A5048000124- Malaria Research and Control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Global Health and Surgery
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Transportation Planning and Optimization
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2015-2024
Maseno University
2021
Ministry of Health
2007
University Medical Center Utrecht
2007
Tufts University
2006
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1997-2003
National Center for Infectious Diseases
2003
Erasmus MC
1998
Abstract Kenya is intensifying its national efforts in malaria control to achieve elimination. Detailed characterization of infection among populations living the areas where disease endemic a crucial priority, especially for planning and evaluating future elimination strategy. This study aimed investigate distribution extent on islands Lake Victoria aid designing new interventions Five cross-sectional surveys were conducted between January 2012 August 2014 four (Mfangano, Takawiri, Kibuogi...
Severe malarial anemia (SMA) is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, yet its contribution to malaria-specific not well documented. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records 1,116 children < 5 years age admitted Siaya district hospital, western Kenya, assess SMA overall in-hospital mortality. Of admissions, 86% were under 3 years, 83% had malaria parasitemia, anemic, 21% severely 20% transfused. was associated with parasitemia...
This open-label, randomized study evaluated efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) in treatment uncomplicated falciparum malaria children below five years age, to build evidence on use AL as first-line DP second-line Kenya. A total 454 aged six 59 months with were (1:1) receive dispersible or paediatric tablets followed up for 42 days. Primary variable was corrected adequate clinical parasitological response (ACPR) rate day 28. Secondary...
Unlike praziquantel, artemisinin derivatives are effective against juvenile schistosome worms. We assessed the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose artesunate plus sulfalene-pyrimethamine versus praziquantel in treatment Schistosoma mansoni. Seventy-three schoolchildren (aged 9-15 years) with confirmed S. mansoni infection Rarieda, western Kenya, were randomly assigned to receive either (n = 39) or 34). The cure egg reduction rates at 4 weeks posttreatment 69.4% (25/36) 80.6% (25/31) (P...
At the time of writing, it is unclear how COVID-19 pandemic will play out in rapidly urbanising regions world. In these regions, realities large overcrowded informal settlements, a high burden infectious and non-communicable diseases, as well malnutrition precarity livelihoods, have raised added concerns about potential impact contexts. infection control measures been shown to some effects slowing down progress pandemic, effectively buying prepare healthcare system. However, there has less...
In spite of increasing resistance, chloroquine remains the primary drug for treatment malaria in most sub-Saharan African countries. We evaluated effect policy on case-fatality rates children, adjusting differing distributions and severe anemia. 1991, 63% children were treated with while remaining 37% a regimen that would eliminate clear parasitemia. Case-fatality 13% 4.1%, respectively; proportion deaths attributable to was 69%. The trend decreased as an received effective regimen; adjusted...
The altered immune response of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could result in increased rates antimalarial treatment failure. We investigated the influence HIV on to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment.Febrile adults Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia were treated and monitored for 28 days. status CD4 cell count determined at study enrollment.Of enrolled study, 508 attended all follow-up visits, including 130 HIV-uninfected adults, 256 HIV-infected a high (> or =200...
Half a million women die annually from pregnancy related causes. In Kenya, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) remains high in spite of great efforts to improve health care. We studied some factors linked maternity rural community setting. A survey was conducted the living Madiany division Siaya County, Kenya. randomly sampled 403 mothers children under three years old. Variables interest were antenatal care attendance (ANC), parity, distance facility and empowerment (autonomy). Nearly 94% had at...
Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant health problem among adults and children globally, resulting in decreased quality of life increased costs healthcare. For optimal clinical care, primary care physicians should be familiar with OSA confident their ability to screen, diagnose, manage this condition.Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa regarding children.Methods: We conducted multicenter cross-sectional survey Kenya...
Plasmodium falciparum has developed resistance to almost all routinely used antimalarial drugs. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) replaced chloroquine as first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria infection in Kenya but SP is already reported. The addition artemisinin derivatives may delay the development drug resistance, improve cure rates, and reduce transmission. efficacy safety artesunate plus P. was evaluated a randomized trial 600 children at Siaya District Hospital, western between...
To assess prevalence and occupational risk factors of latent TB infection history disease ascribed to work in a healthcare setting western Kenya.We conducted cross-sectional survey among workers Kenya 2013. They were recruited from dispensaries, health centres hospitals that offer both HIV services. School the facilities' catchment communities randomly selected serve as community comparison group. Latent was diagnosed by tuberculin skin testing. status participants assessed. Using logistic...
Artemether/lumefantrine (AL) has been adopted as the treatment of choice for uncomplicated malaria in Kenya and other countries region. Six-dose artemether/lumefantrine tablets are highly effective safe infants children weighing between five 25 kg with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, oral paediatric formulations urgently needed, difficult to administer young children, who cannot swallow whole or tolerate bitter taste crushed tablets. A randomized, controlled, open-label trial was...
In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended blocking transmission of Plasmodium falciparum with single low-dose primaquine (SLDPQ, target dose 0.25 mg base/kg body weight), without testing for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd), when treating patients uncomplicated malaria. We sought to develop an age-based SLDPQ regimen that would be suitable sub-Saharan Africa. Using data on anti-infectivity efficacy and tolerability (PQ), epidemiology anaemia, risks PQ-induced...
Contamination of foods by aflatoxins is a global health problem in both developed and developing countries. Exposure to the toxin s associated with range effects on including stunting children. Commodities at high risk aflatoxin contamination include cereals, legumes, milk, fish meats. Children are more vulnerable exposure compared adults. Being genotoxic , levels should be kept as low possible, given that there no known threshold which they may pose . This study investigated potential young...
Understanding urban travel behaviour is crucial for planning healthy and sustainable cities. Africa urbanising at one of the fastest rates in world urgently needs this knowledge. However, data literature on behaviour, their correlates, variation across African cities are limited. We aimed to describe compare characteristics correlates two Kenyan (Nairobi Kisumu). analysed from 16,793 participants (10,000 households) a 2013 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) household survey...