A5011322069- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Gut microbiota and health
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Mental Health Research Topics
Auckland City Hospital
2025
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2010-2023
Southwestern Medical Center
2017-2023
Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation
2020
University of Miami
2020
Virginia Commonwealth University
2016-2018
Duke Medical Center
2017
King's College London
2006-2012
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
1994
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
1981
The hormone ghrelin stimulates eating and helps maintain blood glucose upon caloric restriction. While previous studies have demonstrated that hypothalamic arcuate AgRP neurons are targets of ghrelin, the overall relevance signaling within intact is unclear. Here, we tested functional significance action on using a new, tamoxifen-inducible AgRP-CreER(T2) transgenic mouse model allows spatiotemporally-controlled re-expression physiological levels receptors (GHSRs) specifically in adult...
Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Objective: Microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to major depressive disorder, but the mechanisms whereby microbiota modulates mood remain poorly understood. The authors tested whether specific changes in microbiome modulate depressive-like behaviors. Methods: Stools from learned helpless, non–learned and non-shocked mice were analyzed by V4 16S RNA sequencing identify gut bacteria associated with helplessness quantify level of quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2). T cells flow...
The efficacy of vitamin C for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is uncertain.
Anorexia nervosa and bulimia are common severe eating disorders (EDs) of unknown etiology. Although genetic factors have been implicated in the psychopathology EDs, a clear biological pathway has not delineated. DNA from two large families affected by EDs was collected, mutations segregating with illness were identified whole-genome sequencing following linkage mapping or whole-exome sequencing. In first family, analysis twenty members across three generations rare missense mutation...
Abstract Background Nutrition interventions commenced in ICU and continued through to hospital discharge have not been definitively tested critical care date. To commence a program of research, we aimed determine if tailored nutrition intervention delivered for the duration hospitalisation delivers more energy than usual patients initially admitted Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods A multicentre, unblinded, parallel-group, phase II trial was conducted twenty-two hospitals Australia New...
Inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase (DGL)β prevents LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Thus, the present study tested whether DGLβ inhibition reverses allodynic mice LPS model inflammatory pain, as well neuropathic pain models.Initial experiments examined cellular expression and mediators within LPS-injected paw pad. DAGL-β (-/-) or wild-type treated with inhibitor KT109 were assessed pain. Additional studies locus action for KT109-induced...
The ABCB1-type multidrug resistance efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been hypothesized to regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity by limiting the access of glucocorticoids brain. In vivo systemic administration studies using P-gp-deficient mice have shown increased glucocorticoid entry brain compared with wild-type controls. However, these did not control for presence radiolabeled drug in capillaries, verify an intact blood-brain barrier, or confirm stability used....
Proper functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis depends on ability glucocorticoids (GCs), mainly cortisol in humans and corticosterone rodents, to access brain targets regulate their own secretion. Being highly lipophilic, GCs have been assumed passively diffuse through cell membrane. However, these may be a more complicated process, because free movement molecules into central nervous system (CNS) is restricted by presence blood-brain blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. do...
Compulsive behavior is a debilitating clinical feature of many forms neuropsychiatric disease, including Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, eating and autism. Although several studies link striatal dysfunction to compulsivity, the pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we show that both constitutive induced genetic deletion gene encoding melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), as well pharmacologic inhibition MC4R signaling, normalize compulsive grooming...
Loss of BDNF-TrkB signaling results in obesity both humans and mice; however, the neural circuit that mediates this effect is unknown. The role TrkB dopamine-1 receptor expressing neurons body weight regulation was tested.Mice with a floxed allele gene were paired mice Cre-recombinase under control D1 promoter to conditionally knock out expression receptors from D1-neurons.Deletion chow fed due increased feed efficiency. In contrast, loss Trk B induced hyperphagia hyperglycemia maintained on...