A5015278373- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Malaria Research and Control
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Tumors and Oncological Cases
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- RNA regulation and disease
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Rabies epidemiology and control
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna
2013-2024
Abstract Lagovirus is an emerging genus of Caliciviridae , which includes the Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) rabbits and European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) hares that cause lethal hepatitis. In 2010, a new RHDV related (RHDV2) with unique genetic antigenic profile lower virulence was identified in France rabbits. Here we report identification RHDV2 as Sardinia several outbreaks acute hepatitis Cape ( Lepus capensis mediterraneus ). This first account lagovirus causes fatal...
We describe the detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype 8 in cattle farms Sardinia and Sicily October-November 2022. The has a direct origin North Africa; its genome is identical (>99.9% nucleotide sequence identity) to EHDV strains detected Tunisia 2021.
In recent years, novel Bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes have been isolated and/or sequenced by researchers within the field. During surveillance activities, we identified a putative BTV serotype in healthy goats from Sardinia, Italy. RNAs purified blood and serum samples were positive for generic real time RT-PCR c-ELISA, respectively, whereas genotyping serotyping unsuccessful. By NGS, whole genome sequence was obtained two (BTV-X ITL2015 strains 34200 33531). Overall, Seg 2 of BTV-X shows...
Orf virus (ORFV) belongs to the genus Parapoxvirus (Poxviridae family). It is causative agent of contagious ecthyma (CE) that an economically detrimental disease affecting small ruminants globally. Contagious outbreaks are usually reported in intensive breeding sheep and goats but they have also been wildlife species. Notably, ORFV can infect humans, leading a zoonotic disease. This study aims elucidate global evolutionary history genomes goats, including first from Central America analyses....
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is a viral transmitted by Culicoides biting midges that affects wild and domestic ruminants. The causative agent, EHD virus (EHDV), belongs to the family Sedoreoviridae, genus Orbivirus. has never been reported in Europe until October 2022, when was for first time detected Sicily Sardinia. After clinical cases, an intensive entomological field activity carried out five affected farms located Sardinia, with aim of assessing EHDV vector competence European...
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) represent a group of viruses infecting sheep and goats worldwide. Despite the high heterogeneity genotype A strains, which cluster into as many ten subtypes, B was believed to be less complex has, so far, been subdivided only two subtypes. Here, we describe novel full-length proviral sequences isolated from Sarda in Italian regions. Genome sequence well main linear epitopes clearly placed this B. However, owing long-standing segregation breed, genetic...
Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLV) include at least 4 viral highly divergent genotypes. Genotypes A and B are widely distributed genotypes C E have been recognized in restricted geographic areas. New phylogroups identified targeting conserved regions. However, this approach suffers from the potential risk to misamplify strains. Pathogenic strains easily adapted fibroblastic cells, but non-pathogenic isolation may require a different approach. We developed fast effective method for SRLV full...
Arboviruses can cause a variety of clinical signs, including febrile illness, arthritis, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever. The recent Zika epidemic highlighted the possibility that arboviruses may also negatively affect male reproductive tract. In this study, we focused on bluetongue virus (BTV), causative agent one major ruminants. We show rams recovered from displayed signs testicular degeneration azoospermia up to 100 days after initial infection. Importantly, was induced in...
SUMMARY West Nile virus (WNV) strains belonging to lineage 2 were detected and isolated from the tissues of a goshawk two carrion crows in Sardinia August 2012. According NS3 sequence analysis, Sardinian isolates shared high level similarity with those Italian which circulated 2011 homologous 2004 Hungarian isolate. Following human fatality reported Olbia, this study is first report spread enzootic circulation WNV Sardinia.
The mechanisms underlying virus emergence are rarely well understood, making the appearance of outbreaks largely unpredictable. Bluetongue serotype 8 (BTV-8), an arthropod-borne ruminants, emerged in livestock northern Europe 2006, spreading to most European countries by 2009 and causing losses billions euros. Although outbreak was successfully controlled through vaccination early 2010, puzzlingly, a closely related BTV-8 strain re-emerged France 2015, triggering second that is still...
Orf virus (ORFV) is distributed worldwide and the causative agent of contagious ecthyma that mainly occurs in sheep goats. This disease was reported for first time at end 18th century Europe but very little currently known about temporal geographic origins this virus. In present study, use new Italian whole genomes allowed better inference on evolutionary history ORFV. accordance with previous studies, two genome types (S G) were described infection goats, respectively. These...
ORF virus (ORFV) causes contagious ecthyma (“ORF”), a disease of sheep and goats characterized by lesions ranging from vesicles pustules to atypical papilloma-like angiomatous in the skin mucosae. The authors investigated molecular factors leading ORF-associated tumor-like changes. Fifteen lambs, 15 kids, an adult ram clinically affected natural ORFV infection were enrolled study examined several methods. was detected viral culture or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) lesioned...
Bluetongue is an infectious disease transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. imicola considered the main vector in Mediterranean basin but other species have been implicated virus (BTV) transmission. During 2017, BTV serotype 4 re‐occurred Sardinia causing outbreaks sheep farms. A survey was carried out on affected farms with aim to detect field‐collected . Biting midges were morphologically identified, pooled and then assayed a real time RT‐PCR. To evaluate dissemination, some dissected...
Canine herpesvirus 1 (CaHV-1) infects dogs, causing neonatal death and ocular, neurological, respiratory, reproductive problems in adults. Although CaHV-1 is widespread canine populations, only four studies have focused on the whole genome. In such context, two strains from both kidney spleen of 20-day-old deceased French Bulldog puppies were recently isolated Sardinia, Italy. The extracted viral DNA underwent whole-genome sequencing using Illumina MiSeq platform. Italian genomes nearly...
Orf virus (ORFV) represents the causative agent of contagious ecthyma, clinically characterized by mild papular and pustular to severe proliferative lesions, mainly occurring in sheep goats. In order provide hints on evolutionary history this virus, we carried out a study aimed assess genetic variation ORFV Sardinia that hosts large affected small ruminant population. We also found high worldwide mutational viral rate, which resulted, turn, higher than rate detected for strains isolated...
Abstract We describe the first detection in European Union of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). EHDV-8 has been detected cattle farms Sardinia and Sicily. The a direct Northern African origin as its genome is identical (>99.9% nucleotide sequence identity) to strains Tunisia 2021/2022.
Understanding how geography and human mobility shape the patterns spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 is key to control future epidemics. An interesting example provided by second wave epidemic in Europe, which was facilitated intense movement tourists around Mediterranean coast summer 2020. The Italian island Sardinia a major tourist destination widely believed be origin wave. In this study, we characterize genetic variation among SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating northern during...
This paper reports that Bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV-1) infected blood collected during the 2006 Sardinia (Italy) epidemic from a ewe with clinical disease and stored at ~ 5°C for 10 years, caused (BT)-like death when inoculated into susceptible Sarda breed ram. Anatomo-histopathological examination Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (Real-Time RT-PCR) confirmed presence of BTV-1 in several tissues proving isolate has maintained its infectivity virulence.
Bluetongue (BT) a major OIE-listed disease of wild and domestic ruminants caused by several serotypes virus, virus with segmented dsRNA genome belonging to the family Reoviridae, genus Orbivirus. BTV is transmitted through bites Culicoides midges. The aim this study was develop new method for quantification Seg-10 droplet digital RT-PCR (RTdd-PCR), using nucleic acids purified from complex matrices such as blood, tissues midges, that notoriously contain strong PCR inhibitors. First, RTdd-PCR...