phenotype features a proinflammatory environment is characterized by macrophage/granulocyte accumulation, increases...
Myofibers are broadly characterized as fatigue-resistant slow-twitch (type I) fibers and rapidly fatiguing fast-twitch IIa/IIx/IIb) fibers. However, the molecular regulation of myofiber type is not entirely understood; particularly, information on regulators muscle scarce. Here, we demonstrate that large Maf transcription factor family dictates fast IIb specification in mice. Remarkably, ablation three Mafs leads to drastic loss myofibers, resulting enhanced endurance capacity reduction...
Abstract Gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating brain function and adult neurogenesis. Although probiotics have recently been reported as effective against certain psychiatric disorders, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In particular, combination of 3 probiotic strains, Bacillus subtilis TO-A, Enterococcus faecium T-110, Clostridium butyricum hereafter referred to ProB3, has potentially alleviate symptoms patients with schizophrenia. Herein, we show that ProB3 promotes...
Abstract Microgravity induces skeletal muscle atrophy, particularly in the soleus muscle, which is predominantly composed of slow-twitch myofibre (type I) and sensitive to disuse. Muscle atrophy commonly known be associated with increased production reactive oxygen species. However, role NRF2, a master regulator antioxidative response, plasticity during microgravity-induced not known. To investigate NRF2 within microgravity environment, wild-type Nrf2- knockout (KO) mice were housed...
Abstract Skeletal muscle is sensitive to gravitational alterations. We recently developed a multiple artificial-gravity research system (MARS), which can generate gravity ranging from microgravity Earth (1 g ) in space. Using the MARS, we studied effects of three different levels (microgravity, lunar [1/6 ], and 1 on skeletal mass myofiber constitution mice. All mice survived returned Earth, was collected two days after landing. observed that microgravity-induced soleus atrophy prevented by...
The transcription factor c-Maf has been widely studied and reported to play a critical role in embryonic kidney development; however, the postnatal functions of adult kidneys remain unknown as c-Maf-null C57BL/6J mice exhibit lethality. In this study, we investigated mouse by comparing phenotypes tamoxifen-inducible (TAM-inducible) c-Maf-knockout (c-Maffl/fl; CAG-Cre-ERTM named "c-MafΔTAM") with those c-Maffl/fl control mice, 10 days after TAM injection [TAM(10d)]. addition, examined effects...
Abstract Muscle regeneration depends on muscle stem cell (MuSC) activity. Myogenic regulatory factors, including myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), regulate the fate transition of MuSCs. However, direct target MYOD in process is not completely clear. Using previously established MyoD knock-in (MyoD-KI) mice, we revealed that targets dual-specificity phosphatase (Dusp) 13 and Dusp27. In Dusp13:Dusp27 double knock-out ability for after injury was reduced. Moreover, single-cell RNA...
Myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD) dynamics define the activation status of muscle stem cells (MuSCs), aiding in tissue regeneration after injury. However, lack experimental platforms to monitor MyoD
Mouse Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is an endosomal sensor for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). TLR9 transported from the ER to endolysosomes by a multiple transmembrane protein Unc93 homolog B1, and proteolytically cleaved at its ectodomain. The structure of biochemical analyses have shown that proteolytic cleavage ectodomain enables TLR9-dimerization activation. However, requirement in vivo has not been studied. We here show 13 amino acids deletion site made resistant cleavage. mutation Tlr9...
Long-duration spaceflight creates a variety of stresses due to the unique environment, which can lead compromised functioning skeletal and immune systems. However, mechanisms by organisms respond this stress remain unclear. The present study aimed investigate impact three different gravitational loadings (microgravity, 1/6 g [lunar gravity], 1 g) on behavior, bone, thymus, spleen mice housed for 25–35 days in International Space Station. bone density reduction under microgravity was mostly...
Sialic acid (SA) is present at the terminal ends of carbohydrate chains in glycoproteins and glycolipids involved various biological phenomena. The function disialyl-T (SAα2-3Galβ1-3(SAα2-6)GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr) structure largely unknown. To elucidate role determine key enzyme from N-acetylgalactosaminide α2,6-sialyltransferase (St6galnac) family its vivo synthesis, we generated St6galnac3- St6galnac4-deficient mice. Both single-knockout mice developed normally without any prominent phenotypic...
Flow cytometry was used to measure the binding of enzymes (i.e. lactate dehydrogenases 1 and 5, malate dehydrogenase, asparaginase) cells. Of four studied, asparaginase showed greatest binding. Single color analysis revealed that bound best preparations enriched in macrophages, dual macrophages. Studies on continuous cell lines one mouse macrophage line, but not another or murine fibroblasts. Inoculation mice with lactic dehydrogenase virus, a virus infects decreased vivo clearance from...
Summary Interspecies chimeras comprising human tissues have potential for use in disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Here, we successfully transplanted induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived PDX1+ pancreatic progenitor cells into Pdx1-deficient mouse embryos via intraplacental injection. The engrafted predominantly localized to the duodenum, produced insulin, extended lifespan of Pdx1 -/- mice by up 10 days after birth. Transcriptomic analyses confirmed gene expression...
Abstract Small mammals rely on type IIb myofibers, expressing the fastest myosin (encoded by MYH4 ), for rapid muscle contraction. In contrast, larger mammals, including humans, show reduced or absent expression and favoring slower-contracting myofibers. The evolutionary mechanisms underlying this shift remain unclear. Here, we identify large MAF transcription factors (MAFA, MAFB, MAF) as key regulators of in human bovine. Overexpression MAFs induces enhances glycolytic capacity myotubes,...
Yeasts and fungi generate Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals in response to environmental stresses through channels essentially composed of Cch1 Mid1. is homologous the pore-forming α<sub>1</sub> subunit animal voltage-gated (VGCCs) sodium leak nonselective (NALCNs), whereas Mid1 a membrane-associated protein similar regulatory α<sub>2</sub>/δ VGCCs NALCNs. Although physiological roles Cch1/Mid1 are known, their molecular regulation remains elusive, including interactions regulating channel...
Abstract Muscle regeneration depends on muscle stem cell (MuSC) activity. Myogenic regulatory factors, including myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), regulate the fate transition of MuSCs. However, direct target MYOD in process is not completely clear. Using previously established MyoD knock-in (MyoD-KI) mice, we revealed that targets dual-specificity phosphatase (Dusp) 13 and Dusp27. In Dusp13 : Dusp27 double knock-out (DKO) ability for after injury was reduced. Moreover, single-cell...
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access of an article which published elsewhere, please select “Full Text” option. The original trackable via the “References”