The gut microbiota play an important role in the growth and intestinal health of broilers. present study was to investigate microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, morphology broilers at different ages. A total 320 one-day-old male were raised 8 replicates fed same corn–soybean diets for 42 D. duodenal, jejunal, ileal segments their cecal collected on day 1, 7, 14, 21, 42, respectively. villous height (VH), crypt depth (CD), ratio VH:CD duodenum, jejunum, ileum all increased (P < 0.05) with...

The study was carried out to evaluate the beneficial effects of supplemental zinc (Zn) on intestinal mucosal barrier function in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-challenged broiler chickens a 42-day experiment. A total 336 1-day-old male Arbor Acres chicks were assigned eight treatment groups. 4×2 factorial arrangement treatments used completely randomized experimental design levels Zn (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg diet), pathogen challenge (with or without S. Typhimurium challenge), their...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary calcium (Ca) or phosphorus (P) deficiency on bone development and related Ca P metabolic utilization parameters broilers. A total 504 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned 1 4 treatments with 7 replicates 18 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. 2 (Ca levels: 1.00 0.35%) × (nonphytate [NPP] 0.45 0.23%) factorial arrangement adopted 21-day trial. The Ca- P-adequate diet (1.00% + 0.45%...

Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and its combination with bamboo leaf flavonoid (BLF) have been shown to exhibit an additive antibacterial effect in vitro, but their functions broilers were not clear. An experiment was conducted investigate the effects of dietary graded levels CEO BLF on growth performance, immune responses, antioxidative ability, intestinal morphology microbiota fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet. A total 576 1-d-old Arbor Acres commercial male randomly allotted 9 treatments 8...

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between three types norms, two green purchase attitude, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and intention visit hotels. An integrated theoretical framework was used in based on theory planned behavior (TPB). A total 409 questionnaires were collected for analysis followed by subsequent empirical testing postulated hypotheses, which performed using SPSS AMOS. results suggest that subjective norm positively influences personal norm,...

Arabinoxylan (AX) is the major antinutritional factor of wheat. This study evaluated synergistic effects xylanase and debranching enzymes (arabinofuranosidase [ABF] feruloyl esterase [FAE]) on AX. During in vitro tests, addition ABF or FAE accelerated hydrolysis water-soluble AX (WE-AX) water-insoluble (WU-AX) produced more xylan oligosaccharides (XOS) than alone. XOS obtained from WE-AX stimulated greater proliferation Lactobacillus brevis Bacillus subtilis did fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)...

Abstract Pigeons, as the only altricial birds in poultry, are primary Trichomonas gallinae ( T. ) host. To study effects of infection on gut microbiota, we compared microbiota diversity and composition gastrointestinal (GI) tracts pigeons at age 14 21 day with different degrees infection. Thirty-six nestling were divided into three groups: healthy group, low-grade high-grade trichomonosis group. Then, crop, small intestine rectum contents obtained for sequencing 16S rRNA gene V3–V4...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects dietary P levels on performance rearing pigeons, and bone characteristics squabs from 7 21 d age. A total 192 pairs adult Silver King pigeons (40 wk age) were used. randomly allocated one 4 treatment groups, each consisting eight replicates 6 pigeon per replicate. Dietary treatments included basal diet (containing 0.3% P), supplemented with 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8% inorganic P. And Ca content kept at 1.40% across all treatments....

The present study was carried out to investigate the tibia phosphorus (P) retention and development as well their correlations possible mechanisms of broilers at different ages. A total 320 1-day-old Arbor Acres male were raised in 8 replicate cages 40 birds per cage, fed same corn-soybean diets for 42 d. Plasma samples collected on day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, or 42. results showed that ash P content increased linearly (P = 0.017), accumulation quadratically < 0.001) with age. traits bone...

It is of great importance to find antibiotic alternatives that can improve poultry performance and enhance immunity. Plant-derived extracts their concentrates are natural bioactive compounds widely effectively applied as the in animal industries. This study was conducted investigate effects Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, immune function, intestinal morphology, microbiota diversity young pigeons.A total 120 healthy White King pigeons (28...

In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary methionine restriction (MR) on antioxidant function and inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers reared at high stocking density. A total 504 one-day-old male Arbor Acre broiler chickens were randomly divided into four treatments: 1) CON group, fed a basal diet; 2) LPS LPS-challenged 3) MR1 methionine-restricted diet (0.3% methionine); 4) MR2 (0.4% methionine). intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg body...

The incidence of allergic diseases has increased to such a point that they have become common and reached epidemic levels. However, their pathogenesis is not fully understood. Paeoniae Radix Rubra traditional Chinese medicine also used as dietary supplement. Its main active ingredient paeoniflorin. Paeoniflorin good anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antitumor effects. It utilized in the treatment various clinical settings. its effects on type I allergies pseudoallergic reactions been...

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects zinc supplementation in breeding pigeons diet on carcass traits, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and mRNA expressions myogenic regulatory factors squabs. A total 120 healthy White King were randomly assigned 5 treatments, each involving 8 replicates. lasted for 46 d (18-d incubation period eggs 28-d growth squabs). groups 0, 30, 60, 90, mg/kg addition. Results showed that body weight, breast muscle yield, content crop milk factor 6...

Abstract The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary supplemental vitamin D 3 (VD ) on P absorption and utilisation as well its related mechanisms in small intestine broilers. A total 384 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were assigned randomly into four treatments following a completely randomised design with 2 (dietary non-phytate (NPP) contents: 0·43 0·22 %)×2 VD levels: 0 87·5 μg/kg) factorial arrangement. experiment lasted for 22 d. results showed that contents...

Abstract Background Phosphorus is essential for bone mineralization in broilers, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to investigate whether phosphorus retention and development might be regulated by related hormones local bone-derived regulators broilers. Methods Broilers were fed diets containing different levels of non-phytate (NPP) 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% 0.55% or 0.22%, 0.29%, 0.36% 0.43% from 1 21 22 42 days age. Serum tibia samples collected determinations...

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary calcium (Ca) or phosphorus (P) deficiency on bone development and related Ca P metabolic utilization parameters broilers from 22 42 days age based our previous study, which indicated that impaired by regulating 1 21 age. A total 504 one-day-old Arbor Acres male were randomly assigned 4 treatments with 7 replicates in a completely randomized design, fed normal control Ca- P-deficient diets At age, further diet (0.90% Ca+0.35%...

Context Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk (Apiaceae) (SD) has various pharmacological activities, but its effects on type I allergy (TIA) have not been comprehensively studied.Objective This study evaluates the treatment and molecular mechanisms of SD against TIA.Materials methods The effective components action targets were screened using TCMSP database, allergy-related predicted GeneCards OMIM database. obtained target intersections imported into David database for GO analysis,...

We aimed to explore the effects of two different doses Zn on fecal microbiota in pigeons and correlation between these intestinal immune status. affected pigeon growth performance, T60 (60 mg/kg Zn) T90 (90 groups exhibited higher villus height crypt depth duodenum ileum compared control group, respectively. Supplementation with increased expression

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary riboflavin levels on reproductive performance pigeon breeders and growth carcass traits offspring squabs estimate requirement breeders. The natural content in basic diet corn-peas-soybean-wheat-sorghum-corn gluten is 1.20 mg/kg. Different doses (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 mg/kg) were supplemented with basal produce five treatments total 1.20, 3.70, 6.20, 10.20, 16.20 A 120 pairs White King pigeons, aged 60 wks, randomly allocated into treatment...