A5080172780- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Structural and Chemical Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Synthesis and Reactivity of Sulfur-Containing Compounds
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Crystal structures of chemical compounds
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Synthesis and Catalytic Reactions
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Lymphatic System and Diseases
Nagoya University
2021-2025
Kyushu University
1971-2021
XLAB (Slovenia)
2021
Antiviral treatments targeting the coronavirus disease 2019 are urgently required. We screened a panel of already approved drugs in cell culture model severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and identified two new agents having higher antiviral potentials than drug candidates such as remdesivir chroloquine VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells: anti-inflammatory cepharanthine human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor nelfinavir. Cepharanthine inhibited SARS-CoV-2 entry through blocking viral...
The scientific community is focused on developing antiviral therapies to mitigate the impacts of ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. This will be facilitated by improved understanding viral dynamics within infected hosts. Here, using a mathematical model in combination with published load data, we compare within-host SARS-CoV-2 analogous MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. Our quantitative analyses revealed that reproduction number at symptom onset was statistically significantly...
In-person interaction offers invaluable benefits to people. To guarantee safe in-person activities during a COVID-19 outbreak, effective identification of infectious individuals is essential. In this study, we aim analyze the impact screening with antigen tests in schools and workplaces on identifying infections. We assess effectiveness various test strategies through quantitative simulations. The primary outcome our analyses proportion infected identified. transmission process at population...
Summary Antiviral treatments targeting the emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently required. We screened a panel of already-approved drugs in cell culture model severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and identified two new antiviral agents: HIV protease inhibitor Nelfinavir anti-inflammatory drug Cepharanthine. In silico modeling shows binds SARS-CoV-2 main consistent with its inhibition viral replication, whilst Cepharanthine inhibits attachment entry into cells....
The incubation period, or the time from infection to symptom onset, of COVID-19 has usually been estimated by using data collected through interviews with cases and their contacts. However, this estimation is influenced uncertainty in cases' recall exposure time. We propose a novel method that uses viral load over since hospitalization, hindcasting timing mathematical model for dynamics. As an example, we used reported on 30 hospitalized patients multiple countries (Singapore, China,...
This was a retrospective cohort study, which aimed to investigate the factors associated with hesitancy receive third dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. A paper-based questionnaire survey administered all participants. study included participants who provided answers in about whether they had an intent Data on sex, age, area residence, adverse reactions after second vaccination, vaccination desired, and reasons accept or hesitate over booster were retrieved. Among 2439...
Background Development of an effective antiviral drug for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health priority. Although several candidate drugs have been identified through in vitro and vivo models, consistent compelling evidence from clinical studies limited. The lack trials may stem part the imperfect design trials. We investigated how antivirals need to be designed, especially focusing on sample size randomized controlled Methods findings A modeling study was conducted help...
The scientific community is focussed on developing antiviral therapies to mitigate the impacts of ongoing novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. This will be facilitated by improved understanding viral dynamics within infected hosts. Here, using a mathematical model in combination with published load data collected from same specimen (throat / nasal swabs or nasopharyngeal sputum tracheal aspirate), we compare within-host for patients current outbreak analogous MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV...
Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, two mainstream guidelines for defining when to end isolation SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals have been in use: one-size-fits-all approach (i.e. patients are isolated a fixed number days) and personalized based on repeated testing patients). We use mathematical framework model within-host viral dynamics test different criteria ending isolation. By considering time 10 days since symptom onset as criterion isolation, we estimated that risk releasing an...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused serious public health, social, and economic damage worldwide effective drugs that prevent or cure COVID-19 are urgently needed. Approved including Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir Interferon were reported to inhibit the infection propagation of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), however, their clinical efficacies have not yet been well demonstrated. To identify with higher antiviral potency, we screened approved...
This was a retrospective cohort study, which aimed to investigate the factors associated with hesitancy receive third dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. A paper-based questionnaire survey administered all participants. Accordingly, study included participants who provided answer in whether they have an intent Data on sex, age, area residence, adverse reactions after second vaccination, vaccination desired, and reasons accept or hesitate booster were retrieved. Among 2439...
Abstract Appropriate isolation guidelines for COVID-19 patients are warranted. Currently, isolating fixed time is adopted in most countries. However, given the variability viral dynamics between patients, some may no longer be infectious by end of isolation, whereas others still infectious. Utilizing test results to determine length would minimize both risk prematurely ending and unnecessary individual burden redundant noninfectious patients. In this study, we develop a data-driven...
Mpox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus and caused an outbreak in 2022. Although tecovirimat brincidofovir are approved as anti-smallpox drugs, their effects mpox patients have not been well documented. In this study, by drug repurposing approach, we identified potential candidates for treating predicted clinical impacts mathematical modeling.
Mutations continue to accumulate within the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and ongoing epidemic has shown no signs of ending. It is critical predict problematic mutations that may arise in clinical environments assess their properties advance quickly implement countermeasures against future variant infections. In this study, we identified resistant remdesivir, which widely administered SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, discuss cause resistance. First, simultaneously constructed eight recombinant viruses...
The duration of viral shedding is determined by a balance between de novo infection and removal infected cells. That is, if completely blocked with antiviral drugs (100% inhibition), the minimal length virus production. However, some mathematical models predict that individuals are treated efficacy below 100%, may last longer than without treatment because further infections driven entry into partially protected, uninfected cells at slower rate. Using simple model, we quantified SARS-CoV-2...
Influenza remains a global public health concern, and although the antiviral drug oseltamivir is widely used to treat infections, questions regarding its actual efficacy clinical benefits remain. Here, we evaluated effects of on viral shedding dynamics in context experimental influenza infection. We analyzed individual participant data, including load, time symptom alleviation, laboratory test measurements, obtained from three publicly available trials involving infections with A B viruses....
Mating status often modulates responses to courtship sounds in animals. The neural mechanisms underlying this modulation, however, have not been well clarified. Here, we show that dopaminergic signals are involved modulating the of auditory sensory neurons Drosophila melanogaster females depending on their mating status. These abundantly express three types dopamine receptors, with some having direct synaptic connections neurons. Of these suppressing expression Dop1R2 reduces sound unmated...
Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus that causes smallpox-like symptoms in humans and caused an outbreak May 2022 led the WHO to declare global health emergency. In this study, from screening of approved-drug libraries using MPXV infection cell system, atovaquone, mefloquine, molnupiravir exhibited anti-MPXV activity, with 50% inhibitory concentrations 0.51-5.2 μM, which more potent than cidofovir. Whereas mefloquine was suggested inhibit viral entry, atovaquone...
Abstract Background Multiple waves of the COVID-19 epidemic have hit most countries by end 2021. Most those are caused emergence and importation new variants. To prevent variants, combination border control contact tracing is essential. However, timing infection inferred interview influenced recall bias hinders process. Methods We propose a novel approach to infer infection, employing within-host model capture viral load dynamics after onset symptoms. applied this ascertain secondary...
The host range of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is quite narrow. Therefore, analyzing HIV-1 pathogenesis in vivo has been limited owing to lack appropriate animal model systems. To overcome this, chimeric simian and viruses (SHIVs) that encode Env are infectious macaques have developed used investigate the pathogenicity vivo. So far, we many SHIV strains show different macaque experiments. However, dynamic aspects infection not well understood. fully understand properties SHIVs, focused...
Abstract In countries/communities at risk of future outbreaks COVID-19, ascertaining whether cases are imported or the result local secondary transmission is important for government to shape appropriate public health strategies. this study, we propose a novel approach identify timing infection, whereby developed within-host model capture viral load dynamics post-symptom onset. We submit our allow us differentiate from cases. To illustrate method, use initial reported in Singapore, where...
As we learned during the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines are one of most important tools in infectious disease control. To date, an unprecedentedly large volume high-quality data on vaccinations have been accumulated. For preparedness future pandemics beyond COVID-19, these valuable datasets should be analyzed to best shape effective vaccination strategy. We collecting longitudinal from a community-based cohort Fukushima, Japan, that consists 2,407 individuals who underwent serum sampling two or...
Nelfinavir, an orally administered inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus protease, inhibits the replication severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety nelfinavir patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. included unvaccinated asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic adult who tested positive for infection within 3 days before enrollment. The were randomly assigned (1:1) receive oral (750...