A5085980039- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Integrated Water Resources Management
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Potato Plant Research
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Advanced Scientific Research Methods
- Structural and Chemical Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
Plant Protection Institute
2015-2025
Centre for Agricultural Research
2014-2025
Hungarian Research Network
2021-2023
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
2007-2018
University of Pannonia
1993-1995
Summary An analysis of incidence Phytophthora spp. in 732 European nurseries producing forest transplants, larger specimen trees, landscape plants and ornamentals, plus 2525 areas which trees shrubs were planted, is presented based on work conducted by 38 research groups 23 countries between 1972 2013. Forty‐nine taxa recorded 670 (91.5%); within these nurseries, 1614 1992 nursery stands (81.0%) infested, although most affected appeared healthy. In plantings, 56 recovered from 1667 tested...
New species: Phytophthora amamensis T. Jung, K. Kageyama, H. Masuya & S. Uematsu, angustata L. Garcia, B. Mendieta-Araica, Y. Balci, balkanensis I. Milenković, Ž. Tomić, Jung M. Horta borneensis A. Durán, Tarigan calidophila Garcia catenulata T.-T. Chang, N.M. Chi celeris Oliveira, curvata Hieno, distorta E. Sanfuentes von Stowasser excentrica Kageyama C.M. Brasier, falcata Uematsu fansipanensis Chi, Corcobado frigidophila Broders furcata Milenković inclinata indonesiensis Tarigan,...
As global plant trade expands, tree disease epidemics caused by pathogen introductions are increasing. Since ca 2000, the introduced oomycete Phytophthora ramorum has devastating in Europe and North America, spreading as four ancient clonal lineages, each of a single mating type, suggesting different geographical origins. We surveyed laurosilva forests for P. around Fansipan mountain on Vietnam-China border Shikoku Kyushu islands, southwest Japan. The surveys yielded 71 isolates which we...
During surveys of Phytophthora diversity in natural and semi-natural Fagaceae forests Austria, Italy Portugal, four new cryptic species were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples. Multigene phylogeny based on nuclear ITS, ß-tubulin HSP90 mitochondrial cox1 NADH1 gene sequences demonstrated that two species, P. tyrrhenica vulcanica spp. nov, belong to phylogenetic Clade 7a, while the other castanetorum tubulina clustered together with quercina forming a clade, named here as 12. All are...
During a survey of Phytophthora diversity in natural ecosystems Taiwan six new species were detected. Multigene phylogeny based on the nuclear ITS, ß-tubulin and HSP90 mitochondrial cox1 NADH1 gene sequences demonstrated that they belong to ITS Clade 7a with P. europaea , uniformis rubi cambivora being their closest relatives. All differed from each other related by unique combination morphological characters, breeding system, cardinal temperatures growth rates. Four homothallic species,...
In 2013 a survey of Phytophthora diversity was performed in 25 natural and seminatural forest stands rivers temperate montane subtropical lowland regions Taiwan. Using baiting assays, 10 described species 17 previously unknown taxa were isolated from 71.5% the 144 rhizosphere soil samples 33 40 tree sampled 24 stands, 19 rivers: P. capensis , citrophthora plurivora tropicalis citricola VII sp. × botryosa‐like, meadii‐like occultans‐like Clade 2; palmivora 4; castaneae heveae 5; chlamydospora...
In 2016 and 2017, surveys of Phytophthora diversity were performed in 25 natural semi-natural forest stands 16 rivers temperate subtropical montane tropical lowland regions Vietnam. Using baiting assays from soil samples direct isolations naturally fallen leaves, 13 described species, five informally designated taxa 21 previously unknown isolated 58 the 91 (63.7%) taken rhizosphere 52 64 woody plant species sampled (81.3%) 20 (83.7%), all rivers: P. capensis, citricola VII, VIII, IX, X XI,...
Since its first isolation from Salix roots in 1972, isolates of a sexually sterile Phytophthora species have been obtained frequently wet or riparian habitats worldwide and also isolated Alnus Prunus spp. Although originally assigned to gonapodyides on morphological grounds, it was recognized that these isolates, informally named P . taxon Salixsoil, might represent separate lineage within ITS Clade 6. Based phylogenetic analyses comparisons morphology, growth‐temperature relationships...
A non-papillate, heterothallic Phytophthora species first isolated in 2001 and subsequently from symptomatic roots, crowns stems of 33 plant 25 unrelated botanical families 13 countries is formally described here as a new species. Symptoms on various hosts included crown stem rot, chlorosis, wilting, leaf blight, cankers gumming. This was Australia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, United Kingdom States association with shrubs...
Phytophthora is a long-established, well known and globally important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic evidence has shown that the biologically distinct, obligate biotrophic downy mildews evolved from at least twice. Since, cladistically, this renders ‘paraphyletic’, it been proposed evolutionary clades be split into multiple genera (Runge et al. 2011; Crous 2021; Thines 2023; 2024). In letter, we review arguments for retention generic name with broad circumscription made by Brasier...
A series of sixteen ring-substituted N-arylcinnamamides was prepared and characterized. Primary in vitro screening all the synthesized compounds performed against Staphylococcus aureus, three methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, Fusarium avenaceum, Bipolaris sorokiniana. Several tested showed antistaphylococcal, antitubercular, antifungal activities comparable with or higher than those ampicillin, isoniazid, benomyl....
Changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity were examined infected barley seedlings of five cultivars with the goal to study role SOD defense mechanism induced by Pyrenophora teres f. (PTT) infection. Our results showed that although there differences responses cultivars, all three PTT isolates (H-618, H-774, H-949) had significantly increased varieties at early stages The lowest was observed case most resistant cultivar. did not show a clear connection between seedling resistance...
During various surveys of
Invasive, exotic plant pathogens pose a major threat to native and agricultural ecosystems. Phytophthora × cambivora is an invasive, destructive pathogen of forest fruit trees causing severe damage worldwide chestnuts (Castanea), apricots, peaches, plums, almonds cherries (Prunus), apples (Malus), oaks (Quercus), beech (Fagus). It was one the first damaging invasive species be introduced Europe North America, although its origin unknown. We determined population genetic history in Europe,...
Heat stress alters plant defence responses to pathogens. Short-term heat shock promotes infections by biotrophic However, little is known about how affects infection hemibiotrophic pathogens like Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus). We assessed the effect of in B. sorokiniana-susceptible barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Ingrid) monitoring leaf spot symptoms, biomass, ROS and defence-related gene expression following pre-exposure shock. For shock, plants were kept at 49 °C for...
Abstract The Valdivian rainforest, one of the global hotspots biodiversity, is a temperate rainforest originating as Tertiary relic from supercontinent Gondwana. In November 2014, survey Phytophthora diversity was performed in 13 natural forest stands and 20 streams rivers two protected areas near Valdivia montane Concepción area. One planted stand each introduced tree species Castanea sativa Fagus sylvatica were also included. Using baiting assays, eight described four previously unknown...
Solidago rugosa is one of the goldenrod species native to North America but has sporadically naturalized as an alien plant in Europe. The investigation root and leaf ethanol extracts using a bioassay-guided process with anti-Bacillus assay resulted isolation two antimicrobial components. Structure elucidation was performed based on high-resolution tandem mass spectrometric one- two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic analyses that revealed (-)-hardwickiic acid (Compound 1) (-)-abietic 2). isolates...
Abstract Barley‐pathogenic Pyrenophora isolates are P. graminea (PG), teres f. maculata (PTM) and (PTT), which cause foliar leaf stripe, spot blotch net lesions, respectively. However, the species often indistinguishable by morphological cultural characteristics. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis has been used to study genetic relationship amongst 11 PG, 9 PTM 23 PTT from distant geographical locations. Using seven primers, 55 (52.38%) bands were detected out of 105 different...
Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea Ait.) root extract was screened for bioactive compounds by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), coupled with effect-directed analysis including antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis F1276, B. subsp. spizizenii, Aliivibrio fischeri and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria), antifungal (Fusarium avenaceum) enzyme inhibition (acetyl- butyrylcholinesterases, α- β-glucosidases α-amylase) assays. Compounds of six multipotent zones (Sg1-Sg6) were characterized...
Root extracts of three goldenrods were screened for antimicrobial compounds. 2Z,8Z- and 2E,8Z-matricaria esters from European goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea) E- Z-dehydromatricaria grass-leaved graminifolia) first showy speciosa) identified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography combined with effect-directed analysis high-resolution mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy after liquid chromatographic fractionation isolation. Next to their antibacterial effects...
Abstract A new Phytophthora disease of common alder ( Alnus glutinosa ) similar to that previously reported in several countries Europe has been observed Hungary. Based on these earlier studies, the was considered likely be a hybrid between P cambivora and fragariae ‐like species: across range is spreading comprise heteroploid hybrids including ‘standard’ type other types termed ‘variants’. Phenotypic molecular features pathogen Hungary were characterised compared with isolates from...
Net form net blotch disease, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres, results in significant yield losses to barley industries. Up-to-date knowledge of the genetic diversity and structure pathogen populations is critical for elucidating disease epidemiology unraveling survival dispersal mechanisms. Thus, this study investigated long-distance adaptation analyzing 250 P. isolates collected from Australia, Canada, Hungary, Republic South Africa (RSA), historical Denmark, Japan, Sweden. The...
In 2007, Phytophthora isolates with atypical morphological and biological characteristics were found associated root collar rot of potted plants Stoechas lavender (Lavandula stoechas) in an ornamental nursery Italy. A polyphasic approach, including cultural observations, sequencing the ITS-rDNA region, Pheca mitochondrial coxI genes, multiplex PCRs primers specific for P. nicotianae or cactorum, as well random amplified polymorphic DNA–polymerase chain reaction, was used to characterize...
In October 2009, necrotic bark lesions at the root collar and lower stem associated with rot, reduced growth, wilting were observed on container-grown 2-year-old common sage (