A5047094000- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Corneal surgery and disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- AI in cancer detection
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Novartis (Switzerland)
2007-2025
Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
2005-2023
University of Vienna
2003
RWTH Aachen University
1992-2000
Institut de Recherche en Opthalmologie
2000
The balance and distribution of epithelial cell types is required to maintain tissue homeostasis. A hallmark airway diseases remodeling, leading increased goblet numbers an overproduction mucus. In the conducting airway, basal cells act as progenitors for both secretory ciliated cells. To identify mechanisms regulating fate, we developed a screenable 3D culture system morphogenesis. We performed high-throughput screen using collection secreted proteins identified inflammatory cytokines that...
purpose. To test the hypothesis that human choroidal blood flow (ChBF) may depend, not only on ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), but also absolute mean arterial (MAP) and intraocular (IOP). methods. There were two study days in an open design. On first day, OPP was varied by elevating IOP during a squatting-induced increase MAP (28 subjects). second increased (17 raised stepwise increments using suction cup method. Subfoveal ChBF (laser Doppler flowmetry), MAP, assessed, calculated as ⅔(MAP −...
Copper chelators could help to reduce metastasis from breast tumors.
Abstract Hydrogels are under active development for controlled drug delivery, but their clinical translation is limited by low loading capacity, deficiencies in mechanical toughness and storage stability, poor control over the release that often results burst short duration. This work reports a design of composite clay hydrogels, which simultaneously achieve spectrum mechanical, storage, loading/releasing properties to address critical needs from translational perspectives. The nanoparticles...
Retinoic-acid-orphan-receptor-C (RORC) is a master regulator of Th17 cells, which are pathogenic in several autoimmune diseases. Genetic Rorc deficiency mice, while preventing autoimmunity, causes early lethality due to metastatic thymic T cell lymphomas. We sought determine whether pharmacological RORC inhibition could be an effective and safe therapy for diseases by evaluating its effects on functions intrathymic development. inhibitors effectively inhibited differentiation IL-17A...
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle innervation by motor neurons leads to impaired neuromuscular function and is a well-established clinical phenomenon. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Studying mice, we find that number units (MUs) can be maintained counteracting neurotoxic microglia in aged spinal cord. We observe marked changes, detected unit estimation (MUNE), occur prior mice. This coincides with gene expression changes indicative neuronal remodeling microglial...
The extracellular serine protease inhibitor serpinE2 is overexpressed in breast cancer and has been shown to foster metastatic spread. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that creates tumor-promoting conditions tumor microenvironment (TME) by affecting matrix remodeling. Using two different models, show blocking serpinE2, either knock-down (KD) cells or response a binding antibody, decreases dissemination from primary tumors lungs. We demonstrate KD antibody treatment there are dramatic...
We introduce HistoNet, a deep neural network trained on normal tissue. On 1690 slides with rat tissue samples from 6 preclinical toxicology studies, regions were outlined and annotated by pathologists into 46 different classes. From these regions, we sampled small 224 × pixels images (patches) at levels of magnification. Using 4 studies as training set 2 test set, VGG-16, ResNet-50, Inception-v3 networks separately each magnification level. Among model architectures, ResNet-50 outperformed...
Abstract Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a cell-surface immunoreceptor microglia, osteoclasts, dendritic and macrophages. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in TREM2, including enhancing shedding form the cell surface, have been associated with myelin/neuronal loss neuroinflammation neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer`s disease Frontotemporal Dementia. Using cuprizone model, we investigated involvement of soluble cleavage-reduced TREM2 central...
Musculoskeletal diseases are a leading contributor to years lived with disability worldwide. While exercise offers significant benefits for people these conditions, many individuals do not engage in adequate physical activity. Consequently, there is growing interest pharmacological interventions that can emulate essential health-promoting effects of exercise. By integrating transcriptomics data exercised skeletal muscle, we identified C1orf54/C1ORF54 as novel exercise-responsive gene mice...
Currently, several immunotherapies and BACE (Beta Site APP Cleaving Enzyme) inhibitor approaches are being tested in the clinic for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. A crucial mechanism-related safety concern is exacerbation microhemorrhages, which already present majority Alzheimer patients. To investigate potential liabilities long-term therapy, we used aged amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice (APP23), robustly develop cerebral angiopathy. T2*-weighted magnetic resonance...
Assessment of myelin integrity in peripheral nerve injuries and pathologies has largely been limited to post-mortem analysis owing the difficulty obtaining biopsies without affecting function. This is further encumbered by small size tissue its location. Therefore, development robust, non-invasive methods highly attractive. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, including magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), longitudinally non-invasively characterize both sciatic...
<h3>Background</h3> There is increasing evidence that reduced ocular blood flow plays a role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. In patients with normal-tension glaucoma, abnormalities may be associated dysfunction endothelin 1 (ET-1) regulation system. <h3>Objective</h3> To test hypothesis unoprostone, topical docosanoid, affect ET-1–induced vasoconstriction human choroid. <h3>Methods</h3> placebo-controlled, randomized, double-masked, 2-way crossover design, ET-1 (2.5 ng/kg per minute for 150...
Abstract Task-free functional connectivity in animal models provides an experimental framework to examine phenomena under controlled conditions and allows comparison with invasive or terminal procedures. To date, acquisitions are performed varying protocols analyses that hamper result integration. We introduce StandardRat , a consensus rat MRI acquisition protocol tested across 20 centers. develop this optimized processing parameters, we initially aggregated 65 imaging datasets acquired rats...
Abstract A limited understanding of the pathology underlying chronic wounds has hindered development effective diagnostic markers and pharmaceutical interventions. This study aimed to elucidate molecular composition various common ulcer types facilitate drug discovery strategies. We conducted a comprehensive analysis leg ulcers (LUs), encompassing venous arterial ulcers, foot (FUs), pressure (PUs), compared them with surgical wound healing complications (WHCs). To explore pathophysiological...
Inflammatory responses are crucial for regeneration following peripheral nerve injury (PNI). PNI triggers inflammatory at the site of injury. The DNA-sensing receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and its downstream effector stimulator interferon genes (STING) sense foreign self-DNA trigger type I (IFN) immune responses. We demonstrate here that PNI, cGAS/STING pathway is upregulated in sciatic naive rats dysregulated old rats. In a crush mouse model where STING knocked out, myelin content...
ABSTRACT Branaplam is a therapeutic agent currently in clinical development for the treatment of infants with type 1 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Since preclinical studies showed that branaplam had cell-cycle arrest effects, we sought to determine whether may affect postnatal cerebellar and brain neurogenesis. Here, describe novel approach developmental neurotoxicity testing (DNT) central nervous system (CNS) active drug. The effects orally administered were evaluated SMA neonatal mouse...
Musculoskeletal diseases are a leading contributor to mobility disability worldwide. Since the majority of patients with musculoskeletal present associated muscle weakness, treatment approaches typically comprise an element resistance training restore physical strength. The health-promoting effects exercise mediated via complex, multifarious mechanisms including modulation systemic and local inflammation. Here we investigated whether targeted inhibition chemerin pathway, which largely...
Summary Photogrammetric analysis of features in human ocular fundus images is affected by various sources errors, for example aberrations the camera and eye optics. Another—usually disregarded—type distortion arises from projecting near spherical shape onto a planar imaging device. In this paper we quantify such projection errors based on geometrical reduced model imaged pinhole camera. The error found edge 50° image 24%. addition, influence axial ametropia investigated both myopia...