A5014831570- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Anatomy and Medical Technology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Augmented Reality Applications
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
Boston University
2019-2023
University of British Columbia
2022
Boston Medical Center
2021
University of the Witwatersrand
2021
Stellenbosch University
2021
Brown University
2021
South African Medical Research Council
2021
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
2020
The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked unprecedented public health and social measures (PHSM) by national local governments, including border restrictions, school closures, mandatory facemask use stay at home orders. Quantifying the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing disease transmission is key to rational policy making response current future pandemics. In order estimate interventions, detailed descriptions their timelines, scale scope are needed. Health Intervention Tracking for...
Abstract Background Estimating infectious disease parameters such as the serial interval (time between symptom onset in primary and secondary cases) reproductive number (average of cases produced by a case) are important understanding dynamics. Many estimation methods require linking direct transmission, difficult task for most diseases. Methods Using subset with detailed genetic and/or contact investigation data to develop training set probable transmission events, we build model estimate...
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading infectious disease killer globally. Treatment outcomes are especially poor among people with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB, until recently defined as rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB resistance to an aminoglycoside (amikacin) and fluoroquinolone (ofloxacin). We used laboratory test results from Western Cape province, South Africa between 2012 2015 identify XDR-TB pre-XDR-TB (RR-TB one second-line drug) spatial hotspots. mapped the percentage...
An estimated 40% of people who developed TB in 2021 were not diagnosed or treated. Pre-chemotherapy era data are a rich resource on survival with untreated TB. We aimed to identify heterogeneities these inform their more precise use.
ABSTRACT Background Estimating infectious disease parameters such as the serial interval (time between symptom onset in primary and secondary cases) reproductive number (average of cases produced by a case) are important to understand dynamics. Many estimation methods require linking direct transmission, difficult task for most diseases. Methods Using subset with detailed genetic or contact investigation data develop training set probable transmission events, we build model estimate relative...
Introduction: Advance planning of vaccine trials conducted during outbreaks increases our ability to rapidly define the efficacy and potential impact a vaccine. Vaccine against infectiousness (VE I ) is an important measure for understanding vaccine’s full impact, yet it currently not identifiable in many trial designs because requires knowledge infectors’ vaccination status. Recent advances genomics have improved reconstruct transmission networks. We aim assess if augmenting with pathogen...
<sec id="st1"><title>BACKGROUND</title>There is substantial heterogeneity in disease presentation for individuals with TB disease, which may correlate outcomes. We estimated outcomes by severity at among during the pre-chemotherapy era.</sec><sec id="st2"><title>METHODS</title>We extracted data on people enrolled between 1917 and 1948 USA, stratified three categories using U.S. National Tuberculosis Association diagnostic criteria. These criteria...
Abstract Introduction: Advance planning of the design and analysis vaccine trials conducted during infectious disease outbreaks increases our ability to rapidly define efficacy potential impact a inform public health response. Vaccine against infectiousness (VE I ) is an important measure for understanding full vaccine, yet it currently not identifiable in many trial designs because requires knowledge vaccination status infectors. Recent advances pathogen genomics have improved accurately...
Summary The generation interval (the time between infection of primary and secondary cases) its often used proxy, the serial symptom onset are critical parameters in understanding infectious disease dynamics. Because it is difficult to determine who infected whom, these important outbreak characteristics not well understood for many diseases. We present a novel method estimating transmission intervals using surveillance or investigation data that, unlike existing methods, does require...
Background: To stop tuberculosis (TB), the leading infectious cause of death globally, we need to better understand transmission risk factors. Although many studies have identified associations between individual-level covariates and pathogen genetic relatedness, few characteristics pairs or explored how closely associated with relatedness mirror those transmission. Methods: We simulated a TB-like outbreak data estimated odds ratios (ORs) correlate each covariate relatedness. used naive...
Gamification in medical education involves integrating game principles-including mechanics, design, or experiences-into a learning context. Game-based approaches higher have been shown to improve student engagement, motivation, and performance when applied effectively. Many students report feeling overwhelmed by the complexity content-heavy nature of anatomy, making it an ideal subject for gamification. In this project, we developed designed educational anatomy card intended students....
ABSTRACT Background An estimated 40% of people who developed tuberculosis in 2021 were not diagnosed or treated. Pre-chemotherapy era data are a rich resource on survival for with untreated TB. We aimed to identify heterogeneities these inform more precise use them. Methods extracted from pre-chemotherapy papers reporting TB specific mortality and/or natural recovery data. used Bayesian parametric analysis model the distribution, stratifying by geography (North America versus Europe), time...