A5028749508- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Gene expression and cancer classification
Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology
2015-2024
Weatherford College
2021
University of Stuttgart
2016-2017
Fraunhofer Society
2006-2015
Heidelberg University
1996-2000
Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
1998
European Molecular Biology Laboratory
1998
Bloodstream infections remain one of the major challenges in intensive care units, leading to sepsis or even septic shock many cases. Due lack timely diagnostic approaches with sufficient sensitivity, mortality rates are still unacceptably high. However a prompt diagnosis causative microorganism is critical significantly improve outcome bloodstream infections. Although various targeted molecular tests for blood samples available, time-consuming culture-based represent standard identification...
In order to quantify autoantibodies in the sera of patients with autoimmune disease, we have created a microarray-based immunoassay that allows simultaneous analysis 18 known autoantigens. The microarrays contain serial dilutions various antigens, thereby allowing accurate determination autoantibody titer using minimal amounts serum. assay is very sensitive and highly specific: as little 40 fg protein standard can be detected or no cross-reactivity nonspecific proteins. signal intensities...
Formation of non-clathrin-coated vesicles requires the recruitment several cytosolic factors to Golgi membrane. To identify membrane proteins involved in this budding process, a highly abundant type I transmembrane protein (p23) was isolated from mammalian Golgi-derived COPI-coated vesicles, and its cDNA cloned sequenced. It belongs p24 family transport (Stamnes, M.A., M.W. Craighead, M.H. Hoe, N. Lampen, S. Geromanos, P. Tempst, J.E. Rothman. 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:8011-8015)....
A novel innovative approach towards a marketable lab-on-chip system for point-of-care in vitro diagnostics is reported. In consortium of seven Fraunhofer Institutes called "Fraunhofer ivD-platform" has been established which opens up the possibility an on-site analysis at low costs. The features high degree modularity and integration. Modularity allows adaption common assay types various formats. Integration lets move from laboratory to point-of-need. By making use microarray format also...
Culture-based diagnostics represent the standard of care in septic patients, but are highly insensitive and many cases unspecific. We recently demonstrated general feasibility next-generation sequencing-based using free circulating nucleic acids (cell-free DNA) plasma samples patients. Within presented investigation, higher performance was validated by comparison to matched blood cultures.A secondary analysis a prospective, observational, single-center study.Surgical ICU university hospital...
The increasing incidence of bloodstream infections including sepsis is a major challenge in intensive care units worldwide. However, current diagnostics for pathogen identification mainly depend on culture- and molecular-based approaches, which are not satisfactory regarding specificity, sensitivity, time to diagnosis. Herein, we established complete diagnostic workflow real-time high-throughput sequencing cell-free DNA from plasma based nanopore the detection causative agents, was applied...
Summary Cell wall dynamics in Candida albicans , the most common fungal pathogen man, underlie regulatory processes during yeast‐to‐hyphae transition. To analyse this regulation at transcriptional level, we have established a DNA microarray representing genes implicated cell biogenesis. Using these microarrays, were able to identify YWP1 and HWP2 that are specifically transcribed yeast or hyphal growth form respectively. Cluster analysis revealed least two major clusters of genes: cluster I...
A cholera toxin mutant (CTX–K63) unable to raise cAMP levels was used study in Vero cells the retrograde transport of subunit (CTX-A–K63), which possesses a COOH-terminal KDEL retrieval signal. Microinjected GTP-γ-S inhibits internalization as well Golgi–ER CTX-A–K63. The appearance CTX-A–K63 Golgi induces marked dispersion Erd2p and p53 but not marker giantin. is translocated under these conditions most likely intermediate compartment indicated by an increased colocalization with mSEC13,...
Abstract Background Nucleosome repositioning in cancer is believed to cause many changes genome organisation and gene expression. Understanding these important elucidate fundamental aspects of cancer. It also for medical diagnostics based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which originates from genomic regions protected digestion by nucleosomes. Results We have generated high-resolution nucleosome maps paired tumour normal tissues the same breast patients using MNase-assisted histone H3 ChIP-seq...
Fungi are of increasing importance in sepsis. However, culture-based diagnostic procedures associated with relevant weaknesses. Therefore, culture- and next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based fungal findings as well corresponding plasma levels β-d-glucan, interferon gamma (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -6, -10, -17A, mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) were evaluated 50 septic patients at six consecutive time points within 28 days after sepsis...
Sepsis remains a major challenge, even in modern intensive care medicine. The identification of the causative pathogen is crucial for an early optimization antimicrobial treatment regime. In this context, culture-based diagnostic procedures (e.g., blood cultures) represent standard care, although they are associated with relevant limitations. Accordingly, culture-independent molecular might be help infected patients. concept unbiased sequence analysis circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from...
Neutrophils are traditionally considered transcriptionally inactive. Compared to other immune cells, little is known about their transcriptional profile during interaction with pathogens. We analyzed the meta-transcriptome of neutrophil-Candida albicans interplay and transcriptome C. challenged neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by RNA-Seq, considering yeast hypha individually in each approach. The response hyphae was dominated a morphotype-independent core response. However, 11 % all...
Candida albicans is an inhabitant of mucosal surfaces in healthy individuals but also the most common cause fungal nosocomial blood stream infections, associated with high morbidity and mortality. As such life-threatening infections often disseminate from superficial we aimed to study use probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) prevention C. infections. Here, demonstrate that LGG protects oral epithelial tissue damage caused by our vitro model candidiasis. Furthermore, provide insights...
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a global health issue with an increasing incidence. Although the pathogenesis of IBDs has been investigated intensively, etiology remains enigmatic. Here, we report that interleukin-3 (Il-3)-deficient mice more susceptible and exhibit increased intestinal inflammation during early stage experimental colitis. IL-3 is locally expressed in colon by cells harboring mesenchymal stem cell phenotype protects promoting recruitment splenic neutrophils high...
Background Liquid biopsy based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is an established approach in clinical diagnostics. In recent years, a fraction of cfDNA comprising short fragments has been discovered, that enriched at gene promoters and binding sites DNA-binding proteins. However, the diagnostic potential such double-stranded (footprint DNA) remains to be fully explored. Therefore, we characterized utility footprint septic patients. Methods We for size selection subsequent high-throughput sequencing...
Objectives. Despite limited sensitivity and specificity, blood cultures (BCs) still represent the gold standard of diagnostic care in septic patients. We aimed to overcome current limitations by unbiased next-generation sequencing (NGS) circulating microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) plasma samples. Methods. performed a prospective, observational, non-interventional, multicenter study (Next GeneSiS-Trial) compare positivity rates for NGS-based identification causative pathogens with BCs...
To identify cell surface proteins of Candida albicans , the predominant fungal pathogen in humans, we have established an approach using a membrane impermeable biotin derivative combination with affinity purification. We were able to 29 different under two distinct conditions. Among mannoproteins, heat shock and glycolytic enzymes found thiol‐specific antioxidant‐like protein 1 (Tsa1p) be differentially localized depending on conditions applied. Only hyphally grown cells Tsa1p was whereas...
COPI‐coated vesicles that bud off the Golgi complex contain two major transmembrane proteins, p23 and p24. We have localized protein at vesicles. Transport from intermediate compartment (IC) to can be blocked 15°C, under these conditions p24 accumulates in peripheral punctated structures identified as IC. Release temperature block leads a redistribution of Golgi, showing p24, similar p23, cycles between IC complex. Immunoprecipitations cell lysates detergent‐solubilized membranes show...
Summary Candida albicans is one of the most common fungal pathogens in humans. The cell wall first contact site between host and pathogen thus critical for colonization infection host. We have identified Tsa1p, a protein that differentially localized to C. hyphal cells but remains cytosol nucleus yeast‐form cells. This different from Saccharomyces cerevisiae , where homologous solely has been found cytoplasm. report here TSA1 confers resistance towards oxidative stress as well involved...
A novel type I transmembrane protein of COPI-coated vesicles, p23, has been demonstrated to be localized mainly the Golgi complex. This and p24, another member p24 family, have shown bind coatomer via their short cytoplasmic tails. Here we demonstrate that p23 continuously cycles through early secretory pathway. The tail is act as a functional retrieval signal it confers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) residence CD8–p23 fusion protein. ER localization is, at least in part, result from post-ER...
ABSTRACT Pseudozyma aphidis is an efficient producer of mannosylerythritol lipids exceeding concentrations >100 g/liter from renewable feed stocks. Additionally, a biosurfactant cellobiose lipid also secreted during nitrogen limitation. Here, we describe the sequencing P. to unravel genomic basis metabolism in .
The fungal pathogen Candida albicans colonizes basically all human epithelial surfaces, including the skin. Under certain conditions, such as immunosuppression, invasion of epithelia occurs. Not much is known about defense mechanisms against C. in subepithelial layers dermis. Using immune cell-supplemented 3D skin models we defined a new role for fibroblasts dermis and identified minimal set cell types protection invasion. Dual RNA sequencing individual host populations revealed that dermal...
Coatomer, the coat protein complex of COPI vesicles, is involved in budding these but underlying mechanism unknown. Toward a better understanding this process, interaction between coatomer and cytoplasmic domain major transmembrane p23, was studied. Interaction with peptide results conformational change polymerization vitro . This changed conformation also observed vivo , i.e., on surface authentic, isolated vesicles. An average four peptides found associated one after polymerization. Based...