A5006518173- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Laser Design and Applications
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Connective tissue disorders research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Queen's University Belfast
2015-2024
LabCorp (United States)
2024
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
2024
University of Manchester
2024
Human Genome Sciences (United States)
2019-2023
University of East Anglia
2023
University of Glasgow
2021
Florence (Netherlands)
2019
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics
2017
Charles University
2017
We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effects of oral cyclophosphamide on lung function and health-related symptoms in patients with evidence active alveolitis scleroderma-related interstitial disease.At 13 clinical centers throughout United States, we enrolled 158 scleroderma, restrictive physiology, dyspnea, inflammatory disease examination bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid, thoracic high-resolution computed tomography, or both. Patients received (<...
Ritonavir (Kempf, D. J.; Marsh, K. C., Denissen, J. F.; McDonald, E.; Vasavanonda, S.; Flentge, C. A.; Green, B. Fino, L.; Park, H.; Kong, X. P.; Wideburg, N. Saldivar, Ruitz, Kati, W. M.; Sham, H. Robins, T.; Stewart, D.; Hsu, Plattner, Leonard, Norbeck, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1995, 92, 2484) is Abbott's novel protease inhibitor, for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative organism of acquired syndrome (AIDS). It marketed as Norvir. From discovery ritonavir until new drug...
The Scleroderma Lung Study enrolled 158 patients with scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease in a placebo-controlled trial of oral cyclophosphamide (CYC). Although treatment-related benefits pulmonary function, skin scores, and patient-centered outcomes were demonstrated after 1 year therapy, the duration benefit beyond was unclear.A second follow-up performed to determine if these effects persisted stopping treatment.A detailed analysis data obtained over two years study...
To define a mechanism by which retinoblastoma protein (Rb) functions in cellular differentiation, we studied primary fibroblasts from the lung buds of wild-type (RB+/+) and null-mutant (RB-/-) mouse embryos. In culture, RB+/+ differentiated into fat-storing cells, either spontaneously or response to hormonal induction; otherwise syngenic RB-/- cultured identical conditions did not. Ectopic expression normal Rb, but not Rb with single point mutation, enabled differentiate adipocytes. appears...
The biological function of the retinoblastoma protein (RB) in cell division cycle has been extensively documented, but its apparent role differentiation remains largely unexplored. To investigate how RB is involved differentiation, U937 large-cell lymphoma line was induced to differentiate along a monocyte/macrophage lineage. During found interact directly through simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (T antigen)-binding domain with NF-IL6, member CAAT/enhancer-binding (C/EBP) family...
Rationale: The presence of inflammatory cells on bronchoalveolar lavage is often used to predict disease activity and the need for therapy in systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease.Objectives: To evaluate whether cellularity identifies distinct subsets and/or predicts cyclophosphamide responsiveness.Methods: Patients underwent baseline high-resolution computed tomography as part a randomized placebo-controlled trial versus placebo (Scleroderma Lung Study) determine effect...
Tracking primary radiation-induced processes in matter requires ultrafast sources and high precision timing. While compact laser-driven ion accelerators are seeding the development of novel instantaneous flux applications, combining ultrashort laser pulse durations with their inherent synchronicity to trace real-time evolution initial damage events has yet be realized. Here we report on absolute measurement proton bursts as short 3.5±0.7 ps from solid target interactions for this purpose....
To assess the reliability and minimal clinically important differences (MCID) for FVC% predicted in Scleroderma Lung Study I II.
Design-Make-Test-Analyse (DMTA) is the discovery cycle through which molecules are designed, synthesised, and assayed to produce data that in turn analysed inform next iteration. The process repeated until viable drug candidates identified, often requiring many cycles before reaching a sweet spot. advent of artificial intelligence (AI) cloud computing presents an opportunity innovate reduce number needed yield candidate. Here, we present Predictive Insight Platform (PIP), cloud-native...
The construction of short-pulse tunable soft x-ray free electron laser sources based on the self-amplified spontaneous emission process will provide a major advance in capability for dense plasma-related and warm matter (WDM) research. 1013 photons 200-fs duration pulse that is from approximately 6 to 100 nm. Here we discuss only two many applications made possible WDM has been severely hampered by fact laser-based methods have unavailable because visible light not propagate at densities...
We evaluated the processes controlling accumulation of collagen and elastin in main pulmonary arteries rats during an episode hypoxic hypertension. Explant cultures were incubated with [3H]proline to measure protein synthesis percent synthesis. Elastin was measured by [14C]valine incorporation into insoluble elastin. Relative increased twofold (from 1.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(3) 2.0 1.0 disintegrations per minute [14C]hydroxyproline/vessel/hr/mg protein), relative doubled 2% 4-5% total synthesis),...
Abstract Damage to interstitial connective tissue is associated with the rapid accumulation of monocytes and neutrophils at site injury. To study role collagen fragments in neutrophil migration, we analyzed chemotactic properties peptide bovine digested bacterial collagenase or cyanogen bromide small molecular weight synthetic polypeptides containing proline (Pro), hydroxyproline (Hyp), glycine (Gly), major amino acids that comprise collagen. Using Boyden chamber under agarose techniques,...
Physiologic stimuli of connective tissue accumulation in pulmonary vascular remodeling are poorly defined. We postulated that increased pressure within central arteries is a stimulus for synthesis and the response dependent on an intact endothelium. Mechanical tension equivalent to 50 mmHg was applied 4 h isolated rat main (endothelium or removed), incorporation [14C]proline into collagen, [14C]valine elastin, [3H]thymidine DNA pro alpha 1 (I) collagen mRNA levels were measured. In vessels,...
Laser-produced proton beams have been used to achieve ultrafast volumetric heating of carbon samples at solid density. The isochoric melting was probed by a scattering x rays from secondary laser-produced plasma. From the signal, we deduced fraction material that melted inhomogeneous heating. results are compared different theoretical approaches for equation state which suggests modifications standard models.
A viable electrochemical solution to lead-based hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites photovoltaic material recycling is demonstrated.
To investigate the relationship between Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6) and CCL18 levels severity progression of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD).Patients enrolled in Scleroderma Lung Study II (cyclophosphamide [CYC] versus mycophenolate mofetil [MMF]) were included. Baseline 12-month plasma samples analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess KL-6 levels. The forced vital capacity (FVC) diffusing for carbon monoxide (DLco) measured every 3 months....
We demonstrate two approaches that use the recently developed helium spin-echo technique to measure surface potential energy landscapes. For helium-lithium fluoride (100), we selective adsorption phenomenon obtain complete experimental band structure of atoms in a corrugated potential. carbon monoxide-copper (001), diffusion-induced broadening scattered beam and extract properties adsorbate-substrate The measurements are made possible by resolution our new spectrometer, which improves on...
Increased vascular collagen content is a major feature of pulmonary remodeling. The functional role excess in decreasing compliance has not been established. We determined whether there was correlation between hydroxyproline rat artery segments and elastance (EPA) the bed during development hypoxic hypertension (10% O2, 10 d) normoxic recovery. EPA measured by air-filled pressure-volume curves. After d hypoxia, increased approximately 2-fold large (1,200-250 microns diameter) but...
We report measurements of x-ray scattering cross sections for dense plasmas created by subjecting aluminum foils to strong laser-driven shocks. A narrow cone quasimonochromatic x-rays at approximately 4.75 keV was used probe the shocked part foil and scattered photons were detected with a CCD camera. The section shows clear peak, indicating diffraction from plasma. Analysis simulation data suggest that radiative heating electron-ion energy exchange are important factors in plasma production.
By use of high intensity XUV radiation from the FLASH free-electron laser at DESY, we have created highly excited exotic states matter in solid-density aluminum samples. The is sufficiently to excite an inner-shell electron a large fraction atoms focal region. We show that soft-x-ray emission spectroscopy measurements reveal electronic temperature and density this system immediately after excitation pulse, with detailed calculations structure, based on finite-temperature functional theory,...
The construction of short pulse (<200 fs) tunable X-ray laser sources based on the free electron (XFEL) concept will be a watershed for plasma-based and warm dense matter research. These new fourth generation light have extremely high fields wavelengths (∼0.1 nm) with peak spectral brightnesses 10 greater than third sources. Further, intensity upgrade GSI accelerator facilities lead to specific energy depositions up 200 kJ/g temperatures between 1 eV at almost solid-state densities,...
Emphysema is produced by severe food restriction in rats and postulated to result from depletion of lung connective tissue. We studied (1) whether total dietary protein worsens nutritional emphysema, (2) the reduced content tissue emphysema results lack accumulation caused impaired growth or a net loss lung. Lewis weighing 200 g were restricted one third intake with without for 6 wk. Lungs assessed morphometry, pressure-volume (P-V) measurements, collagen elastin. was found morphometry (but...