The number of bacterial strains that are resistant to multiple conventional antimicrobial agents is increasing. In this context, natural products have been widely used as a strategy treat diseases caused by bacteria. Infections Helicobacter pylori attracted attention because they directly related severe gastric medical conditions. Casearia sylvestris Swartz, popularly known guaçatonga, largely employed disorders in Brazilian folk medicine. This plant species has aroused much interest mainly...

Abstract Although many advances have been achieved to treat aggressive tumours, cancer remains a leading cause of death and public health problem worldwide. Among the main approaches for discovery new bioactive agents, prospect microbial secondary metabolites represents an effective source development drug leads. In this study, we investigated actinobacterial diversity associated with endemic Antarctic species, Deschampsia antarctica , by integrated culture-dependent culture-independent...

Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects millions of people and it an important public health problem. The drugs currently used for the treatment leishmaniasis present undesirable side effects low efficacy. In this study, we evaluated in vitro activity Melampodium divaricatum (MD-EO) Casearia sylvestris (CS-EO) essential oils (EO) against promastigote amastigote forms Leishmania amazonensis. Sesquiterpenes E-caryophyllene (56.0%), germacrene D (12.7%) bicyclogermacrene (9.2%) were identified...

Rationale: Previous studies with the serotonergic hallucinogens LSD and psilocybin showed that these drugs induced changes in personality traits, such as increases Openness. However, results are inconsistent, effects of ayahuasca on were never investigated a controlled trial. Objectives: To assess two randomized, placebo-controlled trials healthy volunteers. Methods: Data from parallel-group, volunteers included. In first trial, 15 ingested or placebo, while second trial received...

This work used the broth microdilution method to investigate antimicrobial activity of essential oil obtained from leaves Plectranthus neochilus (PN-EO) against a representative panel oral pathogens. We assessed this in terms minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). PN-EO displayed moderate Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 250 μ g/mL) and Streptococcus salivarus g/mL), significant sobrinus 62.5 sanguinis mitis 31.25 Lactobacillus casei interesting mutans 3.9 g/mL). GC-FID GC-MS helped identify...

A sensitive, reproducible, and rapid method was developed for the simultaneous determination of underivatized amino acids (aspartate, serine, glycine, alanine, methionine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan) neurotransmitters (glutamate γ‐aminobutyric acid) in plasma samples using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The concentrations obtained from 35 schizophrenic patients treatment with clozapine (27 patients) olanzapine (eight...

Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. Ex Schult) DC is used by indigenous tribes in the Amazonian region of Central and South America to treat inflammation, allergies asthma. The therapeutic properties U. have been attributed presence tetracyclic pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids phenolic acids.To characterize aqueous bark extracts (ABE) leaf (ALE) compare their anti-inflammatory effects.Constituents were identified ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anti-inflammatory activities...

Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae) has a recognized therapeutic potential against various diseases associated with oxidative stress. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant an aqueous leaf extract (ALE) from U. tomentosa, and its major alkaloids mitraphylline isomitraphylline. activity ALE investigated in vitro using standard assays (DPPH, ABTS FRAP), while vivo mode action were studied Caenorhabditis elegans as model organism. purified did not exhibit effects vivo. reduced...

Nitrite and nitrate restore deficient endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production as they are converted back to NO, therefore complement the classic enzymatic NO synthesis. Circulating nitrite must cross membrane barriers produce their effects increased concentrations may attenuate influx into cells, decreasing generation from nitrite. Moreover, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) mediates formation nitrate. However, no study has examined whether attenuates XOR-mediated We hypothesized that vascular...

Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) are among illicit stimulant drugs that most often used worldwide. A major challenge is to develop a fast and efficient methodology involving minimal sample preparation analyze ATS in biological fluids. In this study, urine pool solution containing amphetamine, methamphetamine, ephedrine, sibutramine, fenfluramine at concentrations ranging from 0.5 pg/mL 100 ng/mL was prepared analyzed by atmospheric solids analysis probe tandem mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS/MS)...

Abstract Background Serotonergic hallucinogens and cannabinoids may alter the recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE). Cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates psychoactive effects cannabinoid-1 agonist tetrahydrocannabinol. Ayahuasca is a dimethyltryptamine-containing hallucinogenic decoction. It unknown if CBD moderate attenuate ayahuasca on REFE. Procedures Seventeen healthy volunteers participated 1-week preliminary parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial for 18 months. Volunteers...

Abstract Triterpene acids, including ursolic acid (1), urjinolic (4) and oleanoic (5) along with a mixture of 2 α ‐hydroxyursolic (2) maslic (3) were isolated from methylene chloride extracts the Miconia sellowiana M. ligustroides species their activities against trypomastigote blood forms Trypanosoma cruzi evaluated. The potassium salt derivative (1a) was also tested. in vitro assays showed that compounds 1, 5 1a most active (IC 50 17.1 µ m , 12.8 8.9 respectively). In contrast, plus 3,...

Abstract Objective To assess endocannabinoid (anandamide, AEA; 2‐arachidonoylglycerol, 2‐AG) plasma levels in healthy volunteers and with social anxiety disorder (SAD) after a single oral dose of ayahuasca or placebo. Methods Post hoc analysis (baseline, 90 240 min drug intake) from two parallel‐group, randomized, placebo‐controlled trials. In Study 1, 20 ingested (average 1.58 mg/ml dimethyltryptamine (DMT)) placebo, 2, 17 SAD received 0.680 DMT) Results A significant difference was...

Tinctures are medicinal plant extracts obtained by extraction with a hydroalcoholic solution (70%) percolation (PER). This process takes about 26 h to prepare, in addition using large amount of solvent. In our research, passion fruit leaf tinctures were extract the same pressurized as an intermittent process. The objective was demonstrate that this emerging technology can be economical and profitable. An optimization Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) performed evaluate influence...

A recently described actinomycete species (Streptomyces araujoniae ASBV-1(T)) is effective against many phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of to inhibit Botrytis cinerea development in strawberry pseudofruit, and identified chemical structures its bioactive compounds. An ethyl acetate crude extract (0.1 mg ml(-1)) ASBV-1(T) fermentation broth completely inhibited fungus growth pseudofruit under storage conditions. The was fractionated by preparative...

Abstract Spiro-oxindole scaffolds have been studied due to their promising therapeutic potential. In the Amazon rainforest there are two important Uncaria species known as “cat’s claw”, which biosynthesize spirocyclic oxindole alkaloids; tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC. and guianensis (Aublet) Gmell. We carried out a precursor-directed biosynthesis approach with U. successfully obtained alkaloid analogues molecular mass corresponding addition of methyl or fluorine group on ring using...

Since laccase acts specifically in lignin, the major contributor to biomass recalcitrance, this biocatalyst represents an important alternative pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, study investigates and climate change effects on hydrolytic performance Panicum maximum. Through a Trop-T-FACE system, P. maximum grew under current (Control (C)) future conditions: elevated temperature (2 °C more than ambient canopy temperature) combined with atmospheric CO2 concentration(600 μmol...

Brazilian green propolis is used in folk medicine because of its various biological properties. The hydroalcoholic extract characteristic for possessing several pharmacological Phytochemical investigations have attributed some these properties to the presence compounds, which were chosen as analytical markers. This paper reports development and validation using UPLC-MS/MS MRM mode. Veratraldehyde was an internal standard qualitative quantitative analyses extracts. Relative deviation values...