A5048031076- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Landslides and related hazards
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geological Formations and Processes Exploration
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Marine and environmental studies
- Interprofessional Education and Collaboration
- Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Parkinson's Disease and Spinal Disorders
- Canadian Identity and History
- Tree-ring climate responses
University of Iceland
2015-2024
Portland State University
2022
Education Service Center Region 13
2021
Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof crustal magma reservoir, forming caldera. Only few such collapses per century, and lack detailed observations has obscured insight into mechanical interplay between eruption. We use multiparameter geophysical geochemical data to show that 110-square-kilometer 65-meter-deep Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014-2015 was initiated through withdrawal magma, lateral migration 48-kilometers-long dike, from 12-kilometers deep...
Abstract The basaltic effusive eruption at Mt. Fagradalsfjall lasted from 19 March to 18 September 2021, ending a 781‐year repose period on Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland. By late 33 near real‐time photogrammetric surveys were completed using satellite and airborne images, usually processed within 3–6 hr. results provide unprecedented temporal data sets of lava volume, thickness, effusion rate. This enabled rapid assessment evolution hazards populated areas, important infrastructure, tourist...
Hydrothermal explosions frequently occur in geothermal areas showing various mechanisms and energies of explosivity. Their deposits, though generally hardly recognised or badly preserved, provide important insights to quantify the dynamics energy these poorly understood explosive events. Furthermore host rock lithology system adds a control on efficiency release during an explosion. We present results from detailed study recent hydrothermal explosion deposits within active area at...
Central to positive learning outcomes for students with disabilities is the ability of individualized education program (IEP) team work collaboratively. Within IEP team, effective service delivery involves direct and related providers working in an interdisciplinary capacity as they share professional responsibilities implement student’s achieve common goal improved student outcomes. With support from literature, this paper discusses core components Bronstein’s Interdisciplinary...
At the time of writing (January 9, 2024) four basaltic effusive eruptions have taken place on Reykjanes Peninsula, SW Iceland since 2021. This includes three within Fagradalsfjall volcanic system (March 19–September 18, 2021; August 3–21, 2022 and July 10–August 5, 2023) one eruption Svartsengi (December 18–21, 2023). Near real-time photogrammetric monitoring was performed during all results yielded parameters such as lava volumes, thicknesses,...
Abstract. The 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at volcano, sponsored in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), provides precise observations of hydrothermal, geochemical, geomagnetic, microbiological changes that have occurred basaltic tephra minor intrusions since explosive effusive eruptions produced oceanic island 1963–1967. Two vertically cored boreholes,...
Abstract The gradual collapse of the subglacial Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014–2015 provided an opportunity to explore geothermal signals produced by large‐scale volcanic events. In August 2014, four ice cauldrons (shallow depressions on surface) formed flank. These reached their maximum volume rapidly and then shrank, indicating that they were created during minor eruptions. Several weeks after start collapse, three rim grew volume, with smaller forming 2015–2017. volumes range 1.0 ± 0.2 27 3...
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to is under consideration at Geophysical Research Letters. ESSOAr a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Volume, effusion rate, lava transport during 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption: Results from near real-time photogrammetric monitoringAuthorsGro Birkefeldt MøllerPederseniDJoaquin...
<p>The basaltic effusive eruption at Mt. Fagradalsfjall began on March 19, 2021, ending a 781-year hiatus Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland. At the time of writing (January 7, 2022), no eruptive activity has been observed since September 18, 2021. To monitor key parameters (i.e., effusion rate and volume), near-real photogrammetric monitoring was performed using combination satellite airborne stereo images.</p><p>By late 32 near real-time surveys were...
The heat transfer dynamics in volcanic geothermal areas determine the options for energy exploration. Intrusive and eruptive events provide additional input into system, as cooling solidification of magma heats surrounding host rock water porous matrix. evaporation leads to convection an advective rise steam fissures. Steam rises further diffuses atmosphere depending on wind conditions. lost by released is many cases one significant parameters that budget a system. Krafla fires describe...
About 10% of Iceland is covered by glaciers, including three the four most active central volcanoes, Grímsvötn, Katla and Bárðarbunga, where ice-filled calderas have glacier thickness several hundred meters.  Ice cauldrons, defined as circular or elongated depressions in surface glaciers which form due to enhanced basal melting, are very common ice-covered volcanic areas Iceland.  Many concentric crevasses.  Over 100 cauldrons...
<p>The 65 km<sup>2</sup> Bárdarbunga caldera is located in the NW part of Vatnajökull glacier central Iceland.  The floor lies under 500-800 m thick ice and rims are fully subglacial as well.  The subsided by during Bárdarbunga-Holuhraun eruption 2014-2015, when about 2 km<sup>3</sup> of magma drained out...
<p>Jökulhlaups (glacier outburst floods) are considered the most common type of volcanic hazard in Iceland, and result from accumulation meltwater during long-term geothermal activity beneath glaciers, or very rapid melting over a short period time. Jökulhlaups may occur without visible precursors prior warning, varying size being persistent leakage to floods that have caused considerable damage like jökulhlaups...