A5083737042- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Sex work and related issues
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Focus Groups and Qualitative Methods
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
Boston University
2022-2025
Massachusetts General Hospital
2019-2023
Harvard University
2020-2023
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased among people with HIV (PWH), but little known regarding the prevalence and extent of coronary artery (CAD) associated biological factors in PWH low to moderate traditional CVD risk.To determine unique assess CAD by computed tomography angiography (CTA) critical pathways arterial inflammation immune activation.This cohort study male female PWH, aged 40 75 years, without CVD, receiving stable antiretroviral therapy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular...
Background: In 2019, South Africa’s Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Treatment Guidelines replaced efavirenz with dolutegravir in first-line ART. Setting: We assessed the impact of this national guideline change on retention and viral suppression Themba Lethu Clinical Cohort, Johannesburg, Africa. applied a regression discontinuity design prospective cohort study 1654 adults living HIV initiating ART within 12 months (±12 months) change. Methods: compared outcomes individuals presenting just...
In addition to traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, antiretroviral therapy, lifestyle, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related factors may contribute future CV events in persons with HIV (PWH).Among participants the global REPRIEVE randomized trial, we characterized demographics characteristics relative ACC/AHA pooled cohort equations (PCE) for atherosclerotic disease predicted health evaluated by Life's Simple 7 (LS7; includes smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass...
Abstract Background Emerging data demonstrate that the use of integrase inhibitor (INSTI)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) is associated with increased weight, but cardiometabolic health consequences weight remains poorly understood. Methods This analysis examined INSTI (>6 months) at entry among REPRIEVE participants enrolled in High Income and Latin America/Caribbean Global Burden Disease regions. Primary analyses used linear logistic regression; secondary quantile regression to...
Background: Hepatic steatosis, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is common among people with HIV (PWH). We present baseline steatosis prevalence and cardiometabolic characteristics REPRIEVE substudy participants. Methods: an international, primary cardiovascular prevention, randomized, controlled trial of pitavastatin calcium vs. placebo 7,769 PWH ages 40–75 years on antiretroviral therapy (ART) low-to-moderate risk. A subset participants underwent non-contrast computed...
Abstract Background/Objectives Individuals with HIV are susceptible to visceral fat accumulation, which confers an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. Advanced software ascertain content from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has not been validated among this population. We sought compare DXA computed tomography (CT) in the measurement cross-sectional area (VAT) and non-HIV using Bland–Altman analyses. Subjects/Methods Data were combined five previously conducted studies...
Abstract Over 2-years of follow-up, integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-use was associated with weight gain among those on an INSTI <2 years at entry (+0.27 kg/m2/year; 95% confidence interval [CI], .22 to .33 vs +0.17 CI, .12 .23; P = .01), but not >2 years.
Abstract Background Among antiretroviral therapy (ART)–treated people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), persistent systemic immune activation contributes to atherogenesis atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, and mortality. Factors associated key indices have not previously been characterized among a global primary CVD prevention cohort of PWH. Methods Leveraging baseline Randomized Trial Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) data, we evaluated factors soluble CD14...
Background: The Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) is a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, designed test whether statin medication can prevent cardiovascular disease people with HIV. REPRIEVE recently completed enrollment of 7557 participants at over 100 clinical sites globally. Participant groups focus were women, and racial ethnic minorities.Objective: To describe recruitment methods strategies developed by the Clinical Coordinating Center (CCC)...
To characterize diet quality across a global cohort of people with HIV (PWH).
Abstract Background Patterns of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and immunologic correlates vary globally, contemporary trends are not well described. Methods The REPRIEVE trial (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) enrolled persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who were aged 40–75 years, receiving ART, had low-to-moderate cardiovascular disease risk. ART was summarized within Global Burden Disease (GBD) super-regions, adjusted linear logistic regression analyses...
Abstract Because persons who identify across the transgender spectrum (PATS) are a key population in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) yet underreported HIV and cardiovascular research, we aimed to characterize this within REPRIEVE global clinical trial (n = 7770). Acceptance of gathering gender identity was high (96%). Participation by PATS 1.7% overall, 2.4% among natal males, 0.3% females, varied geographic regions (from 0% sub-Saharan Africa 2.3% High Income Region). Thirty percent male...
REPRIEVE, the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV, is a multicenter, primary prevention trial evaluating whether statin can prevent major cardiovascular events people with HIV. REPRIEVE conducted at >100 clinical research sites (CRSs) globally. Detailed, comprehensive, and novel methods for communicating CRS performance are required ensure integrity data quality. In this analysis we describe comprehensive multidimensional methodology performance. The Data Coordinating Clinical...
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a substantial global health challenge, with marked rise in associated mortality. However, it often goes undetected until advanced stages, particularly low-income and middle-income countries such South Africa. We investigated the prevalence progression of CKD Africa, utilising subset data from National Health Laboratory Services Multi-morbidity Cohort. Methods This study was retrospective analysis adults aged 18–85 years who underwent...
Diabetes is a major global health issue. We evaluated compliance to laboratory-based management guidelines for diabetes (type 1 and 2), essential effective treatment reducing diabetes-related morbidity mortality. Our study utilized South Africa’s National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) data, focusing on patients from birth age 80 years who underwent initial laboratory testing between January 1, 2012-January 2016. Patients were categorized into type (<30 years) or 2 (≥30–80 based at...
Background: We previously published a systematic review evaluating retention in care after antiretroviral therapy treatment initiation among adults low- and middle-income countries. estimated at 36 months to be 74% for studies from 2008-2013. This evaluates the implementation of Universal Test Treat 2015. Methods: searched PubMed, ISI Web Science, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, EMBASE between January 1, 2017, December 31, 2023 conference abstract repositories AIDS, IAS, CROI...
This short communication demonstrates how conducting a focus group with members of proposed study population interest can help inform the suitability interventions and appeal recruitment strategies prior to commencement. People living HIV (PLWH) were recruited participate in elicit feedback on content design an online survey sweetener knowledge consumption; usability which was ultimately launched nationally. Ten participants (age 55 years, 60% male, 70% non-Caucasian, income < $25,000)...
Abstract Prior studies in people living with HIV (PLWH) suggest added sweetener intake exceeds recommendations and associates cardiometabolic abnormalities. Little is known of factors that associate increased consumption PLWH. This cross-sectional study explored knowledge sweeteners associations social determinants health (SDoH) among 900 PLWH residing the United States. Demographics, SDoH, were assessed via an online survey, multivariable analyses completed. Results demonstrate sex, race,...
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a substantial global health challenge, with marked rise in associated mortality. However, it often goes undetected until advanced stages, particularly low- and middle-income countries like South Africa. We investigated the prevalence progression of CKD Africa, utilizing data from National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) Multi-morbidity Cohort. Methods: enrolled adult patients aged 18-85 years who underwent initial creatinine...
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major global health issue. We evaluated compliance to laboratory-based management guidelines for diabetes (type 1 and 2), essential effective treatment reducing diabetes-related morbidity mortality.Methods: Our study utilized South Africa's National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) data, focusing on patients from birth age 80 years who underwent initial laboratory testing between January 1, 2012-January 2016. Patients were categorized into type (<30 years)...