A5033631971- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geological formations and processes
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Marine and environmental studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
University of Iceland
2011-2024
University of the Faroe Islands
2020-2024
United States Geological Survey
2022-2024
Stanford University
2007-2008
Aarhus University
2005-2008
Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof crustal magma reservoir, forming caldera. Only few such collapses per century, and lack detailed observations has obscured insight into mechanical interplay between eruption. We use multiparameter geophysical geochemical data to show that 110-square-kilometer 65-meter-deep Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014-2015 was initiated through withdrawal magma, lateral migration 48-kilometers-long dike, from 12-kilometers deep...
The effusive six months long 2014-2015 Bárðarbunga eruption (31 August-27 February) was the largest in Iceland for more than 200 years, producing 1.6 ± 0.3 km 3 of lava.The total SO 2 emission 11 5 Mt, amount emitted from Europe 2011.The ground level concentration exceeded 350 µg m -3 hourly average health limit over much days to weeks.Anomalously high concentrations were also measured at several locations September.The lowest pH fresh snowmelt site 3.3, and 3.2 precipitation 105 away...
The Palaeogene Kangerlussuaq Intrusion (∼50 Ma) of East Greenland displays concentric zonation from quartz-rich nordmarkite (quartz syenite) at the margin, through pulaskite, to foyaite (nepheline in centre; modal layering and igneous lamination are locally developed but there no internal intrusive contacts. This is an apparent violation phase relations Petrogeny's Residua System. We propose that this intrusion layered, grading quartz syenite bottom nepheline top. Mineral whole-rock major...
Abstract Neogene regional mafic dykes extending north of the Álftafjörður central volcano in east Iceland are studied to test models dyke swarm emplacement at spreading ridges. This is accomplished by using anisotropy magnetic susceptibility define fossilized magma flow regimes. The imbrication foliation plane, defined minor axis, used as an indicator direction. Contemporaneous shear resolved on walls may modify a pure flow-induced fabric and such regimes therefore retracted. palaeo-stress...
ABSTRACT The Icelandic crust is characterized by low δ 18 O values that originate from pervasive high-temperature hydrothermal alteration O-depleted meteoric waters. Igneous rocks in Iceland with significantly higher than unaltered oceanic (~5.7‰) are therefore rare. Here we report on rhyolitic intra-caldera samples a cluster of Neogene central volcanoes Borgarfjörður Eystri, Northeast Iceland, show whole-rock between +2.9 and +17.6‰ ( n = 6), placing them among the highest thus far recorded...
The Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area in Eastern Iceland hosts several volcanic centres a relatively small area. Large volumes of silicic, as well an unusual amount intermediate rocks, occur this area, alongside other and sub-volcanic features that formed the Miocene between 14 12:2 Ma. We compiled first comprehensive geological map summarise geology based on more than 40 years fieldwork. identify regionally extensive marker horizons comprise (icelandite) mafic (olivine basalt...
SUMMARY We report a palaeomagnetic study of Icelandic lavas late Miocene to Pliocene age test the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis at high northern latitudes. Cores were sampled from 125 sites in Fljótsdalur valley eastern Iceland, and hand samples taken for 17 new incremental heating 40Ar/39Ar determinations. 96 per cent cores oriented using both Brunton compass sun compass. Comparison magnetic azimuths reveals deviations ±5°, ±10° ±20°, respectively, 42, 16 3 data points, indicating that...
The ‘forgotten fjords’ and ‘deserted inlets’ of NE‐Iceland, in the region between Borgarfjörður Eystri Loðmundarfjörður, are not only prominent because their pristine landscape, alleged elfin settlements, puffins that breed harbour, but also for magnificent geology. From a geological point view, area may hold Iceland's best kept secret. greater hosts mountain chains consist voluminous colourful silicic rocks concentrated within surprisingly small (Fig. ), represent second‐most occurrence...
Abstract The active rift zones in Iceland provide unique insight into the geodynamic processes of divergent plate boundaries. geodynamics are studied intensively, particularly, by geophysical methods sensitive to and/or visible structures such as earthquake seismic and Synthetic Aperture Radar observations or aerial photographs. However, older less structures, that may exert a strong control on presently geodynamics, often buried beneath recent volcanic sedimentary deposits are—due their...