Michael J. Griffiths
A5074423609- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Malaria Research and Control
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
University of Liverpool
2016-2025
Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool
2013-2025
The University of Sydney
2025
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
2015-2024
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2023
University of London
2023
Institute of Life Sciences
2023
National Institute for Health Research
2015-2022
NHS Forth Valley
2021
National Health Service Scotland
2021
Abstract The scientific community has responded to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by rapidly undertaking research find effective strategies reduce burden of this disease. Encouragingly, researchers from a diverse array fields are collectively working towards goal. Research with infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is undertaken in high-containment laboratories; however, it often desirable work samples at lower-containment levels. To facilitate...
Responses by peripheral blood leukocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). We used DNA microarrays reveal transcriptional patterns in 14 adults with DHF. Acute DHF was defined an abundance transcripts from cell cycle- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related genes, suggesting a proliferative response accompanied ER stress. Transcript-abundance levels for immunoresponse-associated including surface markers, immunoglobulin, innate elements, were also elevated....
There is growing epidemiological and molecular evidence that ABO blood group affects host susceptibility to severe Plasmodium falciparum infection. The high frequency of common alleles means even modest differences in could have a significant impact on the health people living malaria endemic regions. We performed an association study, first utilize key genetic variation underlying system, genotyping >9000 individuals across three African populations. Using population- family-based tests, we...
BackgroundViral meningitis is increasingly recognised, but little known about the frequency with which it occurs, or causes and outcomes in UK. We aimed to determine incidence, causes, sequelae UK adults improve management of patients assist health service planning.MethodsWe did a multicentre prospective observational cohort study suspected at 42 hospitals across England. Nested within this study, National Health Service (NHS) northwest region (now part NHS England North), was an...
Interferons are key modulators of the immune system, and central to control many diseases. The response cells stimuli in complex populations is product direct indirect effects, homotypic heterotypic cell interactions. Dissecting global transcriptional profiles may provide insights into this regulatory interplay. host also be useful discriminating between disease states, understanding pathophysiology. programs health therefore a paradigm for deconvoluting disease-associated gene expression...
Insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus is one the commonest neurosurgical procedures worldwide. Infection implanted affects up to 15% these patients, resulting in prolonged hospital treatment, multiple surgeries, and reduced cognition quality life. Our aim was determine clinical cost-effectiveness antibiotic (rifampicin clindamycin) or silver shunts compared with standard at reducing infection.In this parallel, multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial, we...
During 2015-16 Brazil experienced the largest epidemic of Zika virus ever reported. This arthropod-borne (arbovirus) has been linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in adults but other neurological associations are uncertain. Chikungunya caused outbreaks since 2014 associated disease rarely reported here. We investigated with acute disorders for Zika, chikungunya and dengue, another arbovirus circulating Brazil.We studied who had developed a new condition following suspected infection...
BackgroundSince 2015, the arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) Zika and chikungunya have spread across Americas causing outbreaks, accompanied by increases in immune-mediated infectious neurological disease. The spectrum of manifestations linked to these viruses, importance dual infection, are not known fully. We aimed investigate whether presentations differed according infecting arbovirus, patients with infection had a different disease or severity.MethodsWe report prospective...
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with microcephaly, a congenital malformation resulting from neuroinflammation and direct effects of replication on the developing central nervous system (CNS). However, exact changes in affected CNS remain unknown. Here, we show by transcriptome analysis (at 48 hours post-infection) multiplex immune profiling that human induced-neuroprogenitor stem cells (hiNPCs) respond to ZIKV strong induction type I interferons (IFNs) several IFNs...
COVID-19 is associated with neurological complications including stroke, delirium and encephalitis. Furthermore, a post-viral syndrome dominated by neuropsychiatric symptoms common, seemingly unrelated to severity. The true frequency underlying mechanisms of injury are unknown, but exaggerated host inflammatory responses appear be key driver We investigated the dynamics of, relationship between, serum markers brain [neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) total tau]...
To understand neurological complications of COVID-19 better both acutely and for recovery, we measured markers brain injury, inflammatory mediators, autoantibodies in 203 hospitalised participants; 111 with acute sera (1-11 days post-admission) 92 convalescent (56 COVID-19-associated diagnoses). Here show that compared to 60 uninfected controls, tTau, GFAP, NfL, UCH-L1 are increased infection at timepoints NfL GFAP significantly higher participants complications. Inflammatory mediators...
Brain infections pose substantial challenges in diagnosis and management carry high mortality morbidity, especially low-income middle-income countries. We aimed to improve the early of patients admitted hospital (adults aged 16 years older children >28 days) with suspected acute brain at 13 hospitals Brazil, India, Malawi. With stakeholders, policy makers, patient public representatives, we co-designed a multifaceted clinical laboratory intervention, informed by an evaluation routine...
Acute meningitis remains a devastating disease.Clinicians need low threshold for suspecting meningitis, to undertake appropriate investigations and provide treatment in timely manner, minimise the risk of poor outcome bacterial disease, while limiting unnecessary viral meningitis. DefinitionsMeningitis is inflammation meninges covering brain.It pathological definition.The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) typically exhibits an elevated number leucocytes (or pleocytosis).In adults, >5 leucocytes/μL...
In November 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic death toll surpassed five million individuals. We applied Mendelian randomization including >3,000 blood proteins as exposures to identify potential biomarkers that may indicate risk for hospitalization or need respiratory support due COVID-19, respectively. After multiple testing correction, using genetic instruments and under assumptions of Randomization, our results were consistent with higher levels GCNT4, CD207, RAB14, C1GALT1C1, ABO being...
Anaemia causes significant morbidity in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria, but the mechanism(s) are unclear. During malarial infection, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated that may contribute to erythrocyte damage and anaemia. This study measured concentrations of α‐tocopherol plasma membranes, percentage polyunsaturated fatty acid composition (%PUFA) (an indirect marker ROS damage) membranes severe P. malaria from Kilifi, Kenya, asymptomatic same district. Malarial...
The prevalence of CD36 deficiency in East Asian and African populations suggests that the causal variants are under selection by severe malaria. Previous analysis data from International HapMap Project indicated a haplotype bearing nonsense mutation (T1264G; rs3211938) had undergone recent positive Yoruba Nigeria. To investigate global distribution this putative event, we genotyped T1264G 3420 individuals 66 populations. We confirmed high frequency 1264G (26%). However, allele is less common...
Myocardial failure, leading to inotrope-unresponsive shock, is the predominant cause of death in meningococcal and other forms septic shock. Proinflammatory cytokines released shock are known have myocardial depressant effects. We previously showed that interleukin 6 a major factor children with septicemia. In current study, we aimed investigate mechanisms by which induces failure sepsis identify potential novel therapeutic targets.Laboratory-based study.University hospital...
Background. Encephalitis is parenchymal brain inflammation, commonly due to herpes simplex virus (HSV). Key host inflammatory mediators and their relationship blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, neuroimaging changes, disease outcome are poorly understood.