A5054167096- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Helminth infection and control
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Gut microbiota and health
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Cellular transport and secretion
University of Exeter
2023-2025
Medical Research Council
2023-2025
University of Cape Town
2016-2025
Université d'Orléans
2017-2024
University of Birmingham
2017-2024
Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa
2018-2024
Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires
2018-2024
Le Studium
2017-2023
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2017-2023
South African Medical Research Council
2017-2022
Early life microbiota is an important determinant of immune and metabolic development may have lasting consequences. The maternal gut during pregnancy or breastfeeding for defining infant microbiota. We hypothesized that a critical immunity. To test this, pregnant BALB/c dams were fed vancomycin 5 days prior to delivery (gestation; Mg), 14 postpartum nursing (Mn), gestation (Mgn), no (Mc). analyzed adaptive immunity in pups at various times after delivery. In addition direct alterations...
Abstract Infection with parasitic helminths can imprint the immune system to modulate bystander inflammatory processes. Bystander or virtual memory CD8 + T cells (T VM ) are non-conventional displaying properties that be generated through responsiveness interleukin (IL)-4. However, it is not clear if helminth-induced type 2 immunity functionally affects compartment. Here, we show expand CD44 hi CD62L CXCR3 CD49d lo direct IL-4 signaling in cells. Importantly, helminth-mediated conditioning...
Synthesis of acetylcholine by group 2 innate lymphoid cells is important for optimal immune responses to helminth infection.
Abstract Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen (O-Ag) is known to limit antibody binding surface antigens, although the relationship between antibody, O-Ag and other outer-membrane antigens poorly understood. Here we report, immunization with trimeric porin OmpD from Salmonella Typhimurium (STmOmpD) protects against infection. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations indicate this because trimers generate footprints within layer sufficiently sized for a single IgG Fab access. While STmOmpD...
Interleukin 4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) is essential for effective clearance of gastrointestinal nematode infections. Smooth muscle cells are considered to play a role in the type 2 immune response–driven expulsion nematodes. Previous studies have shown vitro that signal transducer and activator transcription 6 signaling response parasitic infection significantly increases smooth cell contractility. Inhibition IL-4Rα pathway inhibits this response. How manifests itself vivo unknown. In study,...
Studying leopards Panthera pardus in mountainous regions is challenging and there little ecological information on their behaviour these habitats. We used data from global positioning system (GPS) radio-collared conjunction with leopard scat analysis to identify key aspects of feeding habits the Cederberg Mountains South Africa. located 53 kill/feeding sites clustered GPS locations ≥4 h analysed 93 scats. Both methods showed that klipspringers Oreotragus oreotragus rock hyraxes Procavia...
Abstract Background Intestinal mucus production by hyperplasic goblet cells is a striking pathological feature of many parasitic helminth infections and related to intestinal protection worm expulsion. Induction cell hyperplasia associated with TH2 immune responses, which in are controlled primarily IL-13, also IL-4. In the study presented here we examine response three experimental infections; namely Nippostrongylus brasiliensis , Syphacia obvelata Schistosoma mansoni . Results As expected...
Innate immunity is regulated by cholinergic signalling through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. We show here that the M3 muscarinic receptor (M3R) plays an important role in adaptive to both Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, as M3R-/- mice were impaired their ability resolve infection with either pathogen. CD4 T cell activation cytokine production reduced mice. Immunity secondary N. was severely impaired, responses accompanied lower numbers of...
Highlights•Silica impairs host control of M. tuberculosis infection via a type 2 immune response•Extracellular DNA potentiates silica-induced exacerbation infection•Silica primes STING activation, potentiating the response to DNA•Both and trigger cGAS/STING/IFNI-mediated immunitySummaryLung inflammation induced by silica tuberculosis, yet underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that silica-driven associates with raised immunity. Silica increases pulmonary Th2 cell M2 macrophage...
Mothers transfer immune cells via breastfeeding to provide offspring with long-term protection from parasitic infection.
Pulmonary epithelial cell responses can enhance type 2 immunity and contribute to control of nematode infections. An important product is the collectin Surfactant Protein D (SP-D). We found that SP-D concentrations increased in lung following Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection; this increase was dependent on key components immune response. carried out loss gain function studies establish if required for optimal parasite. N. infection SP-D-/- mice resulted profound impairment host innate...
How helminths influence the pathogenesis of sexually transmitted viral infections is not comprehensively understood. Here, we show that an acute helminth infection (Nippostrongylus brasiliensis [Nb]) induced a type 2 immune profile in female genital tract (FGT). This leads to heightened epithelial ulceration and pathology subsequent herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 infection. was IL-5-dependent but IL-4 receptor alpha (Il4ra) independent, associated with increased FGT eosinophils, raised vaginal...
BackgroundAscaris infections, with a worldwide prevalence above 10%, can cause respiratory pathology. However, long-term effects on lung function in humans are largely unknown.ObjectiveWe investigated the associations of Ascaris exposure function, asthma, and DNA methylation.MethodsSerum IgG antibodies were measured 671 adults aged 18 to 47 years (46% women) from Aarhus, Bergen, Tartu RHINESSA study centers. Seropositivity was defined as 90th percentile. Linear logistic regressions used...
During maternity mothers undergo an immune pivot to a type 2 phenotype which is independent of any antigen experience. In this study we present maternal Type immunity as key enabler optimal maternally-driven microchimeric transfer helminth infection in offspring. To demonstrate that dictates offspring nursed wildtype (WT) on WT or IL-4Rα-/- foster mothers. IL-4Ra-/- acquired reduced signature compared This demonstrated IL-4Rα imprints increased related dependent frequency cells (MMc) being...
Abstract Inflammation-induced thrombosis is a common consequence of bacterial infections, such as those caused by Salmonella Typhimurium (STm). The presentation multi-organ post-infection that develops and resolves with organ-specific kinetics raises significant challenges for its therapeutic control. Here, we identify specific inflammatory events driving in the spleens livers STm-infected mice. IFN-γ or platelet expression C-type lectin-like receptor CLEC-2, key drivers liver, are...
We detected Emergomyces africanus, a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes an HIV-associated systemic mycosis, by PCR in 18 (30%) of 60 soil samples from wide range habitats South Africa. Direct and indirect culture techniques were unsuccessful. Experimental intraperitoneal inoculation conidia induced murine disease.
Activation of macrophages and subsequent "killing" effector functions against infectious pathogens are essential for the establishment protective immunity. NF-IL6 is a transcription factor downstream IFN-gamma TNF in macrophage activation pathway required bacterial killing. Comparison microarray expression profiles Listeria monocytogenes (LM)-infected from WT NF-IL6-deficient mice enabled us to identify candidate genes involved unknown pathways LM killing independent reactive oxygen...