A5068296509- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Occupational exposure and asthma
Instituto Nacional de Saúde
2014-2024
LMU Klinikum
2020-2021
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2020-2021
Ministry of Health
2014
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a point-of-care (POC) nucleic acid–based test (NAT) for early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) in primary health clinics Mozambique. Methods: POC and laboratory NAT EID tests were conducted on matched blood samples collected from 827 HIV-exposed infants younger than 18 months who enrolled consecutively at 4 periurban central hospital Maputo. Lancet heel draw by nurses was tested site HIV-1/-2 RNA Alere device also used to create dried spots later testing...
Objective: We measured the effect of point-of-care (POC) early infant HIV testing on antiretroviral therapy initiation rates and retention in care among infants Mozambique. Design: A cluster-randomized trial was conducted 16 primary healthcare centres providing either on-site POC arm (n = 8) or referred laboratory [standard-of-care (SOC) arm; n 8] testing. Methods: The outcomes were proportion HIV-positive initiating within 60 days sample collection, who initiated that retained at 90...
Viral load testing is the WHO-recommended monitoring assay for patients on HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). Point-of-care (POC) assays may help improve access to viral in resource-limited settings. We compared performance of Alere Q NAT POC technology (Alere Technologies, Jena, Germany), measuring total RNA using finger prick capillary whole-blood samples collected a periurban health center, with that laboratory-based plasma test (Roche Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan v2) conducted matched...
ABSTRACT This is a substudy of the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS) Comparison Nevirapine and Efavirenz for Treatment HIV-TB Co-infected Patients (ANRS 12146-CARINEMO) trial, which assessed pharmacokinetics rifampin or isoniazid with without coadministration nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based HIV antiretroviral therapy in HIV-tuberculosis-coinfected patients Mozambique. Thirty-eight on antituberculosis based participated (57.9%...
Background Prevalence of HIV in Mozambique among individuals aged 15–49 years is 11.5%. The prevalence higher women than men across the country, peaking at ages 25–29 and 35–39 years, respectively. In this study, we aimed determining incidence HIV, Hepatitis B (HBV), syphilis youths. We also characterized a cohort youths for future participation phase I/II vaccine trials. Methods study was conducted youth clinic Maputo Central Hospital from August 2009 to October 2011. Youths both genders...
Abstract Background The World Health Organization–approved Xpert MTB/XDR test detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, injectable drugs directly in specimens. This pragmatic, laboratory-based study assessed the diagnostic accuracy feasibility of a reflex testing approach, where was performed on residual specimens previously processed for MTB/RIF Ultra. Methods Routine respiratory specimens, Ultra, were stored sample reagent buffer at...
Background Failure to timely diagnose HIV in infants is a major barrier for scaling-up paediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART). WHO recommends birth testing earlier diagnosis and improve test coverage, but current takes 2–3 weeks complete, thereby limiting the ability of care givers provide follow-on care, especially low-resource settings. We evaluated benefit implementing rapid at primary health maternity wards Mozambique. Methods findings Infants born HIV-infected mothers delivering...
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Current WHO-recommended strategies for diagnosing TB hospitalized PLHIV rely on symptom screening disease severity to assess eligibility urine lipoarabinomannan lateral flow (LF-LAM) molecular testing. Despite these recommendations, autopsy studies show a large burden undiagnosed admitted PLHIV. The EXULTANT trial aims the impact expanded strategy using three specimens (sputum, stool,...
We describe nevirapine and efavirenz exposure on off tuberculosis treatment consequences for virological efficacy tolerance in patients included the ANRS 12146/12214-CARINEMO trial.Participants were randomly selected to receive either at 200 mg twice daily (n = 256) or 600 270), both combined with two nucleoside analogues. Blood samples drawn 12 h after administration, while discontinuation. In 62 participants, taken drug administration weekly first month of ART. Sixteen participants...
The long delay in returning test results during early infant diagnosis of HIV (EID) often causes loss-to-follow-up prior to antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation resource-limited settings. A point-of-care (POC) may help overcome these challenges. We evaluated the performance LYNX p24 Antigen POC Mozambique. 879 HIV-exposed infants under 18 months age were enrolled consecutively at three primary healthcare clinics (PHC). Lancet heel-drawn blood was tested on-site by nurses using a...
We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of HIV-DNA priming using Zetajet™, a needle-free device intradermally followed by intramuscular HIV-MVA boosts, in 24 healthy Mozambicans. Volunteers were randomized to receive three immunizations 600 μg (n = 10; 2 × 0.1 ml) or 1,200 0.2 (3 mg/ml), two boosts 108 pfu HIV-MVA. Four subjects received placebo saline injections. Vaccines injections safe well tolerated with no difference between groups. After immunizations, IFN-γ ELISpot responses Gag...
Timely viral load (VL) results during pregnancy and the postpartum period are crucial for HIV disease management preventing mother-to-child transmission. Point-of-care (POC) VL testing could reduce turnaround times streamline patient management. We evaluated diagnostic performance of novel m-PIMA HIV-1/2 assay (Abbott, Chicago, IL) in Mozambique.The study was conducted prenatal consultation rooms 2 primary health care clinics. Sample collection on were performed by trained...
ABSTRACT Dried blood spot (DBS) may overestimate the viral RNA, mainly in patients with low load (VL), due to proviral DNA and intracellular RNA. The Burnett HemaSpot provide integrated solutions for collection, separation, drying of plasma from whole blood. This study aims evaluate performance both devices compared identify antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure. were separately evaluated a cross-sectional design. Patients on ART included studies (Burnett: 611, October 2019 January 2020)...
Abstract Background We assessed the impact of point-of-care (PoC) test-and-treat at birth on clinical outcomes and viral suppression among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive infants in Mozambique Tanzania. Methods This cluster-randomized trial allocated health facilities to intervention, providing PoC testing antiretroviral treatment (ART) week 4–8, or control, starting these 4–8. The primary outcome was proportions events (mortality, morbidity, retention, virological failure,...
Abstract The HIV/AIDS pandemic is primarily caused by HIV-1. Another virus type, HIV-2, found mainly in West African countries. We hypothesized that population migration and mobility Africa may have facilitated the introduction spreading of HIV-2 Mozambique. presence has important implications for diagnosis choice treatment HIV infection. Hence, aim this study was to estimate prevalence infection its genotype Maputo, HIV-infected individuals (N = 1,200) were consecutively enrolled screened...
Plasma is considered the gold standard for HIV viral load (VL) testing, however its use challenging due to need phlebotomy and centrifugation services, as well cold chain transporting laboratories testing. The of Dried Blood Spot (DBS) specimen has allowed a rapid expansion antiretroviral therapy (ART) monitoring in remote areas many African countries, however, VL DBS may overestimate copies RNA result at clinically relevant range 1000 copies/ml, proviral DNA intracellular RNA....
Abstract Introduction Viral load testing is essential to manage HIV disease, especially in infants and children. Early infant diagnosis (EID) performed using nucleic‐acid children under 18 months. Resource‐limited health systems face severe challenges scale‐up both viral EID unprecedented levels. Streamlining laboratory would be beneficial improve access quality increase efficiency of antiretroviral treatment programmes. We evaluated the performance serve as an assay younger than Methods...
Our study aimed to evaluate the stability of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) RNA on cobas plasma separation card (PSC) specimens for viral load (VL) testing after being exposed varied temperatures and storage times.For this purpose, venous PSC were collected stored at 25ºC 42ºC a period up 28 days. Plasma VL baseline was used as reference, against which compared different time points.From 30 patients included in study, 600 fresh obtained. fewer than 1,000 copies/mL 16 patients, 99.4%...
Prevention of mother to child transmission HIV (PMTCT) is frequently challenged by irregular access more effective anti-retroviral therapy. Nevirapine single dose (sdNVP), sdNVP+AZT+3TC for MTCT prophylaxis and NVP+ AZT+3TC treatment PMTCT were withdrawn due low genetic resistance barrier efficacy. However current lines in Mozambique include DTG+3TC+TDF, TDF+3TC+EFV, DTG +ABC+3TC, AZT + NVP syrup exposed babies. We assessed hair plasma concentrations association with HIV-1RNA suppression...
Novel approaches to case identification and linkage antiretroviral therapy (ART) are needed close gaps in early infant diagnosis (EID) of HIV. Point-of-care (POC) EID is a recent innovation that eliminates the long turnaround times conventional limit patient management inpatient setting. The initial deployment POC Mozambique focused primarily on outpatient clinics; however, 2 high-volume tier-4 pediatric referral hospitals were also included.To assess impact EID, retrospective review testing...
Abstract The international CIH LMU Occupational Safety and Health Symposium 2019 was held on 16th March, at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany. About 60 participants from around world representing occupational health safety professionals, students, instructors several institutions in Germany abroad, attended symposium. main objective of symposium to create awareness global challenges opportunities work-related respiratory diseases. One keynote lecture six presentations were...
may affect the quality, quantity or longevity of immune responses to RV144 vaccination.
Background In resource-limited countries, CD4 T-cell (CD4) testing continues to be used for determining antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation eligibility and opportunistic infection monitoring. To support expanded access testing, simple robust technologies are necessary. We conducted this study evaluate the performance of a new Point-of-Care (POC) technology, MyT4, compared conventional laboratory testing. Methods EDTA venous blood from 200 HIV-positive patients was tested in using MyT4 BD...
Background: We assessed the impact of point-of-care (PoC) test-and-treat at birth on clinical outcomes and viral suppression among HIV-positive infants in Mozambique Tanzania. Methods: This cluster-randomized trial allocated public health facilities to intervention, providing PoC-early infant diagnosis antiretroviral treatment from birth, or control, starting these 4-8 weeks. The primary outcome was proportions events (mortality, morbidity, retention) 18 months. also estimated hazard ratios...