A5043530008- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Disaster Response and Management
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Health and Conflict Studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Global Security and Public Health
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Entomological Studies and Ecology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
University College London
2020
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2020
National Institutes of Health
2020
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
2020
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
2020
University Health System
2020
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2020
Bellevue Hospital Center
2020
Partners In Health
2016-2019
New York University
2019
BackgroundAlthough several therapeutic agents have been evaluated for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), no antiviral yet shown to be efficacious.MethodsWe conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial intravenous remdesivir in adults who were hospitalized with Covid-19 and had evidence lower respiratory tract infection. Patients randomly assigned receive either (200 mg loading dose on day 1, followed by 100 daily up 9 additional days) or placebo 10 days....
Abstract Background The epidemiology of invasive mold infections ( IMI ) in transplant recipients differs based on geography, hosts, preventative strategies, and methods diagnosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to evaluate the proven probable , using prior definitions, among all adult hematopoietic stem cell HSCT solid organ SOT era “classic” culture‐based diagnostics (2000–2009). Epidemiology was evaluated before after an initiative begun increase bronchoscopy...
An epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD) beginning in 2013 has claimed an estimated 11 310 lives West Africa. As the EVD subsides, it is important for all who participated emergency response to reflect on strengths and weaknesses response. Such reflections should take into account perspectives not usually included peer-reviewed publications after-action reports, including those from public sector, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), survivors Ebola, Ebola-affected households communities....
Introduction Evidence for minimally symptomatic Ebola virus (EBOV) infection is limited. During the 2013–16 outbreak in West Africa, it was not considered epidemiologically relevant to published models or projections of intervention effects. In order improve our understanding transmission dynamics EBOV humans, we investigated occurrence quarantined contacts reported disease cases a recognized 'hotspot.' Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted cross-sectional serosurvey Sukudu, Kono...
BackgroundEbola virus disease (EVD) survivors are at risk for uveitis during convalescence. Vision loss has been observed following due to cataracts. Since Ebola (EBOV) may persist in the ocular fluid of EVD an unknown duration, there questions about safety and feasibility vision restorative cataract surgery survivors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study anticipating patients with active evaluate EBOV RNA persistence fluid, as well outcomes post surgery. Patients aqueous humor that...
Although antivirals remain important for the treatment COVID-19, methods to assess efficacy are lacking. Here, we investigated impact of remdesivir on viral dynamics and their contribution understanding antiviral in multicenter Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial 1, which randomized patients or placebo.
Abstract: Coccidioidomycosis in solid organ transplant recipients most often occurs as a result of primary infection or reactivation latent infection. Herein, we report series cases transplant‐related transmission coccidioidomycosis from single donor non‐endemic region whose organs were transplanted to 5 different recipients. In all, 3 the developed evidence C occidioides infection, 2 whom had disseminated disease. The degree T‐cell immunosuppression and timing antifungal therapy initiation...
The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among Tibetan refugees in India is 431 cases/100,000 persons, compared with 181 persons overall 2010. More than half TB cases these occur students, monks, and nuns congregate settings. We sought to increase case detection rates for this population through active finding rapid molecular diagnostics. screened 27,714 symptoms tested 3,830 symptomatic by using an algorithm incorporating chest radiography, sputum smear microscopy, culture, a diagnostic test; 96...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem among Tibetans living in exile India. Although drug-resistant TB considered common clinical practice, precise data are lacking.To determine the proportion of cases new and previously treated Tibetan patients.In drug resistance survey five settlements India, culture susceptibility testing (DST) for first-line drugs were performed all consecutive from April 2010 to September 2011. DST against kanamycin (KM), ethionamide, para-aminosalicylic acid...
Studies have yet to include minimally symptomatic Ebola virus (EBOV) infections and unrecognized disease (EVD) in Ebola-related transmission chains epidemiologic risk estimates. We conducted a cross-sectional, sero-epidemiological survey from October 2015 January 2016 among 221 individuals living quarantined households November 2014 February during the outbreak village of Sukudu, Sierra Leone. Of 48 EBOV-infected persons, 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14%-40%) had EBOV 4% CI, 1%-14%)...
Studies have shown that people suffering from food insecurity are at higher risk for infectious and noncommunicable diseases poorer health outcomes. No study, however, has examined the association between outcomes related to Ebola virus disease (EVD). We conducted a cross-sectional study in two Ebola-affected communities Kono district, Sierra Leone, November 2015 September 2016. enrolled persons who were determined been exposed virus. assessed of insecurity, using an adapted version...
Abstract Background Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) and Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) are caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis Rickettsia rickettsii , respectively. The pathogenesis of RMSF relates to rickettsia-mediated vascular injury, but it is unclear in HME. Methods To study histopathologic responses the lymphatic system for correlates immune lymph nodes from patients with HME (n = 6) 5) were examined. H&E-stained node tissues examined five features, including hemophagocytosis,...
The Magazine Wharf area, Freetown, Sierra Leone was a focus of ongoing Ebola virus transmission from late June 2015. Viral genomes linked to this area contain series 13 T C substitutions in 150 base pair intergenic region downstream viral protein 40 open reading frame, similar the Ebolavirus/H.sapiens-wt/SLE/2014/Makona-J0169 strain (J0169) detected same town November 2014. This suggests that recently circulating viruses Freetown descend J0169-like virus.
Residents of the Republic Serbia faced civil war and a NATO-led bombing campaign in 1999. We sought to assess burden metal health dysfunction among emergency department (ED) patients presenting for care three years post-war Serbia. This study was conducted during July August 2002 at two sites: university hospital ED Belgrade, an remote district serving Serbian enclave Laplje Selo, Kosovo. Investigators collected data on systematic sample non-acute ED. All respondents completed structured...
Due to the complexity of health system reform in post-conflict, post-disaster, and development settings, attempts restructure services are fraught with pitfalls that often unanticipated because inadequate preliminary assessments. Our proposed Integrated Multimodal Assessment – combining quantitative qualitative methodologies may provide a more robust mechanism for identifying programmatic priorities critical barriers appropriate sustainable interventions. The purpose this study is describe...
Untreated chronic hepatitis B can lead to liver failure and/or cancer. These complications be avoided through prevention with vaccination or treatment of disease. To inform health policy for the Tibetan community in India, we conducted study prevalence and needs. We a cross-sectional over 3 months 2013. Households were randomly selected participation via satellite map; one boarding school residential monastery also included. Participants asked questions whole blood sample was collected HBsAg...
Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases pose growing global public health threats. However, research on development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) for such pathogens is limited by the sporadic unpredictable nature outbreaks, lack financial incentive pharmaceutical companies to develop interventions many diseases, clinical capacity in areas where these are endemic, ethical dilemmas related conducting scientific humanitarian emergencies. Hence, clinicians providing care patients with...
Weil, A., Cameron, C., Soumerai, J., Dierberg, K., Mouwon, Kraemer, D., Lewy, Lee, P., & Siedner, M. (2014). Alcohol use and health care utilization in rural Liberia: Results of a community-based survey for basic public indicators. The International Journal Of And Drug Research, 3(2), 169-181. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i2.147Aim: To measure the association between alcohol health-seeking behavior post-conflict Liberia.Design: Cross-sectional survey.Setting: A community...
The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak exposed the poor laboratory systems in Sierra Leone. Immense needs were recognised across all areas, from facilities, diagnostic capacity, supplies, trained personnel to quality assurance mechanisms.We aimed describe first year of a comprehensive intervention, which started 2015, public hospital's general serving population over 500 000 rural district.The intervention focused on (1) supporting local authorities and healthcare workers policy implementation...