A5036257252- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Digestive system and related health
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Plant-based Medicinal Research
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
2021-2025
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
2015-2022
Michigan United
2020
Abstract β-Mannans are plant cell wall polysaccharides that commonly found in human diets. However, a mechanistic understanding into the key populations degrade this glycan is absent, especially for dominant Firmicutes phylum. Here, we show prominent butyrate-producing Firmicute Roseburia intestinalis expresses two loci conferring metabolism of β-mannans. We combine multi-“omic” analyses and detailed biochemical studies to comprehensively characterize loci-encoded proteins involved β-mannan...
Abstract The thick mucus layer of the gut provides a barrier to infiltration underlying epithelia by both normal microbiota and enteric pathogens. Some members utilise mucin glycoproteins as nutrient source, but detailed understanding mechanisms used breakdown these complex macromolecules is lacking. Here we describe discovery characterisation endo-acting enzymes from prominent mucin-degrading bacteria that target polyLacNAc structures within oligosaccharide side chains animal human mucins....
T cell responses to symbionts in the intestine drive tolerance or inflammation depending on genetic background of host. These gut sense available nutrients and adapt their metabolic programs use these efficiently. Here, we ask whether diet can alter expression a bacterial antigen modulate adaptive immune responses. We generated CD4+ hybridoma, BθOM, specific for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. theta). Adoptively transferred transgenic cells expressing BθOM TCR proliferated colon,...
ABSTRACT The intestine is home to a complex immune system that engaged in mutualistic interactions with the microbiome maintain intestinal homeostasis. A variety of immune-derived anti-inflammatory mediators have been uncovered and shown be critical for maintaining these beneficial immune-microbiome relationships. Notably, gut actively invokes induction pathways limit development microbiome-targeted inflammatory responses. Despite importance this microbiome-driven immunomodulation, detailed...
The connection between intestinal microbes and human health has been appreciated since the 1880s with Theodor Escherich's investigation of Escherichia coli other fecal bacteria.Escherich hypothesized that indigenous micoorganisms play roles in both digestion diseases [1].In last century, our understanding bacteria, viruses, archaea, eukaryotes normally inhabit gut expanded alongside rest field microbiology, numerous fundamental have established for this community, now termed microbiome.As...
Abstract A variety of cell surface structures, including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), dictate interactions between bacteria and their environment viruses (bacteriophages). Members the prominent human gut Bacteroidetes characteristically produce several phase-variable CPS, but contributions to bacteriophage are unknown. We used engineered strains symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , which differ only in CPS they express, isolate bacteriophages from two locations United States. Testing...
Abstract The gut microbiome and intestinal immune system are engaged in a dynamic interplay that provides myriad benefits to host health. However, the can also elicit damaging inflammatory responses, thus establishing harmonious immune–microbiome interactions is essential maintain homeostasis. Gut microbes actively coordinate induction of anti-inflammatory responses establish these mutualistic interactions. Despite this, microbial pathways govern this dialogue remain poorly understood. We...
Summary Humans have co-evolved with a dense community of microbial symbionts that inhabit the lower intestine. In colon, secreted mucus creates physical barrier separates these microbes from intestinal epithelium. Some gut bacteria are able to utilize mucin glycoproteins, main component, as nutrient source. However, it remains unclear which bacterial enzymes initiate degradation highly complex O -glycans found in mucins. glycans heavily sulfated, but specific sulfatases active on colonic...
Abstract The human gut microbiota (HGM) are closely associated with health, development and disease. thick intestinal mucus layer, especially in the colon, is key barrier between contents of lumen epithelial cells, providing protection against infiltration by as well potential pathogens. upper layer colonic a niche for subset which utilise mucin glycoproteins nutrient source grazing appears to play role maintaining function community stability. Despite importance breakdown mechanisms...
Members of the gut microbiome encounter a barrage host- and microbe-derived microbiocidal factors that must be overcome to maintain fitness in intestine. The long-term stability many strains within suggests existence strain-specific strategies have evolved foster resilience such insults. Despite this, little is known about mechanisms mediate this resistance. Biofilm formation represents one commonly employed defense strategy against stressors like those found Here, we demonstrate...
The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of intestinal CD4+ cells is enriched for specificity towards microbiome-encoded epitopes shared among many microbiome members, providing broad microbial reactivity from a limited pool cells. These actively coordinate mutualistic host-microbiome interactions, yet are between gut symbionts and closely related pathobionts pathogens. Given the disparate impacts these agents on host health, must maintain strain-level discriminatory power to ensure protective...
Shared Services Centers (SSCs) have become a strategic component of today's business environment.Most large companies centralize their processes in specialized units called SSCs or outsource some to third-party providers the so-called Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) companiesthat effectively manage for them.The goal paper is investigate activity Poland.On basis statistical data, growth on Polish market was diagnosed.One most important factors having an impact significant seems be synergy...
Summary Efficient nutrient acquisition in the competitive human gut is essential for microbial persistence. While polysaccharides have been well-studied nutrients microbiome, other resources such as co-factors and nucleic acids less examined. We describe a series of ribose utilization systems (RUSs) that are broadly represented Bacteroidetes appear to diversified allow access from variety substrates. One Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron RUS variant critical colonization diet-specific fashion....
Efficient nutrient acquisition in the competitive human gut is essential for microbial persistence. While polysaccharides have been well-studied nutrients microbiome, other resources such as co-factors and nucleic acids less examined. We describe a series of ribose utilization systems (RUSs) that are broadly represented Bacteroidetes appear to diversified allow access from variety substrates. One Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron RUS variant critical colonization diet-specific fashion. Using...
Abstract The gut microbiome and intestinal immune system are engaged in a dynamic interplay that provides myriad benefits to host health. However, the can also elicit damaging inflammatory responses, thus establishing harmonious immune-microbiome interactions is essential maintain homeostasis. Gut microbes actively coordinate induction of anti-inflammatory responses establish these mutualistic interactions. Despite this, microbial pathways govern this dialogue remain poorly understood. We...