Ryan Herbst
A5069021853- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
- Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
2014-2024
Stanford University
2007-2021
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
2021
Princeton University
2021
University of California, San Diego
2021
National Institute of Standards and Technology
2021
University of Colorado Boulder
2021
Menlo School
2008-2019
A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
2014
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
2012
Size Matters Less X-ray crystallography is a central research tool for uncovering the structures of proteins and other macromolecules. However, its applicability typically requires growth large crystals, in part because sufficient number molecules must be present lattice sample to withstand x-ray—induced damage. Boutet et al. (p. 362 , published online 31 May) now demonstrate that intense x-ray pulses emitted by free-electron laser source can yield data few enough exposures uncover...
We report the observation of two-neutrino double-beta decay in Xe-136 with T_1/2 = 2.11 +- 0.04 (stat.) 0.21 (sys.) x 10^21 yr. This second order process, predicted by Standard Model, has been observed for several nuclei but not Xe-136. The rate provides new input to matrix element calculations and search more interesting neutrino-less decay, most sensitive probe existence Majorana particles measurement neutrino mass scale.
The ultrabright femtosecond X-ray pulses provided by free-electron lasers open capabilities for studying the structure and dynamics of a wide variety systems beyond what is possible with synchrotron sources. Recently, this “probe-before-destroy” approach has been demonstrated atomic determination serial diffraction microcrystals. There question whether similar can be extended to probe local electronic spectroscopy. To address this, we have carried out emission spectroscopy (XES) at Linac...
The Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a free electron laser operating from 250eV to10keV at 120Hz, is opening windows on new science in biology, chemistry, and solid state, atomic, plasma physics<sup>1,2</sup>. FEL provides coherent x-rays femtosecond pulses of unprecedented intensity. This allows the study materials up to 3 orders magnitude shorter time scales than previously possible. Many experiments LCLS require detector that can image scattered per-shot basis with high efficiency...
Free-electron lasers (FELs) present new challenges for camera development compared with conventional light sources. At SLAC a variety of technologies are being used to match the demands Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) and support wide range scientific applications. In this paper an overview X-ray detector design requirements at FELs is presented various cameras in use described benefit users planning experiments or analysts looking data. Features operation CSPAD camera, which currently...
We describe the newest generation of SLAC Microresonator RF (SMuRF) electronics, a warm digital control and readout system for microwave-frequency resonator-based cryogenic detector multiplexer systems, such as microwave superconducting quantum interference device multiplexers (μmux) or kinetic inductance detectors. Ultra-sensitive measurements in particle physics astronomy increasingly rely on large arrays sensors, which turn necessitate highly multiplexed accompanying room-temperature...
A microwave SQUID multiplexer ($\mu$MUX) has been optimized for coupling to large arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers. We present the scalable cryogenic chip design in a 1820-channel configuration 4-8 GHz rf band. The key metrics yield, sensitivity, and crosstalk are determined through measurements 455 readout channels, which span 4-5 GHz. median white-noise level is 45 pA/$\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$, evaluated at 2 Hz, with 1/f knee $\leq$ 20 mHz after common-mode...
The Heavy Photon Search (HPS), an experiment to search for a hidden sector photon in fixed target electroproduction, is preparing installation at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) Fall of 2014. As first stage this project, HPS Test Run apparatus was constructed and operated 2012 demonstrate experiment's technical feasibility confirm that trigger rates occupancies are as expected. This paper describes readout electronics its performance. In setting, heavy can be...
A compact low-level RF (LLRF) control system based on system-on-chip (RFSoC) technology has been designed for the Advanced Concept Compact Electron Linear-accelerator (ACCEL) program, which challenging requirements in both performance and size, weight power consumption (SWaP). The LLRF solution employs direct sampling technique of RFSoC, samples signals directly without any analogue up down conversion. Compared with conventional heterodyne architecture used linear accelerator (LINAC),...
In a successful engineering run, the Heavy Photon Search Collaboration demonstrates that its upcoming heavy photon search experiment will be able to probe so far unexplored parameter regions in for dark photons.
The Cornell-SLAC pixel array detector (CSpad) is a general-purpose integrating hybrid x-ray camera developed for use at the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free electron laser SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC). has full well capacity of about 2.Sk photons in low-gain mode and SIN 6 high-gain mode. Its 2.3M pixels are read out 120 Hz. comprises 32 500μm silicon sensors bump-bonded to 64 185×194-pixel ASICs. size 110μm. water-cooled quadrants can be radially moved in-situ vary...
ePix is a novel class of ASIC architectures, based on common platform, optimized to build modular scalable detectors for LCLS. The platform architecture composed random access analog matrix pixel with global shutter, fast parallel column readout, and dedicated sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters per column. It also implements control interface all the required support electronics perform configuration, calibration readout matrix. Based this front-end ASICs several camera modules,...
We report on the results of an extensive R&D program aimed at evaluation Thick-Gas Electron Multipliers (THGEM) as potential active elements for Digital Hadron Calorimetry (DHCAL). Results are presented efficiency, pad multiplicity and discharge probability a 10x10 cm2 prototype detector with 1 readout pads. The is comprised single- or double-THGEM multipliers coupled to electrode either directly via resistive anode. Investigations employing standard discrete electronics KPiX system have...
Free-electron lasers (FELs) made the imaging of atoms and molecules in motion possible, opening new science opportunities with high brilliance, ultra-short x-ray laser pulses at up to 120 Hz. Some or upgraded FEL facilities will operate greatly increased pulse rates (kHz MHz), presenting additional requirements on detection. We present ePix platform for detectors current status detectors: ePix100 low noise applications, ePix10k dynamic range ePixS spectroscopic applications. Then we...
Extremely high data rates at modern synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser light source beamlines motivate the use of machine learning methods for reduction, feature detection, other purposes. Regardless application, basic concept is same: collected in early stages an experiment, from past similar experiments, and/or simulated upcoming experiment are used to train models that, effect, learn specific characteristics those data; these then process subsequent more efficiently than would...
Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors are suitable for various applications due to the good energy resolution and simple pixilation achieve high spatial resolution. Our group is developing a two-panel head neck dedicated positron emission tomography system based on CZT detectors. Each panel will consist of 150 crystals (4×4×0.5 cm3) covering an area 20×15 cm2 in edge-on configuration detector efficiency at 511 keV. In this work, we present design development full data acquisition chain that...
The SLAC RCE platform is a general purpose clustered data acquisition system implemented on custom ATCA compliant blade, called the Cluster On Board (COB). core of Reconfigurable Element (RCE), which system-on-chip design based upon Xilinx Zynq family FPGAs, mounted COB daughter-boards. architecture couples dual ARM Cortex A9 processor with high performance 28nm FPGA. has 12 external bi-directional speed links, each supporting serial rates up to 12Gbps. 8 nodes are included COB, 10Gbps...
ePix10K is a hybrid pixel detector developed at SLAC for demanding free-electron laser (FEL) applications, providing an ultrahigh dynamic range (245 eV to 88 MeV) through gain auto-ranging. It has three modes (high, medium and low) two auto-ranging (high-to-low medium-to-low). The first cameras are built around modules consisting of sensor flip-chip bonded 4 ASICs, resulting in 352 × 384 pixels 100 µm x each. We present results from extensive testing with FEL beams LCLS, measured noise floor...
We present the conceptual design of modular detector and readout system for Cosmic Microwave Background – Stage four (CMB-S4) ground-based survey experiment. CMB-S4 will map cosmic microwave background (CMB) millimeter-wave sky to unprecedented sensitivity, using 500,000 superconducting detectors observing from Chile Antarctica over 60% sky. The fundamental building block is a module package operated at 100 mK, which connected amplification chain that carries signals out room temperature. It...
Several large physics experiments face an increasingly "data firehose". Raw data generation exceeds TB/s rates for several existing and planned experiments, generating untenable sets in very little time. The often contain limited information extracting this relevant online would reduce the offline storage requirements by orders of magnitude. Additionally, ultra low latency analysis can be used to drive a fast feedback control system adjust experiment real time, including decisions on...
After improving the PCB level electronics next step in our continuing upgrade program of LCLS Cornell-SLAC Pixel Array Detector (CSPAD) cameras is use a new improved ASIC named CSPAD V1.5. The upgraded includes on chip DACs to set bias currents all amplifiers. also supports power cycling by design. Together this simplifies complexity and eases integration many ASICs into one camera. Homogeneity across full reticle size was redesigning distribution. included modifications gain latches per...
The ePix100 x-ray camera is a new system designed and built at SLAC for experiments the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). first member of family detectors around single hardware software platform, supporting variety front-end chips. With readout speed 120 Hz, matching LCLS repetition rate, noise lower than 80 e-rms pixels 50 µm × µm, this offers viable alternative to fast readout, direct conversion, scientific CCDs in imaging mode. detector, applications such as X-ray Photon Correlation...
A second generation camera system has been developed and built at SLAC for use in experiments the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The is around ePix family of hybrid pixel detectors, with a focus on modularity mechanical, electrical, data acquisition interfaces, allowing versatile that can be quickly reconfigured. first compact, 155 mm × 52 box, an active area up to 35 38 mm, recording full frames over 540 kpixel rates excess 120 Hz. allows fast debugging development, providing test...